30.Scrapy 对接 Selenium

Posted 2021-01-07 lvjing

Scrapy 对接 Selenium（参考代码网址，https://github.com/Python3WebSpider/ScrapySeleniumTest） 

此文就是参考书上的代码拿下来跑，作为借鉴，很多地方都不是很理解，也是我第一次使用mongodb入库数据，一直用的都是mysql对mongodb这种关系型数据库用的并不多，今天就是拿代码跑一下理解作者的整个思路有待消化。

主要核心： Downloader Middleware 的方式实现 Selenium的对接。

缺点：此方法是阻塞式的，破坏了Scrapy异步处理的逻辑，速度会影响（还给出了Scrapy 对接 Splash方法）。

taobao.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from scrapy import Request, Spider
from urllib.parse import quote
# quote适用于单个字符
from scrapyseleniumtest.items import ProductItem


class TaobaoSpider(Spider):
    name = ‘taobao‘
    allowed_domains = [‘www.taobao.com‘]
    base_url = ‘https://s.taobao.com/search?q=‘


    def start_requests(self):
        for keyword in self.settings.get(‘KEYWORDS‘):
            for page in range(1, self.settings.get(‘MAX_PAGE‘) + 1):
                url = self.base_url + quote(keyword)
                yield Request(url=url, callback=self.parse, meta={‘page‘: page}, dont_filter=True)
                #分页页码page传递参数，设置dot_filter不去重

    def parse(self, response):
        products = response.xpath(
            ‘//div[@id="mainsrp-itemlist"]//div[@class="items"][1]//div[contains(@class, "item")]‘)
        for product in products:
            item = ProductItem()
            item[‘price‘] = ‘‘.join(product.xpath(‘.//div[contains(@class, "price")]//text()‘).extract()).strip()
            item[‘title‘] = ‘‘.join(product.xpath(‘.//div[contains(@class, "title")]//text()‘).extract()).strip()
            item[‘shop‘] = ‘‘.join(product.xpath(‘.//div[contains(@class, "shop")]//text()‘).extract()).strip()
            item[‘image‘] = ‘‘.join(product.xpath(‘.//div[@class="pic"]//img[contains(@class, "img")]/@data-src‘).extract()).strip()
            item[‘deal‘] = product.xpath(‘.//div[contains(@class, "deal-cnt")]//text()‘).extract_first()
            item[‘location‘] = product.xpath(‘.//div[contains(@class, "location")]//text()‘).extract_first()
            yield item

items.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define here the models for your scraped items
#
# See documentation in:
# http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html

from scrapy import Item, Field


class ProductItem(Item):
    collection = ‘products‘

    image = Field()
    price = Field()
    deal = Field()
    title = Field()
    shop = Field()
    location = Field()

midddlewares.py (对接关键点)

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.common.exceptions import TimeoutException
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from scrapy.http import HtmlResponse
from logging import getLogger


class SeleniumMiddleware():
    def __init__(self, timeout=None, service_args=[]):
        self.logger = getLogger(__name__)
        self.timeout = timeout
        self.browser = webdriver.PhantomJS(service_args=service_args)
        self.browser.set_window_size(1400, 700)
        self.browser.set_page_load_timeout(self.timeout)
        self.wait = WebDriverWait(self.browser, self.timeout)

    def __del__(self):
        self.browser.close()

    def process_request(self, request, spider):
        """
        用PhantomJS抓取页面
        :param request: Request对象
        :param spider: Spider对象
        :return: HtmlResponse
        """
        self.logger.debug(‘PhantomJS is Starting‘)
        page = request.meta.get(‘page‘, 1)
        try:
            self.browser.get(request.url)
            if page > 1:
                input = self.wait.until(
                    EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, ‘#mainsrp-pager div.form > input‘)))
                submit = self.wait.until(
                    EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, ‘#mainsrp-pager div.form > span.btn.J_Submit‘)))
                input.clear()
                input.send_keys(page)
                submit.click()
            self.wait.until(
                EC.text_to_be_present_in_element((By.CSS_SELECTOR, ‘#mainsrp-pager li.item.active > span‘), str(page)))
            self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, ‘.m-itemlist .items .item‘)))
            return HtmlResponse(url=request.url, body=self.browser.page_source, request=request, encoding=‘utf-8‘,
                                status=200)
        except TimeoutException:
            return HtmlResponse(url=request.url, status=500, request=request)

    @classmethod
    def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
        return cls(timeout=crawler.settings.get(‘SELENIUM_TIMEOUT‘),
                   service_args=crawler.settings.get(‘PHANTOMJS_SERVICE_ARGS‘))

piplines.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don‘t forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html


import pymongo


class MongoPipeline(object):
    def __init__(self, mongo_uri, mongo_db):
        self.mongo_uri = mongo_uri
        self.mongo_db = mongo_db

    @classmethod
    def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
        return cls(mongo_uri=crawler.settings.get(‘MONGO_URI‘), mongo_db=crawler.settings.get(‘MONGO_DB‘))

    def open_spider(self, spider):
        self.client = pymongo.MongoClient(self.mongo_uri)
        self.db = self.client[self.mongo_db]

    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        self.db[item.collection].insert(dict(item))
        return item

    def close_spider(self, spider):
        self.client.close()

setting.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Scrapy settings for scrapyseleniumtest project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
#     http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
#     http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#     http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

BOT_NAME = ‘scrapyseleniumtest‘

SPIDER_MODULES = [‘scrapyseleniumtest.spiders‘]
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = ‘scrapyseleniumtest.spiders‘

# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
# USER_AGENT = ‘scrapyseleniumtest (+http://www.yourdomain.com)‘

# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False

# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
# CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32

# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
# DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
# CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
# CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16

# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
# COOKIES_ENABLED = False

# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
# TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False

# Override the default request headers:
# DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
#   ‘Accept‘: ‘text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8‘,
#   ‘Accept-Language‘: ‘en‘,
# }

# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
# SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    ‘scrapyseleniumtest.middlewares.ScrapyseleniumtestSpiderMiddleware‘: 543,
# }

# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
    ‘scrapyseleniumtest.middlewares.SeleniumMiddleware‘: 543,
}

# Enable or disable extensions
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
# EXTENSIONS = {
#    ‘scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole‘: None,
# }

# Configure item pipelines
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
    ‘scrapyseleniumtest.pipelines.MongoPipeline‘: 300,
}

# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
# AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
# AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
# AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
# AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
# AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False

# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
# HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
# HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
# HTTPCACHE_DIR = ‘httpcache‘
# HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
# HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = ‘scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage‘

KEYWORDS = [‘iPad‘]

MAX_PAGE = 100

SELENIUM_TIMEOUT = 20

PHANTOMJS_SERVICE_ARGS = [‘--load-images=false‘, ‘--disk-cache=true‘]

MONGO_URI = ‘localhost‘

MONGO_DB = ‘taobao‘

导入phantomjs的文件

from selenium import webdriver

driver=webdriver.PhantomJS(executable_path=r"E:Softsoftphantomjs-2.1.1-windowsinphantomjs.exe")

driver.get(‘http://news.sohu.com/scroll/‘)


print(driver.find_element_by_class_name(‘title‘).text)

代码执行入库结果如图：