在子类中重用父类的方法和属性

Posted 2021-01-06 huizaia

一、指名道姓法（不依赖继承，直接通过类调用方法和属性）

class Hero:
    def __init__(self, name, life, damage):
        self.name = name
        self.life = life
        self.damage = damage

    def attack(self, enemy):
        enemy.life -= self.damage


class Garen(Hero):
    animal = ‘Garen‘

    def attack(self, enemy):
        Hero.attack(self, enemy)  # 指名道姓的方式

    def __init__(self, name, life, damage, tree):
        Hero.__init__(self, name, life, damage)
        self.tree = tree


st1 = Garen(‘盖伦‘, 100, 40, ‘大保健‘)
class Riven(Hero):
        pass


st2 = Riven(‘锐雯‘, 100, 50)
print(st2.life)
st1.attack(st2)
print(st2.life)


输出结果：
{‘name‘: ‘盖伦‘, ‘life‘: 100, ‘damage‘: 40, ‘tree‘: ‘大保健‘}
100
60

 

 

二、super（）依赖继承

class Hero:
    def __init__(self, name, life, damage):
        self.name = name
        self.life = life
        self.damage = damage

    def attack(self, enemy):
        enemy.life -= self.damage


class Garen(Hero):
    animal = ‘Garen‘

    def attack(self, enemy):
        super(Garen, self).attack(enemy)   #固定格式super(对象名，self)

    def __init__(self, name, life, damage, web):
        super().__init__(name, life, damage)     #固定格式super()
        self.web = web


st1 = Garen(‘盖伦‘, 100, 40, ‘大保健‘)
print(st1.__dict__)


class Riven(Hero):
    animal = ‘Noxus‘


st2 = Riven(‘锐雯‘, 100, 50)
print(st2.life)
st1.attack(st2)
print(st2.life)


输出结果：
{‘name‘: ‘盖伦‘, ‘life‘: 100, ‘damage‘: 40, ‘web‘: ‘大保健‘}
100
60

 

 

super找方法的顺序

class A:
    def f1(self):
        print(‘from A‘)
        super().f1()


class B:
    def f1(self):
        print(‘from B‘)


class C(A, B):
    pass


print(C.mro())

a = C()
a.f1()


输出结果：
[<class ‘__main__.C‘>, <class ‘__main__.A‘>, <class ‘__main__.B‘>, <class ‘object‘>]
from A
from B

super是根据mro的顺序来找方法，先找A类，然后找到super时，在A顺序的基础上去找B的f1方法