第三十四课 栈的概念及实现（上）

Posted 2021-01-06 wanmeishenghuo

 

 

 

 

 

 

这种使用原生数组作为存储容器的栈也简称顺序栈。

 

添加Stack.h文件：

 1 #ifndef STACK_H
 2 #define STACK_H
 3 
 4 #include "Object.h"
 5 
 6 namespace DTLib
 7 {
 8 
 9 template < typename T >
10 class Stack : public Object
11 {
12 public:
13     virtual void push(const T& e) = 0;
14     virtual void pop() = 0;
15     virtual T top() const = 0;
16     virtual void clear() = 0;
17     virtual int size() const = 0;
18 };
19 
20 }
21 
22 #endif // STACK_H

 

添加StaticStack.h文件：

 1 #ifndef STATICSTACK_H
 2 #define STATICSTACK_H
 3 
 4 #include "Stack.h"
 5 #include "Exception.h"
 6 
 7 namespace DTLib
 8 {
 9 
10 template < typename T, int N >
11 class StaticStack : public Stack<T>
12 {
13 protected:
14     T m_space[N];
15     int m_top;
16     int m_size;
17 public:
18     StaticStack()
19     {
20         m_top = -1;
21         m_size = 0;
22     }
23 
24     int capacity() const
25     {
26         return N;
27     }
28 
29     void push(const T& e)
30     {
31         if( m_size < N )
32         {
33             m_space[m_top + 1] = e;  //先赋值，保证异常安全
34             m_top++;
35             m_size++;
36         }
37         else
38         {
39             THROW_EXCEPTION(InvalidOperationException, "No space in current stack ...");
40         }
41     }
42 
43     void pop()
44     {
45         if( m_size > 0 )
46         {
47             m_top--;
48             m_size--;
49         }
50         else
51         {
52             THROW_EXCEPTION(InvalidOperationException, "No element in current stack ...");
53         }
54     }
55 
56     T top() const
57     {
58         if( m_size > 0 )
59         {
60             return m_space[m_top];
61         }
62         else
63         {
64             THROW_EXCEPTION(InvalidOperationException, "No element in current stack ...");
65         }
66     }
67 
68     void clear()
69     {
70         m_top = -1;
71         m_size = 0;
72     }
73 
74     int size() const
75     {
76         return m_size;
77     }
78 };
79 
80 }
81 
82 #endif // STATICSTACK_H

测试程序如下：

 1 #include <iostream>
 2 #include "StaticStack.h"
 3 
 4 using namespace std;
 5 using namespace DTLib;
 6 
 7 
 8 int main()
 9 {
10     StaticStack<int, 5> stack;
11 
12     for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
13     {
14         stack.push(i);
15     }
16 
17     while( stack.size() > 0 )
18     {
19         cout << stack.top() << endl;
20         stack.pop();
21     }
22 
23     return 0;
24 }

运行结果如下：

 

 

小结：