如何在存储过程的IN操作中传递字符串变量

Posted 2021-01-06 superfeeling

原始SQL如下：

SELECT   MONTH(OrderTime) AS datetype, SUM(DeliveryCount) AS decount, Region
FROM      (SELECT   dbo.mpc_Order.OrderTime, 
                                 dbo.mpc_Order.Province + ‘-‘ + dbo.mpc_Order.City + ‘-‘ + dbo.mpc_Order.Area AS Region, 
                                 dbo.mpc_Order_Delivery.DeliveryCount
                 FROM      dbo.mpc_Order INNER JOIN
                                 dbo.mpc_Order_Delivery ON dbo.mpc_Order.OrderID = dbo.mpc_Order_Delivery.OrderID) AS T1
                                  WHERE Region IN(‘天津市-市辖区-和平区‘,‘吉林省-长春市-市辖区‘)
GROUP BY Region, MONTH(OrderTime)

因为项目需要，我需要把IN里的字符串做为一个参数，并写成存储过程进行调用，IN里面明显是一个字符串，所以很自然的写出如下存储过程：

ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[QueryAgentOrder] 
    -- Add the parameters for the stored procedure here
    @Region NVARCHAR(1000),
    @QueryBy NVARCHAR(10)
AS
BEGIN
    DECLARE @SQL NVARCHAR(1000);    --SQL
    DECLARE @PARAM NVARCHAR(1000);    --参数
    IF @QueryBy = ‘MONTh‘ OR @QueryBy = ‘YEAR‘
    BEGIN
        --SET @Region = ‘‘‘天津市-市辖区-和平区‘‘,‘‘山东省-滨州市-邹平县‘‘‘;
        SET @SQL = N‘SELECT ‘ + @QueryBy + ‘(OrderTime) AS datetype, SUM(DeliveryCount) AS decount, Region‘;
        SET @SQL = @SQL + ‘ FROM      (SELECT   dbo.mpc_Order.OrderTime, ‘;
        SET @SQL = @SQL + ‘ dbo.mpc_Order.Province + ‘‘-‘‘ + dbo.mpc_Order.City + ‘‘-‘‘ + dbo.mpc_Order.Area AS Region,‘;
        SET @SQL = @SQL + ‘ dbo.mpc_Order_Delivery.DeliveryCount‘;
        SET @SQL = @SQL + ‘ FROM      dbo.mpc_Order INNER JOIN‘;
        SET @SQL = @SQL + ‘ dbo.mpc_Order_Delivery ON dbo.mpc_Order.OrderID = dbo.mpc_Order_Delivery.OrderID‘;        
        SET @SQL = @SQL + ‘ ) AS T1‘;
        IF @Region IS NOT NULL
            BEGIN
                --这里传递@Region参数
                SET @SQL = @SQL + ‘ WHERE Region IN(@Region)‘;
            END
        SET @SQL = @SQL + ‘ GROUP BY Region, ‘ + @QueryBy + ‘(OrderTime)‘;

        --申明参数
        SET @PARAM = N‘@Region NVARCHAR(1000),@QueryBy NVARCHAR(10)‘;

        --执行存储过程
        EXEC sys.sp_executesql @SQL,@PARAM,@Region = @Region,@QueryBy = @QueryBy
    END
END

用以下方式调用，没有得到的记录：

EXEC    [dbo].[QueryAgentOrder]
        @Region = N‘天津市-市辖区-和平区,吉林省-长春市-市辖区‘,
        @QueryBy = N‘month‘

换一种方式调用，还是不行：

EXEC    [dbo].[QueryAgentOrder]
        @Region = N‘‘‘天津市-市辖区-和平区‘‘,‘‘吉林省-长春市-市辖区‘‘‘,
        @QueryBy = N‘month‘

 

其实关键还是出在如何传递Region变量上。后来看到两篇帖子，经过测试，得到两种正确的方法如下：

第一种方法：

在Region两边用单引号和加号+再连接一下，就可以。至于为什么，不清楚。。。

ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[QueryAgentOrder] 
    -- Add the parameters for the stored procedure here
    @Region NVARCHAR(1000),
    @QueryBy NVARCHAR(10)
AS
BEGIN
    DECLARE @SQL NVARCHAR(1000);    --SQL
    DECLARE @PARAM NVARCHAR(1000);    --参数
    IF @QueryBy = ‘MONTh‘ OR @QueryBy = ‘YEAR‘
    BEGIN
        SET @SQL = N‘SELECT ‘ + @QueryBy + ‘(OrderTime) AS datetype, SUM(DeliveryCount) AS decount, Region‘;
        SET @SQL = @SQL + ‘ FROM      (SELECT   dbo.mpc_Order.OrderTime, ‘;
        SET @SQL = @SQL + ‘ dbo.mpc_Order.Province + ‘‘-‘‘ + dbo.mpc_Order.City + ‘‘-‘‘ + dbo.mpc_Order.Area AS Region,‘;
        SET @SQL = @SQL + ‘ dbo.mpc_Order_Delivery.DeliveryCount‘;
        SET @SQL = @SQL + ‘ FROM      dbo.mpc_Order INNER JOIN‘;
        SET @SQL = @SQL + ‘ dbo.mpc_Order_Delivery ON dbo.mpc_Order.OrderID = dbo.mpc_Order_Delivery.OrderID‘;        
        SET @SQL = @SQL + ‘ ) AS T1‘;
        IF @Region IS NOT NULL
            BEGIN
                --在@Region两边加单引号
                SET @SQL = @SQL + ‘ WHERE Region IN(‘+ @Region + ‘)‘;
            END
        SET @SQL = @SQL + ‘ GROUP BY Region, ‘ + @QueryBy + ‘(OrderTime)‘;

        --申明参数
        SET @PARAM = N‘@Region NVARCHAR(1000),@QueryBy NVARCHAR(10)‘;

        --执行存储过程
        EXEC sys.sp_executesql @SQL,@PARAM,@Region = @Region,@QueryBy = @QueryBy
    END
END

调用方法：

EXEC    [dbo].[QueryAgentOrder]
        @Region = N‘‘‘天津市-市辖区-和平区‘‘,‘‘吉林省-长春市-市辖区‘‘‘,
        @QueryBy = N‘month‘

调用结果：

第二种方法：

 使用一个自定义函数，模拟split实现，然后通过select调用函数，感觉这种方法比较好。

ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[QueryAgentOrder] 
    -- Add the parameters for the stored procedure here
    @Region NVARCHAR(1000),
    @QueryBy NVARCHAR(10)
AS
BEGIN
    DECLARE @SQL NVARCHAR(1000);    --SQL
    DECLARE @PARAM NVARCHAR(1000);    --参数
    IF @QueryBy = ‘MONTh‘ OR @QueryBy = ‘YEAR‘
    BEGIN
        SET @SQL = N‘SELECT ‘ + @QueryBy + ‘(OrderTime) AS datetype, SUM(DeliveryCount) AS decount, Region‘;
        SET @SQL = @SQL + ‘ FROM      (SELECT   dbo.mpc_Order.OrderTime, ‘;
        SET @SQL = @SQL + ‘ dbo.mpc_Order.Province + ‘‘-‘‘ + dbo.mpc_Order.City + ‘‘-‘‘ + dbo.mpc_Order.Area AS Region,‘;
        SET @SQL = @SQL + ‘ dbo.mpc_Order_Delivery.DeliveryCount‘;
        SET @SQL = @SQL + ‘ FROM      dbo.mpc_Order INNER JOIN‘;
        SET @SQL = @SQL + ‘ dbo.mpc_Order_Delivery ON dbo.mpc_Order.OrderID = dbo.mpc_Order_Delivery.OrderID‘;        
        SET @SQL = @SQL + ‘ ) AS T1‘;
        IF @Region IS NOT NULL
            BEGIN
                --通过SPLIT函数分割生成结果集
                SET @SQL = @SQL + ‘ WHERE Region IN(SELECT * FROM DBO.F_SPLIT(@Region,‘‘,‘‘))‘;                
            END
        SET @SQL = @SQL + ‘ GROUP BY Region, ‘ + @QueryBy + ‘(OrderTime)‘;

        --申明参数
        SET @PARAM = N‘@Region NVARCHAR(1000),@QueryBy NVARCHAR(10)‘;

        --执行存储过程
        EXEC sys.sp_executesql @SQL,@PARAM,@Region = @Region,@QueryBy = @QueryBy
    END
END

调用方式也比较简单，相比第一种不用输入那么多的单引号：

EXEC    [dbo].[QueryAgentOrder]
        @Region = N‘天津市-市辖区-和平区,吉林省-长春市-市辖区‘,
        @QueryBy = N‘month‘

调用结果：

附：分割函数如下：

create function f_split(@SourceSql varchar(8000),@StrSeprate varchar(10))
returns @temp table(a varchar(100))
--实现split功能 的函数
--date    :2003-10-14
as 
begin
    declare @i int
    set @SourceSql=rtrim(ltrim(@SourceSql))   --去掉字符中的空格
    set @i=charindex(@StrSeprate,@SourceSql)  --找分割符在字符中的位置
    while @i>=1
    begin
        insert @temp values(left(@SourceSql,@i-1))  
        set @SourceSql=substring(@SourceSql,@i+1,len(@SourceSql)-@i)
        set @i=charindex(@StrSeprate,@SourceSql)
    end
    if @SourceSql<>‘‘ 
       insert @temp values(@SourceSql)
    return 
end

 

 

最后

上述两种方法都可以实现在IN中传递字符串变量，对于防注方面，感觉第二种应该比第一种好，有精于此块的朋友，也请不吝赐教。