LNMP服务搭建

Posted 2021-01-01

搭建环境：一台主机 192.168.56.12
安装nginx，mysql，php
关闭防火墙，selinux

1.编译安装nginx
//创建系统用户
[[email protected] ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
//安装依赖环境
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel gd-devel
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y groups mark install ‘Development Tools‘

//创建日志存放目录，并更改属主属主
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /var/log/nginx
[[email protected] ~]# chown -R nginx.nginx /var/log/nginx
//下载nginx，可在官网先下来
[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/src/
[[email protected] src]# ls
debug kernels
[[email protected] src]# ls
debug kernels nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz

//编译安装
[[email protected] src]# cd nginx-1.14.0
[[email protected] nginx-1.14.0]# ./configure

--prefix=/usr/local/nginx
--user=nginx
--group=nginx
--with-debug
--with-http_ssl_module
--with-http_realip_module
--with-http_image_filter_module
--with-http_gunzip_module
--with-http_gzip_static_module
--with-http_stub_status_module
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log

出现 checking for OS

• Linux 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 x86_64
  checking for C compiler ... not found
  ./configure: error: C compiler cc is not found
  则需要安装依赖包gcc
  [[email protected] nginx-1.14.0]# yum install gcc -y
  [[email protected] nginx-1.14.0]# make && make install

//配置环境变量并使其生效
[[email protected] ~]# echo ‘export PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH‘ > /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh
[[email protected] ~]# . /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh

//服务控制方式，使用nginx命令
-t //检查配置文件语法
-v //输出nginx的版本
-c //指定配置文件的路径
-s //发送服务控制信号，可选值有{stop,quit,reopen,reload}

//启动nginx
[[email protected] ~]# nginx
[[email protected] ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 :80 :
LISTEN 0 128 :22 :
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 :
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::
LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::

2.安装mysql二进制包
//安装依赖包
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install ncurses-devel openssl-devel openssl cmake mariadb-devel
//创建用户和组
[[email protected] ~]# groupadd -r -g 306 mysql
[[email protected] ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin -g 306 -u 306 mysql
//下载软件包
[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/src/
[[email protected] src]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
// 解压至/usr/local
[[email protected] src]# tar xf mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[[email protected] src]# cd /usr/local/
[[email protected] local]# ls
bin games lib libexec nginx share
etc include lib64 mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 sbin src
[[email protected] local]# ln -sv mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql
‘mysql’ -> ‘mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/’

//更改/usr/local/mysql的属主属组
[[email protected] local]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
[[email protected] local]# ll -d /usr/local/mysql
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 36 Aug 25 22:00 /usr/local/mysql -> mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/

//添加环境变量
[[email protected] ~]# ls /usr/local/mysql
bin COPYING docs include lib man README share support-files
[[email protected] ~]# echo ‘export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH‘ > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[[email protected] ~]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[[email protected] ~]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/nginx/sbin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin

//建立数据存放目录，并更改属主属组
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /opt/data
[[email protected] ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/
[[email protected] ~]# ll /opt/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 Aug 25 22:02 data

//初始化数据库
[[email protected] ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/data/
//初始化后会在屏幕输出内容最后一行产生一个随机密码，需要记下来登录数据库用
[[email protected] ~]# echo ‘fWqjgTJxt7*R‘ > /etc/pass.txt

//配置mysql
[[email protected] ~]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/local/include/mysql
‘/usr/local/include/mysql’ -> ‘/usr/local/mysql/include/’
[[email protected] ~]# echo ‘/usr/local/mysql/lib‘ > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
[[email protected] ~]# ldconfig -v
//生成配置文件
[[email protected] ~]# cat > /etc/my.cnf <<EOF

[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /opt/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
port = 3306
pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
skip-name-resolve
EOF

//配置服务启动脚本
[[email protected] ~]# cp -a /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[[email protected] ~]# sed -ri ‘s#^(basedir=).#1/usr/local/mysql#g‘ /etc/init.d/mysqld
[[email protected] ~]# sed -ri ‘s#^(datadir=).#1/opt/data#g‘ /etc/init.d/mysqld

//启动mysql
[[email protected] ~]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to ‘/opt/data/hyj.com.err‘.
. SUCCESS!

//登录数据库修改密码
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/pass.txt
fWqjgTJxt7R
[[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -pfWqjgTJxt7R
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.22
...
...

mysql> set password=password(‘ran1027.‘);
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye

3.安装php
//配置yum源
[[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# sed -i ‘s/$releasever/7/g‘ /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# sed -i ‘s/^enabled=.*/enabled=1/g‘ /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
//安装扩展源
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# yum -y install epel-release
//安装依赖包
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel gmp gmp-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel mhash mhash-devel

//下载php
[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/src/
[[email protected] src]# wget http://cn.php.net/distributions/php-7.2.8.tar.xz
//编译安装php
[[email protected] src]# tar xf php-7.2.8.tar.xz
[[email protected] src]# cd php-7.2.8
[[email protected] php-7.2.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7

--with-curl
--with-freetype-dir
--with-gd
--with-gettext
--with-iconv-dir
--with-kerberos
--with-libdir=lib64
--with-libxml-dir=/usr
--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config
--with-openssl
--with-pcre-regex
--with-pdo-mysql
--with-pdo-sqlite
--with-pear
--with-jpeg-dir
--with-png-dir
--with-xmlrpc
--with-xsl
--with-zlib
--with-config-file-path=/etc
--with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d
--with-bz2
--enable-fpm
--enable-bcmath
--enable-libxml
--enable-inline-optimization
--enable-mbregex
--enable-mbstring
--enable-opcache
--enable-pcntl
--enable-shmop
--enable-soap
--enable-sockets
--enable-sysvsem
--enable-xml
--enable-zip
[[email protected] ~]# make && make install

//安装后配置
[[email protected] ~]# echo ‘export PATH=/usr/local/php7/bin:$PATH‘ > /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
[[email protected] ~]# source /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
[[email protected] ~]# which php
/usr/local/php7/bin/php
[[email protected] ~]# php -v
PHP 7.2.8 (cli) (built: Aug 25 2018 22:34:56) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies

//配置php-fpm
[[email protected] php-7.2.8]# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini
[[email protected] php-7.2.8]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[[email protected] php-7.2.8]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm
[[email protected] php-7.2.8]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
[[email protected] php-7.2.8]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

//编辑php-fpm的配置文件（/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf）
//配置相关选项为自己所需要的值
[[email protected] ~]# vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
...
...
pm.max_children = 50 //最多同时提供50个进程提供50个并发服务
pm.start_servers = 5 //启动时启动5个进程
pm.min_spare_servers = 2 //最小空闲进程数
pm.max_spare_servers = 8 //最大空闲进程数

//启动php-fpm
//默认情况下，fpm监听在127.0.0.1的9000端口
[[email protected] ~]# service php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm done
[[email protected] ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 :80 :
LISTEN 0 128 :22 :
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 :
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:9000 :
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::
LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::
LISTEN 0 80 :::3306 :::*

4.配置nginx
FastCGI的相关配置参数
LNMP：php需要启用fpm模型
配置如下：
[[email protected] ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

  location / {
        root html;
        index index.html index.htm;
    }

//添加以下内容，php脚本请求全部转发到FastCGI处理，使用默认配置
location ~ .php$ {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}

//配置完后重新加载nginx
[[email protected] ~]# nginx -s reload

//在nginx下的html目录下创建测试文件
[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/
[[email protected] html]# cat > ranwoaini.php <<EOF

<?php
phpinfo();
?>
EOF

在浏览器上输入192.168.56.12/ranwoaini.php访问，出现以下界面则说明服务搭建成功