Logstash配置总结和实例
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这里记录Logstash配置中注意的事项：
整个配置文件分为三部分：input,filter,output。参考这里的介绍 https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/logstash/current/configuration-file-structure.html
1 在Windows中，文件路径中分隔符要使用/而不是\。如果使用了\，那么*匹配将会失败。
2 默认的@timestamp是使用UTC时间表示的，所以对于北京时间会有8小时差，我们很多情况会使用日期来做type区分日志，这时有个办法是在filter中增加ruby来做转换。其实是新加了一个属性来表示日期。
另外有个选项是在date中有timezone的属性，但是如果设置它为UTC，那么整个日志中的时间就是UTC时间了，不是一个理想的做法。
下面是一个配置解释
2016-5-5更新：
#整个配置文件分为三部分：input,filter,output #参考这里的介绍 https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/logstash/current/configuration-file-structure.html input { #file可以多次使用，也可以只写一个file而设置它的path属性配置多个文件实现多文件监控 file { #type是给结果增加了一个属性叫type值为"<xxx>"的条目。这里的type，对应了ES中index中的type，即如果输入ES时，没有指定type，那么这里的type将作为ES中index的type。 type => "apache-access" path => "/apphome/ptc/Windchill_10.0/Apache/logs/access_log*" #start_position可以设置为beginning或者end，beginning表示从头开始读取文件，end表示读取最新的，这个也要和ignore_older一起使用。 start_position => beginning #sincedb_path表示文件读取进度的记录，每行表示一个文件，每行有两个数字，第一个表示文件的inode，第二个表示文件读取到的位置（byteoffset）。默认为$HOME/.sincedb* sincedb_path => "/opt/logstash-2.3.1/sincedb_path/access_progress" #ignore_older表示了针对多久的文件进行监控，默认一天，单位为秒，可以自己定制，比如默认只读取一天内被修改的文件。 ignore_older => 604800 #add_field增加属性。这里使用了${HOSTNAME}，即本机的环境变量，如果要使用本机的环境变量，那么需要在启动命令上加--alow-env。 add_field => {"log_hostname"=>"${HOSTNAME}"} #这个值默认是\n 换行符，如果设置为空""，那么后果是每个字符代表一个event delimiter => "" #这个表示关闭超过（默认）3600秒后追踪文件。这个对于multiline来说特别有用。... 这个参数和logstash对文件的读取方式有关，两种方式read tail，如果是read close_older => 3600 coodec => multiline { pattern => "^\s" #这个negate是否定的意思，意思跟pattern相反，也就是不满足patter的意思。 # negate => "" #what有两个值可选 previous和next，举例说明，java的异常从第二行以空格开始，这里就可以pattern匹配空格开始，what设置为previous意思是空格开头这行跟上一行属于同一event。另一个例子，有时候一条命令太长，当以\结尾时表示这行属于跟下一行属于同一event，这时需要使用negate=>true，what=>‘next‘。 what => "previous" auto_flush_interval => 60 } } file { type => "methodserver-log" path => "/apphome/ptc/Windchill_10.0/Windchill/logs/MethodServer-1604221021-32380.log" start_position => beginning sincedb_path => "/opt/logstash-2.3.1/sincedb_path/methodserver_process" # ignore_older => 604800 } } filter{ #执行ruby程序，下面例子是将日期转化为字符串赋予daytag ruby { code => "event[‘daytag‘] = event.timestamp.time.localtime.strftime(‘%Y-%m-%d‘)" } # if [path] =~ "access" {} else if [path] =~ "methodserver" {} else if [path] =~ "servermanager" {} else {} 注意语句结构 if [path] =~ "MethodServer" { #z这里的=~是匹配正则表达式 grok { patterns_dir => ["/opt/logstash-2.3.1/patterns"] #自定义正则匹配 # Tue 4/12/16 14:24:17: TP-Processor2: hirecode---->77LS match => { "message" => "%{DAY:log_weekday} %{DATE_US:log_date} %{TIME:log_time}: %{GREEDYDATA:log_data}"} } #mutage是做转换用的 mutate { replace => { "type" => "apache" } #替换属性值 convert => { #类型转换 "bytes" => "integer" #例如还有float "duration" => "integer" "state" => "integer" } #date主要是用来处理文件内容中的日期的。内容中读取的是字符串，通过date将它转换为@timestamp。参考https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/logstash/current/plugins-filters-date.html#plugins-filters-date-match # date { # match => [ "logTime" , "dd/MMM/yyyy:HH:mm:ss Z" ] # } }else if [type] in [‘tbg_qas‘,‘mbg_pre‘] { # if ... else if ... else if ... else结构 }else { drop{} # 将event丢弃 } } output { stdout{ codec=>rubydebug} # 直接输出，调试用起来方便 # 输出到redis redis { host => ‘10.120.20.208‘ data_type => ‘list‘ key => ‘10.99.201.34:access_log_2016-04‘ } # 输出到ES elasticsearch { hosts =>"192.168.0.15:9200" index => "%{sysid}_%{type}" document_type => "%{daytag}" } }
下面是两个真实的例子，第一个是从应用到redis，第二个是从redis到ES。
input { file { type => "log_raw_data" path => "/apphome/ptc/Windchill_10.0/Windchill/logs/gc/*GC.log" start_position => end sincedb_path => "/opt/logstash-2.3.1/sincedb_path/log_progress" # ignore_older => 604800 add_field => {"sysid"=>"tbg_qas"} } file { type => "log_raw_data" path => ["/apphome/ptc/Windchill_10.0/Windchill/logs/*MethodServer*.log","/apphome/ptc/Windchill_10.0/Windchill/logs/ServerManager-*.log"] start_position => end sincedb_path => "/opt/logstash-2.3.1/sincedb_path/log_progress" # ignore_older => 604800 add_field => {"sysid"=>"tbg_qas"} close_older => 60 codec => multiline { # patterns_dir => ["D:/app/logstash-2.3.1/patterns"] pattern => "^%{DAY} %{DATESTAMP}:" negate => true what => "previous" # auto_flush_interval => 20 } } } output { # stdout{ codec=>rubydebug} redis { host => ‘10.120.20.208‘ data_type => ‘list‘ key => ‘log_raw_data‘ } redis { host => ‘10.120.31.142‘ data_type => ‘list‘ key => ‘log_raw_data‘ } }
input { redis { host => "localhost" data_type => "list" port => "6379" key => "log_raw_data" type => "redis-input" } } filter{ ruby { code => "event[‘daytag‘] = event.timestamp.time.localtime.strftime(‘%Y-%m-%d‘)" } if [path] =~ "access" { grok { match => { "message" => "%{IPORHOST:clientip} %{HTTPDUSER:ident} %{USER:username} \[%{HTTPDATE:logtime}\] \"%{WORD:verb} %{NOTSPACE:request} (?:%{NOTSPACE:httpversion}|)\" (?:%{NUMBER:state}|-) (?:%{NUMBER:bytes}|-) %{NUMBER:duration}"} } mutate { replace => { "type" => "apache" } convert => { "bytes" => "integer" "duration" => "integer" "state" => "integer" } } date { match => [ "logtime" , "dd/MMM/yyyy:HH:mm:ss Z" ] } }else if [path] =~ ".*ServerManager.*GC\.log" { if [message] =~ "\[Full GC" { grok { match => {"message" => "%{TIMESTAMP_ISO8601:logtime}: %{GREEDYDATA:gcdetail} \[Times: user=%{BASE10NUM:usertime} sys=%{BASE10NUM:systime}, real=%{BASE10NUM:realtime} secs\]"} } date { match => ["logtime" , "yyyy-MM-dd‘T‘HH:mm:ss.SSS‘+0800‘"] } }else if [message] =~ "\[GC" { grok { match => {"message" => "%{TIMESTAMP_ISO8601:logtime}: %{GREEDYDATA:gcdetail} \[Times: user=%{BASE10NUM:usertime} sys=%{BASE10NUM:systime}, real=%{BASE10NUM:realtime} secs\]"} } date { match => ["logtime" , "yyyy-MM-dd‘T‘HH:mm:ss.SSS‘+0800‘"] } }else{ drop {} } mutate { replace => {"type" => "smgc" } convert => { "usertime" => "float" "systime" => "float" "realtime" => "float" } } }else if [path] =~ ".*MethodServer.*GC\.log" { if [message] =~ "\[Full GC" { grok { match => {"message" => "%{TIMESTAMP_ISO8601:logtime}: %{GREEDYDATA:gcdetail} \[Times: user=%{BASE10NUM:usertime} sys=%{BASE10NUM:systime}, real=%{BASE10NUM:realtime} secs\]"} } date { match => ["logtime" , "yyyy-MM-dd‘T‘HH:mm:ss.SSS‘+0800‘"] } }else if [message] =~ "\[GC" { grok { match => {"message" => "%{TIMESTAMP_ISO8601:logtime}: %{GREEDYDATA:gcdetail} \[Times: user=%{BASE10NUM:usertime} sys=%{BASE10NUM:systime}, real=%{BASE10NUM:realtime} secs\]"} } date { match => ["logtime" , "yyyy-MM-dd‘T‘HH:mm:ss.SSS‘+0800‘"] } }else{ drop {} } mutate { replace => {"type" => "msgc" } convert => { "usertime" => "float" "systime" => "float" "realtime" => "float" } } }else if [path] =~ "MethodServer" { grok { match => { "message" => "%{DAY:weekday} %{DATESTAMP:logtime}: %{GREEDYDATA:logdata}"} } date { match => [ "logtime" , "M/d/yy HH:mm:ss" ] } mutate { replace => { "type" => "ms" } } }else if [path] =~ "ServerManager" { grok { match => { "message" => "%{DAY:weekday} %{DATESTAMP:logtime}: %{GREEDYDATA:logdata}"} } date { match => [ "logtime" , "M/d/yy HH:mm:ss" ] } mutate { replace => { "type" => "sm" } } }else if [path] =~ "Process_Archive" { grok { patterns_dir => ["/opt/logstash-2.3.1/patterns"] match => { "message" => "%{PROCESS_DATETIME:logtime} %{GREEDYDATA:logdata}"} } date { match => [ "logtime" , "yyyy MMM dd HH:mm:ss:SSS ‘GMT +8‘" ] } mutate { replace => { "type" => "prc_arc" } } }else if [path] =~ "ESISAPAdapterConfiguration" { grok { patterns_dir => ["/opt/logstash-2.3.1/patterns"] match => { "message" => "%{PROCESS_DATETIME:logtime} %{GREEDYDATA:logdata}"} } date { match => [ "logtime" , "yyyy MMM dd HH:mm:ss:SSS ‘GMT +8‘" ] } mutate { replace => { "type" => "esi_adp" } } }else if [path] =~ "LenovoAdapterConfiguration" { grok { patterns_dir => ["/opt/logstash-2.3.1/patterns"] match => { "message" => "%{PROCESS_DATETIME:logtime} %{GREEDYDATA:logdata}"} } date { match => [ "logtime" , "yyyy MMM dd HH:mm:ss:SSS ‘GMT +8‘" ] } mutate { replace => { "type" => "le_adp" } } }else { mutate { replace => { "type" => "other" } } # drop {} } # extractnumbers { # source => "duration" # } } output { # stdout{ codec=>rubydebug} elasticsearch { hosts =>"192.168.0.15:9200" index => "%{sysid}_%{type}" document_type => "%{daytag}" } }
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