组合模式
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使用场景:将对象组合成树形结构以表示“部分-整体”的层次结构,组合模式使得用户对单个对象和组合对象的使用具有一致性。
例子:比如一个集团公司,它有一个母公司,下设很多家子公司。不管是母公司还是子公司,都有各自直属的财务部、人力资源部、销售部等。对于母公司来说,不论是子公司,还是直属的财务部、人力资源部,都是它的部门。整个公司的部门拓扑图就是一个树形结构。
class Company { public: Company(string name) { m_name = name; } virtual ~Company(){} virtual void Add(Company *pCom){} virtual void Show(int depth) {} protected: string m_name; }; //具体公司 class ConcreteCompany : public Company { public: ConcreteCompany(string name): Company(name) {} virtual ~ConcreteCompany() {} void Add(Company *pCom) { m_listCompany.push_back(pCom); } //位于树的中间,可以增加子树 void Show(int depth) { for(int i = 0;i < depth; i++) cout<<"-"; cout<<m_name<<endl; list<Company *>::iterator iter=m_listCompany.begin(); for(; iter != m_listCompany.end(); iter++) //显示下层结点 (*iter)->Show(depth + 2); } private: list<Company *> m_listCompany; }; //具体的部门,财务部 class FinanceDepartment : public Company { public: FinanceDepartment(string name):Company(name){} virtual ~FinanceDepartment() {} virtual void Show(int depth) //只需显示,无限添加函数,因为已是叶结点 { for(int i = 0; i < depth; i++) cout<<"-"; cout<<m_name<<endl; } }; //具体的部门,人力资源部 class HRDepartment :public Company { public: HRDepartment(string name):Company(name){} virtual ~HRDepartment() {} virtual void Show(int depth) //只需显示,无限添加函数,因为已是叶结点 { for(int i = 0; i < depth; i++) cout<<"-"; cout<<m_name<<endl; } };
使用:
int main() { Company *root = new ConcreteCompany("总公司"); Company *leaf1=new FinanceDepartment("财务部"); Company *leaf2=new HRDepartment("人力资源部"); root->Add(leaf1); root->Add(leaf2); //分公司A Company *mid1 = new ConcreteCompany("分公司A"); Company *leaf3=new FinanceDepartment("财务部"); Company *leaf4=new HRDepartment("人力资源部"); mid1->Add(leaf3); mid1->Add(leaf4); root->Add(mid1); //分公司B Company *mid2=new ConcreteCompany("分公司B"); FinanceDepartment *leaf5=new FinanceDepartment("财务部"); HRDepartment *leaf6=new HRDepartment("人力资源部"); mid2->Add(leaf5); mid2->Add(leaf6); root->Add(mid2); root->Show(0); delete leaf1; delete leaf2; delete leaf3; delete leaf4; delete leaf5; delete leaf6; delete mid1; delete mid2; delete root; return 0; }
参考:https://blog.csdn.net/wuzhekai1985/article/details/6667564
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