认识dataguard
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主库 ************************************************* 开启归档 ************************************************* SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1=‘LOCATION=+FRA‘ valid_for=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)‘ scope=both; 设置归档路径 SQL> shutdown immediate --所有节点 SQL> startup mount --第一节点 SQL> alter database archivelog; SQL> alter database open; SQL> startup --其他节点 ************************************************* 开启强制记录日志 ************************************************* select log_mode,FORCE_LOGGING from v$database; alter database force logging; SQL> select log_mode,FORCE_LOGGING from v$database; LOG_MODE FOR ------------ --- ARCHIVELOG YES ************************************************* 主库参数设置 ************************************************* alter system set db_unique_name=‘rac‘ scope=spfile; alter system set log_archive_config=‘dg_config=(rac,rac_dg)‘ scope=both; alter system set log_archive_dest_1=‘location=+FRA valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=rac‘ scope=both; alter system set log_archive_dest_2=‘service=rac_sbdb lgwr async compression=enable valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=rac_dg‘ scope=both; alter system set log_archive_dest_state_1=enable scope=both; alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2=enable scope=both; alter system set standby_file_management=auto scope=both; ************************************************* 主库文件备份 ************************************************* $ rman target / run{ allocate channel c0 type disk; allocate channel c1 type disk; backup database filesperset 3 format ‘/rman/prod_full_%U‘; sql ‘alter system archive log current‘; backup archivelog all format ‘/rman/prod_arch_%U‘; release channel c0; release channel c1; } 生成备库控制文件： SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as ‘/rman/prod_for_standby.ctl‘; 生成备库参数文件： SQL> create pfile=‘/rman/prod.ora‘ from spfile; 备份密码文件(10g/11g)： ls -ltr $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw* 如果不存在密码文件则创建： orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw< SID>.ora password=<xxxx> entries=5 复制密码文件至其他所有节点，包括RAC环境下主库的其他节点。 [[email protected] rman]$ scp ./* 192.168.8.220:/rman/ 备库 ************************************************* 备库参数修改 ************************************************* $ cp prod.ora sbdb.ora 编辑参数文件 $ vi sbdb.ora *.__db_cache_size=377487360 *.__java_pool_size=4194304 *.__large_pool_size=8388608 *.__oracle_base=‘/u01/app/oracle‘#ORACLE_BASE set from environment *.__pga_aggregate_target=209715200 *.__sga_target=624951296 *.__shared_io_pool_size=0 *.__shared_pool_size=222298112 *.__streams_pool_size=0 *.audit_file_dest=‘/u01/app/oracle/admin/rac/adump‘ *.audit_trail=‘db‘ *.compatible=‘11.2.0.4.0‘ *.control_files=‘/oradata/control01.ctl‘ *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_create_file_dest=‘/oradata‘ *.db_domain=‘‘ *.db_name=‘rac‘ *.db_unique_name=‘rac1‘ *.diagnostic_dest=‘/u01/app/oracle‘ *.dispatchers=‘(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=racXDB)‘ *.log_archive_config=‘dg_config=(rac,rac_dg)‘ *.log_archive_dest_1=‘location=/arch valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=rac‘ *.log_archive_dest_2=‘service=rac_prod lgwr async compression=enable valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=rac‘ *.log_archive_dest_state_1=‘ENABLE‘ *.log_archive_format=‘%t_%s_%r.dbf‘ *.open_cursors=300 *.pga_aggregate_target=207618048 *.processes=150 *.remote_login_passwordfile=‘exclusive‘ *.sga_target=624951296 *.standby_file_management=‘AUTO‘ 建立ADUMP # mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/rac/adump # chown oracle:oinstall adump 配置SPFILE文件 SQL> create spfile=‘/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/spfilerac.ora‘ from pfile=‘/rman/sbdb.ora‘; ************************************************* 备库取回控制文件 ************************************************* RMAN> restore controlfile from ‘/rman/prod_for_standby.ctl‘; RMAN> alter database mount; 禁用BCT 为防止BCT文件重复覆盖，在临时环境执行下列脚本： SQL> alter database disable block change tracking; ************************************************* 备库恢复数据文件 ************************************************* $ rman target / RMAN> catalog start with ‘/rman‘ 使用RMAN恢复数据文件 文件系统示例： run{ allocate channel c0 type disk; allocate channel c1 type disk; set newname for datafile 1 to ‘/oradata/system‘; set newname for datafile 2 to ‘/oradata/sysaux‘; set newname for datafile 3 to ‘/oradata/undotbs1‘; set newname for datafile 4 to ‘/oradata/undotbs2‘; set newname for datafile 5 to ‘/oradata/users‘; set newname for tempfile 1 to ‘/oradata/temp‘; restore database; switch datafile all; switch tempfile all; release channel c0; release channel c1; } exit; ************************************************* 字符串配置 ************************************************* 在主和备所有节点配置TNS连接串，使用SCAN-IP，配置UR=A选项 # su - oracle $ vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora rac_prod = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.8.201)(PORT = 1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.8.203)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = rac) ) ) rac_sbdb = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.8.220)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME =rac_dg) ) ) 在主备环境所有节点测试： # su - oracle $ sqlplus sys/[email protected]_prod as sysdba $ sqlplus sys/[email protected]_sbdb as sysdba ************************************************* 备库应用日志 ************************************************* 启动归档应用进程 alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session; 观察归档日志应用的情况，当归档日志已经应用结束后。 停止归档日志应用进程 alter database recover managed standby database cancel; 启动数据库至OPEN状态 alter database open read only; 再次启动归档应用进程 alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session; 查看目标数据库状态 select open_mode from v$database; 验证阶段 SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel; Database altered. SQL> alter database open; Database altered. SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session; Database altered. SQL> select open_mode from v$database; OPEN_MODE -------------------- READ ONLY WITH APPLY SQL> select * from v$logfile; GROUP# STATUS TYPE MEMBER IS_ ---------- ------- ------- ------------------------------------------------------------ --- 1 ONLINE /oradata/RAC_DG/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_fpggr8hh_.log NO 2 ONLINE /oradata/RAC_DG/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_fpggr919_.log NO 3 ONLINE /oradata/RAC_DG/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_fpggr9n3_.log NO 4 ONLINE /oradata/RAC_DG/onlinelog/o1_mf_4_fpggrb4l_.log NO SQL> select * from v$log; GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ------------------ ------------ ------------------ 1 1 149 52428800 512 1 YES CURRENT 4551681 05-AUG-18 4551575 05-AUG-18 2 1 148 52428800 512 1 YES CLEARING 4551575 05-AUG-18 4551681 05-AUG-18 3 2 85 52428800 512 1 YES CURRENT 4551742 05-AUG-18 4550125 05-AUG-18 4 2 84 52428800 512 1 YES CLEARING 4550125 05-AUG-18 4551742 05-AUG-18 切换日志之后 SQL> select * from v$log; GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ------------------ ------------ ------------------ 1 1 149 52428800 512 1 YES CURRENT 4551681 05-AUG-18 4551575 05-AUG-18 2 1 148 52428800 512 1 YES CLEARING 4551575 05-AUG-18 4551681 05-AUG-18 3 2 85 52428800 512 1 YES CLEARING 4551742 05-AUG-18 4586661 05-AUG-18 4 2 86 52428800 512 1 YES CURRENT 4586661 05-AUG-18 4551742 05-AUG-18 SQL> select * from v$standby_log; no rows selected SQL> archive log list; Database log mode Archive Mode Automatic archival Enabled Archive destination ?/dbs/arch Oldest online log sequence 148 Next log sequence to archive 0 Current log sequence 149 SQL> show parameter archive SQL> select count(*) from test; COUNT(*) ---------- 126304 SQL> delete test where rownum <2000; 1999 rows deleted. SQL> commit; Commit complete. SQL> select count(*) from test; COUNT(*) ---------- 126304 SQL> / COUNT(*) ---------- 126304 SQL> / COUNT(*) ---------- 126304 Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 163 (in transit) Mon Aug 06 06:06:25 2018 Archived Log entry 37 added for thread 1 sequence 163 rlc 982413589 ID 0x99358fd5 dest 2: RFS[1]: No standby redo logfiles created RFS[1]: Opened log for thread 1 sequence 164 dbid -1724571691 branch 982413589 Mon Aug 06 06:06:28 2018 Media Recovery Log /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/arch1_163_982413589.dbf Media Recovery Log /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/arch2_97_982413589.dbf Media Recovery Waiting for thread 2 sequence 98 (in transit) Mon Aug 06 06:08:12 2018 Archived Log entry 38 added for thread 1 sequence 164 rlc 982413589 ID 0x99358fd5 dest 2: RFS[1]: No standby redo logfiles created RFS[1]: Opened log for thread 1 sequence 165 dbid -1724571691 branch 982413589 Mon Aug 06 06:09:15 2018 Archived Log entry 39 added for thread 1 sequence 165 rlc 982413589 ID 0x99358fd5 dest 2: RFS[1]: No standby redo logfiles created RFS[1]: Opened log for thread 1 sequence 166 dbid -1724571691 branch 982413589 Mon Aug 06 06:09:17 2018 Archived Log entry 40 added for thread 2 sequence 98 rlc 982413589 ID 0x99358fd5 dest 2: RFS[3]: No standby redo logfiles created RFS[3]: Opened log for thread 2 sequence 99 dbid -1724571691 branch 982413589 推测主库生成的归档文件通过rfs进程推送到备库指定的目录下，备库采用media recovery进行数据恢复。 alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 5 (‘/oradata/stby_redo05.log‘) size 100m; alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 6 (‘/oradata/stby_redo06.log‘) size 100m; alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 7 (‘/oradata/stby_redo07.log‘) size 100m; alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 9 (‘/oradata/stby_redo09.log‘) size 100m; alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 10 (‘/oradata/stby_redo10.log‘) size 100m; alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 11 (‘/oradata/stby_redo11.log‘) size 100m; alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session; 事务提交之后在备库就能查询到。 Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 171 (in transit) Completed: alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session Mon Aug 06 07:07:17 2018 Archived Log entry 48 added for thread 1 sequence 171 rlc 982413589 ID 0x99358fd5 dest 2: RFS[2]: Selected log 5 for thread 1 sequence 172 dbid -1724571691 branch 982413589 Mon Aug 06 07:07:18 2018 Media Recovery Log /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/arch1_171_982413589.dbf Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 172 (in transit) Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 5 Seq 172 Reading mem 0 Mem# 0: /oradata/stby_redo05.log ---------- ------- ------- -------------------------------------------------- --- 1 ONLINE /oradata/RAC_DG/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_fpggr8hh_.log NO 2 ONLINE /oradata/RAC_DG/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_fpggr919_.log NO 3 ONLINE /oradata/RAC_DG/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_fpggr9n3_.log NO 4 ONLINE /oradata/RAC_DG/onlinelog/o1_mf_4_fpggrb4l_.log NO 5 STANDBY /oradata/stby_redo05.log NO 6 STANDBY /oradata/stby_redo06.log NO 7 STANDBY /oradata/stby_redo07.log NO 9 STANDBY /oradata/stby_redo09.log NO 10 STANDBY /oradata/stby_redo10.log NO 11 STANDBY /oradata/stby_redo11.log NO 10 rows selected. SQL> select * from v$log; GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ------------------ ------------ ------------------ 1 1 171 52428800 512 1 YES CLEARING 4597081 05-AUG-18 4605630 05-AUG-18 2 1 172 52428800 512 1 YES CURRENT 4605630 05-AUG-18 2.8147E+14 3 2 99 52428800 512 1 YES CLEARING 4592512 05-AUG-18 4590991 05-AUG-18 4 2 100 52428800 512 1 YES CURRENT 4595584 05-AUG-18 4592512 05-AUG-18 SQL> select * from v$standby_log; GROUP# DBID THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE USED ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME LAST_CHANGE# LAST_TIME ---------- ---------------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------- ------------- ------------------ ------------ ------------------ ------------ ------------------ 5 2570395605 1 172 104857600 512 2567168 YES ACTIVE 4605630 05-AUG-18 4606147 05-AUG-18 6 UNASSIGNED 1 0 104857600 512 0 YES UNASSIGNED 7 UNASSIGNED 1 0 104857600 512 0 YES UNASSIGNED 9 UNASSIGNED 2 0 104857600 512 0 YES UNASSIGNED 10 UNASSIGNED 2 0 104857600 512 0 YES UNASSIGNED 11 UNASSIGNED 2 0 104857600 512 0 YES UNASSIGNED 6 rows selected. 在这种模式下，备库不等归档文件传输过来，就已经将事务同步过来。感觉这里的传输归档和备库的没啥太大关系。 &&&&&&&&&&&&&& 为啥归档路径不对呢？
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