CentOS 搭建Graylog集群详解

Posted 2020-10-09

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1. Graylog2 简介

　　Graylog 是一个简单易用、功能较全面的日志管理工具，相比 ELK 组合，优点：

- 部署维护简单，一体化解决方案，不像ELK三个独立系统集成。
- 查相比ES json语法，搜索语法更加简单，如 source:mongo AND reponse_time_ms:>5000。
- 内置简单的告警。
- 可以将搜索条件导出为 json格式文本，方便开发调用ES rest api搜索脚本。
- 自己开发采集日志的脚本，并用curl/nc发送到Graylog Server，发送格式是自定义的GELF，Flunted和Logstash都有相应的输出GELF消息的插件。自己开发带来很大的自由度。实际上只需要用inotifywait监控日志的modify事件，并把日志的新增行用curl/netcat发送到Graylog Server就可。
- UI 比较友好，搜索结果高亮显示。

　　当然，在拓展性上，graylog还是不如ELK。

　　Graylog整体组成：

- Graylog提供 graylog 对外接口， CPU 密集
- Elasticsearch 日志文件的持久化存储和检索， IO 密集
- MongoDB 存储一些 Graylog 的配置

2. Graylog架构

　　单server架构 :

　　技术分享

　　Graylog集群架构 :

　　技术分享

3. Graylog安装

　　这里我搭建的是集群方案，但是将ES与Graylog和MongoDB部署在同一台server上。

　　① 前提条件：

$ sudo yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86_64
$ sed -i ‘s/^SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/‘ /etc/selinux/config
$ setenforce 0

#安装pwgen
$ sudo yum install epel-release
$ sudo yum install pwgen

　　② MongoDB安装：

　　创建/etc/yum.repos.d/mongodb-org-3.2.repo文件，添加如下内容：

[mongodb-org-3.2]
name=MongoDB Repository
baseurl=https://repo.mongodb.org/yum/redhat/$releasever/mongodb-org/3.2/x86_64/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://www.mongodb.org/static/pgp/server-3.2.asc

　　安装MongoDB：

sudo yum install mongodb-org

　　启动服务：

$ sudo chkconfig --add mongod
$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
$ sudo systemctl enable mongod.service
$ sudo systemctl start mongod.service

　　③Elasticsearch安装：

　　Graylog 2.3.x 支持 Elasticsearch 5.x版本。

　　首先安装Elastic GPG key以及repository文件，然后yum安装：

$ rpm --import https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch

$ cat /etc/yum.repos.d/elasticsearch.repo
[elasticsearch-5.x]
name=Elasticsearch repository for 5.x packages
baseurl=https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/5.x/yum
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch
enabled=1
autorefresh=1
type=rpm-md

$ sudo yum install elasticsearch

　　编辑Elasticsearch配置文件/etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml，添加cluster信息：

# cat /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml 
# ======================== Elasticsearch Configuration =========================
#
# NOTE: Elasticsearch comes with reasonable defaults for most settings.
#       Before you set out to tweak and tune the configuration, make sure you
#       understand what are you trying to accomplish and the consequences.
#
# The primary way of configuring a node is via this file. This template lists
# the most important settings you may want to configure for a production cluster.
#
# Please consult the documentation for further information on configuration options:
# https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/index.html
#
# ---------------------------------- Cluster -----------------------------------
#
# Use a descriptive name for your cluster:
#
cluster.name: graylog
#
# ------------------------------------ Node ------------------------------------
#
# Use a descriptive name for the node:
#
node.name: shop-log-02
#
# Add custom attributes to the node:
#
#node.attr.rack: r1
#
# ----------------------------------- Paths ------------------------------------
#
# Path to directory where to store the data (separate multiple locations by comma):
#
path.data: /data/elasticsearch/db
#
# Path to log files:
#
path.logs: /data/elasticsearch/logs
#
# ----------------------------------- Memory -----------------------------------
#
# Lock the memory on startup:
#
#bootstrap.memory_lock: true
#
# Make sure that the heap size is set to about half the memory available
# on the system and that the owner of the process is allowed to use this
# limit.
#
# Elasticsearch performs poorly when the system is swapping the memory.
#
# ---------------------------------- Network -----------------------------------
#
# Set the bind address to a specific IP (IPv4 or IPv6):
#
network.host: 10.2.2.42
#
# Set a custom port for HTTP:
#
http.port: 9200
#
# For more information, consult the network module documentation.
#
# --------------------------------- Discovery ----------------------------------
#
# Pass an initial list of hosts to perform discovery when new node is started:
# The default list of hosts is ["127.0.0.1", "[::1]"]
#
# 这里给其他两个节点的地址
discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["10.2.2.41", "10.2.2.43"]
#
# Prevent the "split brain" by configuring the majority of nodes (total number of master-eligible nodes / 2 + 1):
#
discovery.zen.minimum_master_nodes: 2
#
# For more information, consult the zen discovery module documentation.
#
# ---------------------------------- Gateway -----------------------------------
#
# Block initial recovery after a full cluster restart until N nodes are started:
#
#gateway.recover_after_nodes: 3
#
# For more information, consult the gateway module documentation.
#
# ---------------------------------- Various -----------------------------------
#
# Require explicit names when deleting indices:
#
#action.destructive_requires_name: true
http.cors.enabled: true
http.cors.allow-origin: "*"

elasticsearch.yml

　　启动Elasticsearch服务：

$ sudo chkconfig --add elasticsearch
$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
$ sudo systemctl enable elasticsearch.service
$ sudo systemctl restart elasticsearch.service

　　④Graylog安装

$ sudo rpm -Uvh https://packages.graylog2.org/repo/packages/graylog-2.3-repository_latest.rpm
$ sudo yum install graylog-server

　　编辑graylog配置文件 /etc/graylog/server/server.conf，添加 password_secret和 password_secret_sha2(必须)

　　可以使用 echo -n yourpassword | sha256sum 命令来生成 password_secret_sha2。

　　设置rest_listen_uri以及web_listen_uri为公共ip或公共hostname，以便连接graylog。

  1 # cat /etc/graylog/server/server.conf
  2 ############################
  3 # GRAYLOG CONFIGURATION FILE
  4 ############################
  5 #
  6 # This is the Graylog configuration file. The file has to use ISO 8859-1/Latin-1 character encoding.
  7 # Characters that cannot be directly represented in this encoding can be written using Unicode escapes
  8 # as defined in https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jls/se8/html/jls-3.html#jls-3.3, using the \\u prefix.
  9 # For example, \\u002c.
 10 # 
 11 # * Entries are generally expected to be a single line of the form, one of the following:
 12 #
 13 # propertyName=propertyValue
 14 # propertyName:propertyValue
 15 #
 16 # * White space that appears between the property name and property value is ignored,
 17 #   so the following are equivalent:
 18 # 
 19 # name=Stephen
 20 # name = Stephen
 21 #
 22 # * White space at the beginning of the line is also ignored.
 23 #
 24 # * Lines that start with the comment characters ! or # are ignored. Blank lines are also ignored.
 25 #
 26 # * The property value is generally terminated by the end of the line. White space following the
 27 #   property value is not ignored, and is treated as part of the property value.
 28 #
 29 # * A property value can span several lines if each line is terminated by a backslash (鈥榎鈥 character.
 30 #   For example:
 31 #
 32 # targetCities= 33 #         Detroit, 34 #         Chicago, 35 #         Los Angeles
 36 #
 37 #   This is equivalent to targetCities=Detroit,Chicago,Los Angeles (white space at the beginning of lines is ignored).
 38 # 
 39 # * The characters newline, carriage return, and tab can be inserted with characters \\n, \\r, and \\t, respectively.
 40 # 
 41 # * The backslash character must be escaped as a double backslash. For example:
 42 # 
 43 # path=c:\\\\docs\\\\doc1
 44 #
 45 
 46 # If you are running more than one instances of Graylog server you have to select one of these
 47 # instances as master. The master will perform some periodical tasks that non-masters won‘t perform.
 48 is_master = false
 49 
 50 # The auto-generated node ID will be stored in this file and read after restarts. It is a good idea
 51 # to use an absolute file path here if you are starting Graylog server from init scripts or similar.
 52 node_id_file = /etc/graylog/server/node-id
 53 
 54 # You MUST set a secret to secure/pepper the stored user passwords here. Use at least 64 characters.
 55 # Generate one by using for example: pwgen -N 1 -s 96
 56 password_secret = BjwAAuTEWDQNtAKhUL5lQ3TvW41saWseKpRdTSrecBFifsCJDXak4fudnACBcaMyl0I4yzJDF801Kyasdfsdfasdfasdfasd
 57 
 58 # The default root user is named ‘admin‘
 59 root_username = admin
 60 
 61 # You MUST specify a hash password for the root user (which you only need to initially set up the
 62 # system and in case you lose connectivity to your authentication backend)
 63 # This password cannot be changed using the API or via the web interface. If you need to change it,
 64 # modify it in this file.
 65 # Create one by using for example: echo -n yourpassword | shasum -a 256
 66 # and put the resulting hash value into the following line
 67 root_password_sha2 = 926c00b3f65df24b65a9a7b58a989add920c81441dccd2
 68 dsfasdfasdf
 69 # The email address of the root user.
 70 # Default is empty
 71 #root_email = ""
 72 
 73 # The time zone setting of the root user. See http://www.joda.org/joda-time/timezones.html for a list of valid time zones.
 74 # Default is UTC
 75 root_timezone = Asia/Shanghai
 76 
 77 # Set plugin directory here (relative or absolute)
 78 plugin_dir = /usr/share/graylog-server/plugin
 79 
 80 # REST API listen URI. Must be reachable by other Graylog server nodes if you run a cluster.
 81 # When using Graylog Collectors, this URI will be used to receive heartbeat messages and must be accessible for all collectors.
 82 rest_listen_uri = http://10.2.2.42:9000/api/
 83 
 84 # REST API transport address. Defaults to the value of rest_listen_uri. Exception: If rest_listen_uri
 85 # is set to a wildcard IP address (0.0.0.0) the first non-loopback IPv4 system address is used.
 86 # If set, this will be promoted in the cluster discovery APIs, so other nodes may try to connect on
 87 # this address and it is used to generate URLs addressing entities in the REST API. (see rest_listen_uri)
 88 # You will need to define this, if your Graylog server is running behind a HTTP proxy that is rewriting
 89 # the scheme, host name or URI.
 90 # This must not contain a wildcard address (0.0.0.0).
 91 rest_transport_uri = http://10.2.2.42:9000/api/
 92 
 93 # Enable CORS headers for REST API. This is necessary for JS-clients accessing the server directly.
 94 # If these are disabled, modern browsers will not be able to retrieve resources from the server.
 95 # This is enabled by default. Uncomment the next line to disable it.
 96 #rest_enable_cors = false
 97 
 98 # Enable GZIP support for REST API. This compresses API responses and therefore helps to reduce
 99 # overall round trip times. This is enabled by default. Uncomment the next line to disable it.
100 #rest_enable_gzip = false
101 
102 # Enable HTTPS support for the REST API. This secures the communication with the REST API with
103 # TLS to prevent request forgery and eavesdropping. This is disabled by default. Uncomment the
104 # next line to enable it.
105 #rest_enable_tls = true
106 
107 # The X.509 certificate chain file in PEM format to use for securing the REST API.
108 #rest_tls_cert_file = /path/to/graylog.crt
109 
110 # The PKCS#8 private key file in PEM format to use for securing the REST API.
111 #rest_tls_key_file = /path/to/graylog.key
112 
113 # The password to unlock the private key used for securing the REST API.
114 #rest_tls_key_password = secret
115 
116 # The maximum size of the HTTP request headers in bytes.
117 #rest_max_header_size = 8192
118 
119 # The maximal length of the initial HTTP/1.1 line in bytes.
120 #rest_max_initial_line_length = 4096
121 
122 # The size of the thread pool used exclusively for serving the REST API.
123 #rest_thread_pool_size = 16
124 
125 # Comma separated list of trusted proxies that are allowed to set the client address with X-Forwarded-For
126 # header. May be subnets, or hosts.
127 #trusted_proxies = 127.0.0.1/32, 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1/128
128 
129 # Enable the embedded Graylog web interface.
130 # Default: true
131 web_enable = true
132 
133 # Web interface listen URI.
134 # Configuring a path for the URI here effectively prefixes all URIs in the web interface. This is a replacement
135 # for the application.context configuration parameter in pre-2.0 versions of the Graylog web interface.
136 web_listen_uri = http://10.2.2.42:9000/
137 
138 # Web interface endpoint URI. This setting can be overriden on a per-request basis with the X-Graylog-Server-URL header.
139 # Default: $rest_transport_uri
140 web_endpoint_uri = http://42.111.111.111:9000/api
141 
142 # Enable CORS headers for the web interface. This is necessary for JS-clients accessing the server directly.
143 # If these are disabled, modern browsers will not be able to retrieve resources from the server.
144 web_enable_cors = true
145 
146 # Enable/disable GZIP support for the web interface. This compresses HTTP responses and therefore helps to reduce
147 # overall round trip times. This is enabled by default. Uncomment the next line to disable it.
148 #web_enable_gzip = false
149 
150 # Enable HTTPS support for the web interface. This secures the communication of the web browser with the web interface
151 # using TLS to prevent request forgery and eavesdropping.
152 # This is disabled by default. Uncomment the next line to enable it and see the other related configuration settings.
153 #web_enable_tls = true
154 
155 # The X.509 certificate chain file in PEM format to use for securing the web interface.
156 #web_tls_cert_file = /path/to/graylog-web.crt
157 
158 # The PKCS#8 private key file in PEM format to use for securing the web interface.
159 #web_tls_key_file = /path/to/graylog-web.key
160 
161 # The password to unlock the private key used for securing the web interface.
162 #web_tls_key_password = secret
163 
164 # The maximum size of the HTTP request headers in bytes.
165 #web_max_header_size = 8192
166 
167 # The maximal length of the initial HTTP/1.1 line in bytes.
168 #web_max_initial_line_length = 4096
169 
170 # The size of the thread pool used exclusively for serving the web interface.
171 #web_thread_pool_size = 16
172 
173 # List of Elasticsearch hosts Graylog should connect to.
174 # Need to be specified as a comma-separated list of valid URIs for the http ports of your elasticsearch nodes.
175 # If one or more of your elasticsearch hosts require authentication, include the credentials in each node URI that
176 # requires authentication.
177 #
178 # Default: http://127.0.0.1:9200
179 elasticsearch_hosts = http://grayloguser:[email protected]:9200,http://grayloguser:[email protected]:9200,http://grayloguser:[email protected]:9200
180 
181 # Maximum amount of time to wait for successfull connection to Elasticsearch HTTP port.
182 #
183 # Default: 10 Seconds
184 #elasticsearch_connect_timeout = 10s
185 
186 # Maximum amount of time to wait for reading back a response from an Elasticsearch server.
187 #
188 # Default: 60 seconds
189 #elasticsearch_socket_timeout = 60s
190 
191 # Maximum idle time for an Elasticsearch connection. If this is exceeded, this connection will
192 # be tore down.
193 #
194 # Default: inf
195 #elasticsearch_idle_timeout = -1s
196 
197 # Maximum number of total connections to Elasticsearch.
198 #
199 # Default: 20
200 #elasticsearch_max_total_connections = 20
201 
202 # Maximum number of total connections per Elasticsearch route (normally this means per
203 # elasticsearch server).
204 #
205 # Default: 2
206 #elasticsearch_max_total_connections_per_route = 2
207 
208 # Maximum number of times Graylog will retry failed requests to Elasticsearch.
209 #
210 # Default: 2
211 #elasticsearch_max_retries = 2
212 
213 # Enable automatic Elasticsearch node discovery through Nodes Info,
214 # see https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.4/cluster-nodes-info.html
215 #
216 # WARNING: Automatic node discovery does not work if Elasticsearch requires authentication, e. g. with Shield.
217 #
218 # Default: false
219 #elasticsearch_discovery_enabled = true
220 
221 # Filter for including/excluding Elasticsearch nodes in discovery according to their custom attributes,
222 # see https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.4/cluster.html#cluster-nodes
223 #
224 # Default: empty
225 #elasticsearch_discovery_filter = rack:42
226 
227 # Frequency of the Elasticsearch node discovery.
228 #
229 # Default: 30s
230 # elasticsearch_discovery_frequency = 30s
231 
232 # Enable payload compression for Elasticsearch requests.
233 #
234 # Default: false
235 #elasticsearch_compression_enabled = true
236 
237 # Graylog will use multiple indices to store documents in. You can configured the strategy it uses to determine
238 # when to rotate the currently active write index.
239 # It supports multiple rotation strategies:
240 #   - "count" of messages per index, use elasticsearch_max_docs_per_index below to configure
241 #   - "size" per index, use elasticsearch_max_size_per_index below to configure
242 # valid values are "count", "size" and "time", default is "count"
243 #
244 # ATTENTION: These settings have been moved to the database in 2.0. When you upgrade, make sure to set these
245 #            to your previous 1.x settings so they will be migrated to the database!
246 rotation_strategy = count
247 
248 # (Approximate) maximum number of documents in an Elasticsearch index before a new index
249 # is being created, also see no_retention and elasticsearch_max_number_of_indices.
250 # Configure this if you used ‘rotation_strategy = count‘ above.
251 #
252 # ATTENTION: These settings have been moved to the database in 2.0. When you upgrade, make sure to set these
253 #            to your previous 1.x settings so they will be migrated to the database!
254 elasticsearch_max_docs_per_index = 20000000
255 
256 # (Approximate) maximum size in bytes per Elasticsearch index on disk before a new index is being created, also see
257 # no_retention and elasticsearch_max_number_of_indices. Default is 1GB.
258 # Configure this if you used ‘rotation_strategy = size‘ above.
259 #
260 # ATTENTION: These settings have been moved to the database in 2.0. When you upgrade, make sure to set these
261 #            to your previous 1.x settings so they will be migrated to the database!
262 #elasticsearch_max_size_per_index = 1073741824
263 
264 # (Approximate) maximum time before a new Elasticsearch index is being created, also see
265 # no_retention and elasticsearch_max_number_of_indices. Default is 1 day.
266 # Configure this if you used ‘rotation_strategy = time‘ above.
267 # Please note that this rotation period does not look at the time specified in the received messages, but is
268 # using the real clock value to decide when to rotate the index!
269 # Specify the time using a duration and a suffix indicating which unit you want:
270 #  1w  = 1 week
271 #  1d  = 1 day
272 #  12h = 12 hours
273 # Permitted suffixes are: d for day, h for hour, m for minute, s for second.
274 #
275 # ATTENTION: These settings have been moved to the database in 2.0. When you upgrade, make sure to set these
276 #            to your previous 1.x settings so they will be migrated to the database!
277 #elasticsearch_max_time_per_index = 1d
278 
279 # Disable checking the version of Elasticsearch for being compatible with this Graylog release.
280 # WARNING: Using Graylog with unsupported and untested versions of Elasticsearch may lead to data loss!
281 #elasticsearch_disable_version_check = true
282 
283 # Disable message retention on this node, i. e. disable Elasticsearch index rotation.
284 #no_retention = false
285 
286 # How many indices do you want to keep?
287 #
288 # ATTENTION: These settings have been moved to the database in 2.0. When you upgrade, make sure to set these
289 #            to your previous 1.x settings so they will be migrated to the database!
290 elasticsearch_max_number_of_indices = 20
291 
292 # Decide what happens with the oldest indices when the maximum number of indices is reached.
293 # The following strategies are availble:
294 #   - delete # Deletes the index completely (Default)
295 #   - close # Closes the index and hides it from the system. Can be re-opened later.
296 #
297 # ATTENTION: These settings have been moved to the database in 2.0. When you upgrade, make sure to set these
298 #            to your previous 1.x settings so they will be migrated to the database!
299 retention_strategy = delete
300 
301 # How many Elasticsearch shards and replicas should be used per index? Note that this only applies to newly created indices.
302 # ATTENTION: These settings have been moved to the database in Graylog 2.2.0. When you upgrade, make sure to set these
303 #            to your previous settings so they will be migrated to the database!
304 elasticsearch_shards = 3
305 elasticsearch_replicas = 1
306 
307 # Prefix for all Elasticsearch indices and index aliases managed by Graylog.
308 #
309 # ATTENTION: These settings have been moved to the database in Graylog 2.2.0. When you upgrade, make sure to set these
310 #            to your previous settings so they will be migrated to the database!
311 elasticsearch_index_prefix = graylog
312 
313 # Name of the Elasticsearch index template used by Graylog to apply the mandatory index mapping.
314 # Default: graylog-internal
315 #
316 # ATTENTION: These settings have been moved to the database in Graylog 2.2.0. When you upgrade, make sure to set these
317 #            to your previous settings so they will be migrated to the database!
318 #elasticsearch_template_name = graylog-internal
319 
320 # Do you want to allow searches with leading wildcards? This can be extremely resource hungry and should only
321 # be enabled with care. See also: http://docs.graylog.org/en/2.1/pages/queries.html
322 allow_leading_wildcard_searches = false
323 
324 # Do you want to allow searches to be highlighted? Depending on the size of your messages this can be memory hungry and
325 # should only be enabled after making sure your Elasticsearch cluster has enough memory.
326 allow_highlighting = true
327 
328 # Analyzer (tokenizer) to use for message and full_message field. The "standard" filter usually is a good idea.
329 # All supported analyzers are: standard, simple, whitespace, stop, keyword, pattern, language, snowball, custom
330 # Elasticsearch documentation: https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/2.3/analysis.html
331 # Note that this setting only takes effect on newly created indices.
332 #
333 # ATTENTION: These settings have been moved to the database in Graylog 2.2.0. When you upgrade, make sure to set these
334 #            to your previous settings so they will be migrated to the database!
335 elasticsearch_analyzer = standard
336 
337 # Global request timeout for Elasticsearch requests (e. g. during search, index creation, or index time-range
338 # calculations) based on a best-effort to restrict the runtime of Elasticsearch operations.
339 # Default: 1m
340 #elasticsearch_request_timeout = 1m
341 
342 # Global timeout for index optimization (force merge) requests.
343 # Default: 1h
344 #elasticsearch_index_optimization_timeout = 1h
345 
346 # Maximum number of concurrently running index optimization (force merge) jobs.
347 # If you are using lots of different index sets, you might want to increase that number.
348 # Default: 20
349 #elasticsearch_index_optimization_jobs = 20
350 
351 # Time interval for index range information cleanups. This setting defines how often stale index range information
352 # is being purged from the database.
353 # Default: 1h
354 #index_ranges_cleanup_interval = 1h
355 
356 # Batch size for the Elasticsearch output. This is the maximum (!) number of messages the Elasticsearch output
357 # module will get at once and write to Elasticsearch in a batch call. If the configured batch size has not been
358 # reached within output_flush_interval seconds, everything that is available will be flushed at once. Remember
359 # that every outputbuffer processor manages its own batch and performs its own batch write calls.
360 # ("outputbuffer_processors" variable)
361 output_batch_size = 500
362 
363 # Flush interval (in seconds) for the Elasticsearch output. This is the maximum amount of time between two
364 # batches of messages written to Elasticsearch. It is only effective at all if your minimum number of messages
365 # for this time period is less than output_batch_size * outputbuffer_processors.
366 output_flush_interval = 1
367 
368 # As stream outputs are loaded only on demand, an output which is failing to initialize will be tried over and
369 # over again. To prevent this, the following configuration options define after how many faults an output will
370 # not be tried again for an also configurable amount of seconds.
371 output_fault_count_threshold = 5
372 output_fault_penalty_seconds = 30
373 
374 # The number of parallel running processors.
375 # Raise this number if your buffers are filling up.
376 processbuffer_processors = 5
377 outputbuffer_processors = 3
378 
379 #outputbuffer_processor_keep_alive_time = 5000
380 #outputbuffer_processor_threads_core_pool_size = 3
381 #outputbuffer_processor_threads_max_pool_size = 30
382 
383 # UDP receive buffer size for all message inputs (e. g. SyslogUDPInput).
384 #udp_recvbuffer_sizes = 1048576
385 
386 # Wait strategy describing how buffer processors wait on a cursor sequence. (default: sleeping)
387 # Possible types:
388 #  - yielding
389 #     Compromise between performance and CPU usage.
390 #  - sleeping
391 #     Compromise between performance and CPU usage. Latency spikes can occur after quiet periods.
392 #  - blocking
393 #     High throughput, low latency, higher CPU usage.
394 #  - busy_spinning
395 #     Avoids syscalls which could introduce latency jitter. Best when threads can be bound to specific CPU cores.
396 processor_wait_strategy = blocking
397 
398 # Size of internal ring buffers. Raise this if raising outputbuffer_processors does not help anymore.
399 # For optimum performance your LogMessage objects in the ring buffer should fit in your CPU L3 cache.
400 # Must be a power of 2. (512, 1024, 2048, ...)
401 ring_size = 65536
402 
403 inputbuffer_ring_size = 65536
404 inputbuffer_processors = 2
405 inputbuffer_wait_strategy = blocking
406 
407 # Enable the disk based message journal.
408 message_journal_enabled = true
409 
410 # The directory which will be used to store the message journal. The directory must me exclusively used by Graylog and
411 # must not contain any other files than the ones created by Graylog itself.
412 #
413 # ATTENTION:
414 #   If you create a seperate partition for the journal files and use a file system creating directories like ‘lost+found‘
415 #   in the root directory, you need to create a sub directory for your journal.
416 #   Otherwise Graylog will log an error message that the journal is corrupt and Graylog will not start.
417 message_journal_dir = /var/lib/graylog-server/journal
418 
419 # Journal hold messages before they could be written to Elasticsearch.
420 # For a maximum of 12 hours or 5 GB whichever happens first.
421 # During normal operation the journal will be smaller.
422 #message_journal_max_age = 12h
423 #message_journal_max_size = 5gb
424 
425 #message_journal_flush_age = 1m
426 #message_journal_flush_interval = 1000000
427 #message_journal_segment_age = 1h
428 #message_journal_segment_size = 100mb
429 
430 # Number of threads used exclusively for dispatching internal events. Default is 2.
431 #async_eventbus_processors = 2
432 
433 # How many seconds to wait between marking node as DEAD for possible load balancers and starting the actual
434 # shutdown process. Set to 0 if you have no status checking load balancers in front.
435 lb_recognition_period_seconds = 3
436 
437 # Journal usage percentage that triggers requesting throttling for this server node from load balancers. The feature is
438 # disabled if not set.
439 #lb_throttle_threshold_percentage = 95
440 
441 # Every message is matched against the configured streams and it can happen that a stream contains rules which
442 # take an unusual amount of time to run, for example if its using regular expressions that perform excessive backtracking.
443 # This will impact the processing of the entire server. To keep such misbehaving stream rules from impacting other
444 # streams, Graylog limits the execution time for each stream.
445 # The default values are noted below, the timeout is in milliseconds.
446 # If the stream matching for one stream took longer than the timeout value, and this happened more than "max_faults" times
447 # that stream is disabled and a notification is shown in the web interface.
448 #stream_processing_timeout = 2000
449 #stream_processing_max_faults = 3
450 
451 # Length of the interval in seconds in which the alert conditions for all streams should be checked
452 # and alarms are being sent.
453 #alert_check_interval = 60
454 
455 # Since 0.21 the Graylog server supports pluggable output modules. This means a single message can be written to multiple
456 # outputs. The next setting defines the timeout for a single output module, including the default output module where all
457 # messages end up.
458 #
459 # Time in milliseconds to wait for all message outputs to finish writing a single message.
460 #output_module_timeout = 10000
461 
462 # Time in milliseconds after which a detected stale master node is being rechecked on startup.
463 #stale_master_timeout = 2000
464 
465 # Time in milliseconds which Graylog is waiting for all threads to stop on shutdown.
466 #shutdown_timeout = 30000
467 
468 # MongoDB connection string
469 # See https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/connection-string/ for details
470 mongodb_uri = mongodb://graylog:[email protected]:27017,10.2.2.42:27017,10.2.2.43:27017/graylog?replicaSet=rs0
471 
472 # Authenticate against the MongoDB server
473 #mongodb_uri = mongodb://grayloguser:[email protected]:27017/graylog
474 
475 # Use a replica set instead of a single host
476 #mongodb_uri = mongodb://grayloguser:[email protected]:27017,localhost:27018,localhost:27019/graylog
477 
478 # Increase this value according to the maximum connections your MongoDB server can handle from a single client
479 # if you encounter MongoDB connection problems.
480 mongodb_max_connections = 1000
481 
482 # Number of threads allowed to be blocked by MongoDB connections multiplier. Default: 5
483 # If mongodb_max_connections is 100, and mongodb_threads_allowed_to_block_multiplier is 5,
484 # then 500 threads can block. More than that and an exception will be thrown.
485 # http://api.mongodb.com/java/current/com/mongodb/MongoOptions.html#threadsAllowedToBlockForConnectionMultiplier
486 mongodb_threads_allowed_to_block_multiplier = 5
487 
488 # Drools Rule File (Use to rewrite incoming log messages)
489 # See: http://docs.graylog.org/en/2.1/pages/drools.html
490 #rules_file = /etc/graylog/server/rules.drl
491 
492 # Email transport
493 #transport_email_enabled = false
494 #transport_email_hostname = mail.example.com
495 #transport_email_port = 587
496 #transport_email_use_auth = true
497 #transport_email_use_tls = true
498 #transport_email_use_ssl = true
499 #transport_email_auth_username = [email protected]
500 #transport_email_auth_password = secret
501 #transport_email_subject_prefix = [graylog]
502 #transport_email_from_email = [email protected]
503 
504 # Specify and uncomment this if you want to include links to the stream in your stream alert mails.
505 # This should define the fully qualified base url to your web interface exactly the same way as it is accessed by your users.
506 #transport_email_web_interface_url = https://graylog.example.com
507 
508 # The default connect timeout for outgoing HTTP connections.
509 # Values must be a positive duration (and between 1 and 2147483647 when converted to milliseconds).
510 # Default: 5s
511 #http_connect_timeout = 5s
512 
513 # The default read timeout for outgoing HTTP connections.
514 # Values must be a positive duration (and between 1 and 2147483647 when converted to milliseconds).
515 # Default: 10s
516 #http_read_timeout = 10s
517 
518 # The default write timeout for outgoing HTTP connections.
519 # Values must be a positive duration (and between 1 and 2147483647 when converted to milliseconds).
520 # Default: 10s
521 #http_write_timeout = 10s
522 
523 # HTTP proxy for outgoing HTTP connections
524 #http_proxy_uri =
525 
526 # Disable the optimization of Elasticsearch indices after index cycling. This may take some load from Elasticsearch
527 # on heavily used systems with large indices, but it will decrease search performance. The default is to optimize
528 # cycled indices.
529 #
530 # ATTENTION: These settings have been moved to the database in Graylog 2.2.0. When you upgrade, make sure to set these
531 #            to your previous settings so they will be migrated to the database!
532 #disable_index_optimization = true
533 
534 # Optimize the index down to <= index_optimization_max_num_segments. A higher number may take some load from Elasticsearch
535 # on heavily used systems with large indices, but it will decrease search performance. The default is 1.
536 #
537 # ATTENTION: These settings have been moved to the database in Graylog 2.2.0. When you upgrade, make sure to set these
538 #            to your previous settings so they will be migrated to the database!
539 #index_optimization_max_num_segments = 1
540 
541 # The threshold of the garbage collection runs. If GC runs take longer than this threshold, a system notification
542 # will be generated to warn the administrator about possible problems with the system. Default is 1 second.
543 #gc_warning_threshold = 1s
544 
545 # Connection timeout for a configured LDAP server (e. g. ActiveDirectory) in milliseconds.
546 #ldap_connection_timeout = 2000
547 
548 # Disable the use of SIGAR for collecting system stats
549 #disable_sigar = false
550 
551 # The default cache time for dashboard widgets. (Default: 10 seconds, minimum: 1 second)
552 #dashboard_widget_default_cache_time = 10s
553 
554 # Automatically load content packs in "content_packs_dir" on the first start of Graylog.
555 #content_packs_loader_enabled = true
556 
557 # The directory which contains content packs which should be loaded on the first start of Graylog.
558 content_packs_dir = /usr/share/graylog-server/contentpacks
559 
560 # A comma-separated list of content packs (files in "content_packs_dir") which should be applied on
561 # the first start of Graylog.
562 # Default: empty
563 content_packs_auto_load = grok-patterns.json
564 
565 # For some cluster-related REST requests, the node must query all other nodes in the cluster. This is the maximum number
566 # of threads available for this. Increase it, if ‘/cluster/*‘ requests take long to complete.
567 # Should be rest_thread_pool_size * average_cluster_size if you have a high number of concurrent users.
568 proxied_requests_thread_pool_size = 32

server.conf

　　启动graylog服务：

$ sudo chkconfig --add graylog-server
$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
$ sudo systemctl enable graylog-server.service
$ sudo systemctl start graylog-server.service

4. 多节点集群配置安装

　　① MongoDB集群配置：

　　修改所有mongdb节点的配置文件/etc/mongod.conf，添加集群replication信息replSetName: rs0，并重启服务。

# cat /etc/mongod.conf 
# mongod.conf

# for documentation of all options, see:
#   http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/configuration-options/

# where to write logging data.
systemLog:
  destination: file
  logAppend: true
  path: /var/log/mongodb/mongod.log

# Where and how to store data.
storage:
  dbPath: /var/lib/mongo
  journal:
    enabled: true
#  engine:
#  mmapv1:
#  wiredTiger:

# how the process runs
processManagement:
  fork: true  # fork and run in background
  pidFilePath: /var/run/mongodb/mongod.pid  # location of pidfile

# network interfaces
net:
  port: 27017
#  bindIp: 127.0.0.1  # Listen to local interface only, comment to listen on all interfaces.


#security:

#operationProfiling:

replication:
  replSetName: rs0
#sharding:

## Enterprise-Only Options

#auditLog:

#snmp:

mongod.conf

$ sudo systemctl restart mongod.service

　　在集群其中一个节点，启动mongo命令行：

$ mongo

　　初始化mongodb集群，使用本机hostname或IP加端口：

$ rs.initiate( {
   _id : "rs0",
   members: [ { _id : 0, host : "mongodb0.example.net:27017" } ]
})

　　验证集群配置：

$ rs.conf()

{
   "_id" : "rs0",
   "version" : 1,
   "protocolVersion" : NumberLong(1),
   "members" : [
      {
         "_id" : 0,
         "host" : "mongodb0.example.net:27017",
         "arbiterOnly" : false,
         "buildIndexes" : true,
         "hidden" : false,
         "priority" : 1,
         "tags" : {

         },
         "slaveDelay" : NumberLong(0),
         "votes" : 1
      }
   ],
   "settings" : {
      "chainingAllowed" : true,
      "heartbeatIntervalMillis" : 2000,
      "heartbeatTimeoutSecs" : 10,
      "electionTimeoutMillis" : 10000,
      "catchUpTimeoutMillis" : 2000,
      "getLastErrorModes" : {

      },
      "getLastErrorDefaults" : {
         "w" : 1,
         "wtimeout" : 0
      },
      "replicaSetId" : ObjectId("585ab9df685f726db2c6a840")
   }
}

rs.conf()

　　将其他节点加入集群，并查看集群配置：

rs0:PRIMARY> rs.add("mongodb1.example.net")
rs0:PRIMARY> rs.add("mongodb2.example.net")

rs0:PRIMARY> rs.status()

　　创建graylog数据库，并添加graylog用户，赋予readWrite和dbAdmin权限：

rs0:PRIMARY> use graylog
switched to db graylog
rs0:PRIMARY> db.createUser( {
    user: "graylog",
     pwd: "75PN76Db66En",
     roles: [ { role: "readWrite", db: "graylog" } ]
   });
rs0:PRIMARY> db.grantRolesToUser( "graylog" , [ { role: "dbAdmin", db: "graylog" } ])
rs0:PRIMARY> show users
rs0:PRIMARY> db.auth("graylog","75sdfsdsdfn")

　　② Elasticsearch 集群配置：

　　修改elasticsearch配置文件并重启服务：

# cat /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml | grep cluster.name
cluster.name: graylog
# cat /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml | grep discovery.zen.ping
discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["10.2.2.41", "10.2.2.43"]
# cat /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml | grep network.host
network.host: 10.2.2.42

　　③ graylog集群配置

　　graylog master节点修改配置server.conf 中 is_master = true，其他节点为false，同时rest_listen_uri以及rest_transport_uri必须可以被集群中的其他节点连通。

　　修改mongodb连接配置：

# cat /etc/graylog/server/server.conf|grep mongodb_uri
mongodb_uri = mongodb://graylog:[email protected]:27017,10.2.2.42:27017,10.2.2.43:27017/graylog?replicaSet=rs0

　　修改elasticsearch连接配置：

# cat /etc/graylog/server/server.conf|grep elasticsearch_hosts
elasticsearch_hosts = http://grayloguser:[email protected]:9200,http://grayloguser:[email protected]:9200,http://grayloguser:[email protected]:9200

　　开启web界面：

　# cat /etc/graylog/server/server.conf|grep web_enable
　web_enable = true

　　④ 创建负载均衡器，对graylog配置负载均衡，我使用的是微软云负载均衡，这里不再说明。

　　此时可以通过负载均衡器IP:9000 对graylog进行访问。

5. 日志接入

接入 syslog

首先在 webui 创建 input：

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以 rsyslog 为例：

/etc/rsyslog.d/graylog.conf:

*.* @@x.x.x.x:514;RSYSLOG_SyslogProtocol23Format

service rsyslog restart

即可查看该 input 的 message：

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GELF (http 为例)

GELF (Graylog Extended Log Format) 可以接收结构化的事件，支持压缩(GZIP’d or ZLIB’d)和分块。

GELF message：

- version string
- host string
- short_message string
- full_message string
- timestamp number
- level number
- facility string
- line number
- file string
- _[additional field] string or number, 通过 _ 前缀添加自定义的字段

新建一个 GELF HTTP input:

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推送日志：

curl -XPOST http://106.75.62.142:12201/gelf -p0 -d ‘{"message":"这是一条消息", "host":"172.3.3.3", "facility":"test", "topic": "meme"}‘

查看推送的日志：

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收集服务日志( nodejs 为例)

log4js, bunyan， winston 等等 nodejs 日志框架都可以，这里我们以 bunyan 为例，因为 bunyan 可以将日志以 json 的形式打印。

const express = require(‘express‘);
const bodyParser = require(‘body-parser‘);
const bunyan = require(‘bunyan‘);

const log = bunyan.createLogger({
    name: ‘server-bunyan‘,
    level: ‘debug‘,
    streams: [{
        type: ‘rotating-file‘,
        path: ‘/data/logs/server-bunyan.log‘,
        period: ‘1d‘,
        count: 3
    }]
});


const app = express();
app.use(bodyParser.json());
app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: true }));

app.get(‘/hello‘, (req, res) => {
    log.info({                                           
        query: req.query
    }, ‘hello‘);
    res.send(‘hello world‘);
});

app.listen(5004, ‘0.0.0.0‘, () => {
    log.info(‘app listening on 5004‘);
});

rsyslog:

module(load="imfile" PollingInterval="10")

# input
input(type="imfile" File="/data/logs/server.log" Tag="server" ruleset="push_remote")
input(type="imfile" File="/data/logs/detail.log" Tag="detail" ruleset="push_remote")
input(type="imfile" File="/data/logs/server-bunyan.log" Tag="bunyan_server" ruleset="push_remote")

# template
template(name="mytpl" type="string" string="node1 %programname% %msg%\\n" )                          
# output
ruleset(name="push_remote") {
  action(
    type="omfwd"
    protocol="tcp"
    target="x.x.x.x"
    port="515"
    template="mytpl"
    action.resumeRetryCount="-1"
    action.resumeInterval="1"
    queue.filename="push-remote"
    queue.size="100000"
    queue.highwatermark="60000"
    queue.lowwatermark="2000"
    queue.maxdiskspace="100g"
    queue.saveonshutdown="on"
    queue.type="LinkedList"
    queue.maxfilesize="128m"
  )
}

新建 input，监听 515 端口，这里我们体验一下 graylog 的 Extractor，给改 input 添加一个 Extractor：

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我们加了一个抓取器，来提取 node, topic 两个字段。

在 webui 查看该 input 的 message：

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Alerts

Graylog 内置的告警条件：

- 消息数量
- 字段值(number)
- 字段内容

内置告警方式：

- Email
- HTTP 回调

体验一下 HTTP 回调。

新建一个 Stream，进入 manager alerts, 新建一个告警条件：

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创建一个 HTTP 回调：

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告警以 post 方式请求回调, 请求的 body 内容：

{
    "check_result": {
        "result_description": "Stream had 0 messages in the last 1 minutes with trigger condition less than 10 messages. (Current grace time: 1 minutes)",
        "triggered_condition": {
            "id": "6bacc1c1-1eac-49f9-9ac8-998ea851f101",
            "type": "message_count",
            "created_at": "2017-01-17T05:25:13.592Z",
            "creator_user_id": "admin",
            "title": "日志一分钟内少于10条",
            "parameters": {
                "grace": 1,
                "threshold_type": "less",
                "threshold": 10,
                "time": 1,
                "backlog": 0
            }
        },
        "triggered_at": "2017-01-17T05:44:11.921Z",
        "triggered": true,
        "matching_messages": []
    },
    "stream": {
        "creator_user_id": "admin",
        "outputs": [],
        "alert_receivers": {
            "emails": [
                "[email protected]"
            ],
            "users": [
                "[email protected]"
            ]
        },
        "matching_type": "AND",
        "description": "alert",
        "created_at": "2017-01-17T05:21:58.852Z",
        "disabled": false,
        "rules": [],
        "alert_conditions": [
            {
                "creator_user_id": "admin",
                "created_at": "2017-01-17T05:25:13.592Z",
                "id": "6bacc1c1-1eac-49f9-9ac8-998ea851f101",
                "type": "message_count",
                "title": "日志一分钟内少于10条",
                "parameters": {
                    "grace": 1,
                    "threshold_type": "less",
                    "threshold": 10,
                    "time": 1,
                    "backlog": 0
                }
            }
        ],
        "id": "587da9f62ab79c0001352b7a",
        "title": "test",
        "content_pack": null
    }
}

查看告警历史:

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更多更好用的功能等待发现…

官方文档： http://docs.graylog.org/en/2.3/index.html

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