Apgar score

Posted 2020-12-20 zhengabel

Apgar score

Apgar is a quick test performed on a baby at 1 and 5 minutes after birth. The 1-minute score determines how well the baby tolerated the birthing process. The 5-minute score tells the health care provider how well the baby is doing outside the mother‘s womb.

In rare cases, the test will be done 10 minutes after birth.

Virginia Apgar, MD (1909-1974) introduced the Apgar score in 1952.

How the Test is Performed

The Apgar test is done by a doctor, midwife, or nurse. The provider examines the baby‘s:

Breathing effort

Heart rate

Muscle tone

Reflexes

Skin color

Each category is scored with 0, 1, or 2, depending on the observed condition.

Breathing effort:

If the infant is not breathing, the respiratory score is 0.

If the respirations are slow or irregular, the infant scores 1 for respiratory effort.

If the infant cries well, the respiratory score is 2.

Heart rate is evaluated by stethoscope. This is the most important assessment:

If there is no heartbeat, the infant scores 0 for heart rate.

If heart rate is less than 100 beats per minute, the infant scores 1 for heart rate.

If heart rate is greater than 100 beats per minute, the infant scores 2 for heart rate.

Muscle tone:

If muscles are loose and floppy, the infant scores 0 for muscle tone.

If there is some muscle tone, the infant scores 1.

If there is active motion, the infant scores 2 for muscle tone.

Grimace response or reflex irritability is a term describing response to stimulation, such as a mild pinch:

If there is no reaction, the infant scores 0 for reflex irritability.

If there is grimacing, the infant scores 1 for reflex irritability.

If there is grimacing and a cough, sneeze, or vigorous cry, the infant scores 2 for reflex irritability.

Skin color:

If the skin color is pale blue, the infant scores 0 for color.

If the body is pink and the extremities are blue, the infant scores 1 for color.

If the entire body is pink, the infant scores 2 for color.

Apgar得分

Apgar是在出生后1分钟和5分钟对婴儿进行的快速测试。 1分钟的分数决定了婴儿对分娩过程的耐受程度。 5分钟的分数告诉医疗保健提供者婴儿在母亲子宫外的表现如何。

在极少数情况下，测试将在出生后10分钟进行。

弗吉尼亚阿普加医学博士（1909-1974）于1952年介绍了Apgar评分。

如何进行测试

Apgar测试由医生，助产士或护士完成。提供者检查婴儿的：

呼吸努力

心率

肌肉紧张

反射

肤色

每个类别的评分为0,1或2，具体取决于观察到的条件。

呼吸努力：

如果婴儿没有呼吸，呼吸分数为0。

如果呼吸缓慢或不规则，婴儿的呼吸努力得分为1。

如果婴儿哭得很好，呼吸分数为2。

通过听诊器评估心率。这是最重要的评估：

如果没有心跳，则婴儿的心率为0。

如果心率低于每分钟100次心跳，则婴儿的心率为1。

如果心率大于每分钟100次心跳，则婴儿的心率为2。

肌肉张力：

如果肌肉松弛且松弛，婴儿的肌肉音调得分为0。

如果有一些肌肉张力，婴儿得分为1。

如果存在主动运动，则婴儿的肌肉音调得分为2。

鬼脸反应或反射烦躁是描述刺激反应的术语，如轻度捏：

如果没有反应，婴儿的反射烦躁得分为0。

如果有做鬼脸，婴儿的反射烦躁得分为1。

如果有做鬼脸，咳嗽，打喷嚏或剧烈哭泣，婴儿的反射烦躁得分为2。

肤色：

如果肤色为淡蓝色，则婴儿的颜色为0。

如果身体是粉红色而四肢是蓝色，则婴儿的颜色为1。

如果整个身体是粉红色，婴儿的颜色为2。