Java操作XML的工具:JAXB
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Java Architecture for XML Binding (JAXB) 是一个业界的标准，是一项可以根据XML Schema产生Java类的技术。该过程中，JAXB也提供了将XML实例文档反向生成Java对象树的方法，并能将Java对象树的内容重新写到XML实例文档。从另一方面来讲，JAXB提供了快速而简便的方法将XML模式绑定到Java表示，从而使得Java开发者在Java应用程序中能方便地结合XML数据和处理函数。
这意味着你不需要处理甚至不需要知道XML编程技巧就能在Java应用程序中利用平台核心XML数据的灵活性。而且，可以充分利用XML的优势而不用依赖于复杂的XML处理模型如SAX或DOM。JAXB 隐藏了细节并且取消了SAX和DOM中没用的关系——生成的JAXB类仅描述原始模型中定义的关系。其结果是结合了高度可移植Java代码和高度可移植的XML数据。其中这些代码可用来创建灵活、轻便的应用程序和Web服务。 JAXB（java Architecture for XML Binding) 是一个业界的标准，是一项可以根据XML Schema产生Java类的技术。该过程中，JAXB也提供了将XML实例文档反向生成Java对象树的方法，并能将Java对象树的内容重新写到 XML实例文档。 Jaxb 2.0是JDK 1.6的组成部分。我们不需要下载第三方jar包 即可做到轻松转换。Jaxb2使用了JDK的新特性，如：Annotation、GenericType等，需要在即将转换的JavaBean中添加annotation注解。
一、重要概念
- JAXBContext类，是应用的入口，用于管理XML/Java绑定信息。
- Marshaller接口，将Java对象序列化为XML数据。
- Unmarshaller接口，将XML数据反序列化为Java对象。
- @XmlType，将Java类或枚举类型映射到XML模式类型
- @XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD) ，控制字段或属性的序列化。FIELD表示JAXB将自动绑定Java类中的每个非静态的（static）、非瞬态的（由@XmlTransient标 注）字段到XML。其他值还有XmlAccessType.PROPERTY和XmlAccessType.NONE。
- @XmlAccessorOrder，控制JAXB 绑定类中属性和字段的排序。
- @XmlJavaTypeAdapter，使用定制的适配器（即扩展抽象类XmlAdapter并覆盖marshal()和unmarshal()方法），以序列化Java类为XML。
- @XmlElementWrapper ，对于数组或集合（即包含多个元素的成员变量），生成一个包装该数组或集合的XML元素（称为包装器）。
- @XmlRootElement，将Java类或枚举类型映射到XML元素。
- @XmlElement，将Java类的一个属性映射到与属性同名的一个XML元素。
- @XmlAttribute，将Java类的一个属性映射到与属性同名的一个XML属性。
二、工具类
package com.ehaoyao.jobcenter.order.webservices.jztdzy.Util;
import org.apache.poi.ss.formula.functions.T;
import javax.xml.bind.*;
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.io.StringReader;
import java.io.StringWriter;
public class JAXBUtil {
/**
* beanToXml
* @param obj
* @param encoding
* @return
*/
public static String toXml(Object obj,String encoding) {
try {
StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
JAXBContext context = JAXBCache.instance().getJAXBContext(obj.getClass());
Marshaller marshaller = context.createMarshaller();
marshaller.setProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_FORMATTED_OUTPUT, Boolean.TRUE);
marshaller.setProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_FRAGMENT, true);// 是否省略xm头声明信息
marshaller.setProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_ENCODING, encoding);
marshaller.marshal(obj, sw);
return sw.toString().replace("ns2:","").replace(":ns2","");
} catch(JAXBException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return e.getMessage();
}
}
/**
* xmlToBean
* @param xml
* @param c
* @param <T>
* @return
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static <T> T toBean(String xml, Class<T> c,String encoding) {
T t = null;
try {
JAXBContext context = JAXBContext.newInstance(c);
Unmarshaller unmarshaller = context.createUnmarshaller();
t = (T) unmarshaller.unmarshal(new StringReader(xml));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return t;
}
}
package com.ehaoyao.jobcenter.order.webservices.jztdzy.Util;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;
import javax.xml.bind.JAXBContext;
import javax.xml.bind.JAXBException;
public final class JAXBCache {
private static final JAXBCache instance = new JAXBCache();
private final ConcurrentMap<String, JAXBContext> contextCache = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, JAXBContext>();
private JAXBCache() {
}
public static JAXBCache instance() {
return instance;
}
JAXBContext getJAXBContext(Class<?> clazz) throws JAXBException {
JAXBContext context = contextCache.get(clazz.getName());
if ( context == null )
{
context = JAXBContext.newInstance(clazz);
contextCache.putIfAbsent(clazz.getName(), context);
}
return context;
}
}
package com.ehaoyao.jobcenter.order.webservices.jztdzy.Util;
public class XMLNameSpace {
public static final String ADMIN_PREFIX = "";
public static final String ADMIN_URI = "http://WebServices.WS.JointownTech.com//";
}
package com.ehaoyao.jobcenter.order.webservices.jztdzy.Util;
import com.ehaoyao.jobcenter.order.webservices.jztdzy.model.ElecPrescription;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.annotations.XStreamAlias;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlType;
/**
* Created by wls on 2017/8/15.
*/
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
@XmlType(propOrder= {"result","errorDesc","elecPrescription"})
public class AddPrescriptionToMes2ItemResponse {
// @XStreamAlias("result")
@XmlElement(name="result",namespace = XMLNameSpace.ADMIN_URI)
private String result;
@XmlElement(required = false)
private String errorDesc;
@XmlElement(required = false)
private ElecPrescription elecPrescription;
public String getResult() {
return result;
}
public void setResult(String result) {
this.result = result;
}
public String getErrorDesc() {
return errorDesc;
}
public void setErrorDesc(String errorDesc) {
this.errorDesc = errorDesc;
}
public ElecPrescription getElecPrescription() {
return elecPrescription;
}
public void setElecPrescription(ElecPrescription elecPrescription) {
this.elecPrescription = elecPrescription;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "AddPrescriptionToMes2ItemResponse{" +
"result=‘" + result + ‘\\‘‘ +
", errorDesc=‘" + errorDesc + ‘\\‘‘ +
", elecPrescription=" + elecPrescription +
‘}‘;
}
}
package com.ehaoyao.jobcenter.order.webservices.jztdzy.Util;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.annotations.XStreamAlias;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.*;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.adapters.XmlJavaTypeAdapter;
/**
* Created by wls on 2017/8/15.
*/
//@XStreamAlias("string")
@XmlRootElement(name = "string",namespace = XMLNameSpace.ADMIN_URI)
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
@XmlType(propOrder= {"response"})
public class AddPrescriptionToMes2Response {
@XmlElement(name = "response",namespace = XMLNameSpace.ADMIN_URI)
private AddPrescriptionToMes2ItemResponse response;
public AddPrescriptionToMes2ItemResponse getResponse() {
return response;
}
public void setResponse(AddPrescriptionToMes2ItemResponse response) {
this.response = response;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "AddPrescriptionToMes2Response{" +
"response=" + response +
‘}‘;
}
}
package com.ehaoyao.jobcenter.order.webservices.jztdzy.Util;
import com.ehaoyao.jobcenter.order.webservices.jztdzy.model.ElecPrescription;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlType;
/**
* Created by wls on 2017/8/17.
*/
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
@XmlType(propOrder= {"result","errorDesc"},namespace = XMLNameSpace.ADMIN_URI)
public class SetWXPrescriptionInfoItemResponse {
@XmlElement(name = "result",namespace = XMLNameSpace.ADMIN_URI)
private ElecPrescription result;
private String errorDesc;
public ElecPrescription getResult() {
return result;
}
public void setResult(ElecPrescription result) {
this.result = result;
}
public String getErrorDesc() {
return errorDesc;
}
public void setErrorDesc(String errorDesc) {
this.errorDesc = errorDesc;
}
}
package com.ehaoyao.jobcenter.order.webservices.jztdzy.Util;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.annotations.XStreamAlias;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.*;
/**
* Created by wls on 2017/8/17.
*/
//@XStreamAlias("string")
@XmlRootElement(name = "string",namespace = XMLNameSpace.ADMIN_URI)
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
@XmlType(propOrder= {"response"})
public class SetWXPrescriptionInfoResponse {
@XmlElement(name = "response",namespace = XMLNameSpace.ADMIN_URI)
private SetWXPrescriptionInfoItemResponse response;
public SetWXPrescriptionInfoItemResponse getResponse() {
return response;
}
public void setResponse(SetWXPrescriptionInfoItemResponse response) {
this.response = response;
}
}
三、测试类
package com.ehaoyao.jobcenter.test;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.ehaoyao.jobcenter.order.webservices.jztdzy.Util.AddPrescriptionToMes2Response;
import com.ehaoyao.jobcenter.order.webservices.jztdzy.Util.JAXBUtil;
import com.ehaoyao.jobcenter.order.webservices.jztdzy.Util.SetWXPrescriptionInfoResponse;
import com.ehaoyao.jobcenter.order.webservices.jztdzy.model.ElecPrescription;
import org.apache.poi.ss.formula.functions.T;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
public class JaxbUtilTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ElecPrescription elecPrescription = new ElecPrescription();
elecPrescription.setAddress("测试地址");
elecPrescription.setAge(12);
elecPrescription.setAgentNum(1);
elecPrescription.setBillDates("2017-08-19 12:02:21");
elecPrescription.setBlank2("1");
elecPrescription.setBlank3("1");
elecPrescription.setBusinessId("1435");
String ret = JAXBUtil.toXml(elecPrescription,"UTF-8");
System.out.println(ret);
elecPrescription = (ElecPrescription) JAXBUtil.toBean(ret,ElecPrescription.class,"UTF-8");
System.out.println(elecPrescription);
ret = "<string xmlns=\\"http://WebServices.WS.JointownTech.com//\\"><response><result>1</result></response></string>";
AddPrescriptionToMes2Response addPrescriptionToMes2Response = JAXBUtil.toBean(ret,AddPrescriptionToMes2Response.class,"UTF-8");
System.out.println(addPrescriptionToMes2Response!=null? JSONObject.toJSONString(addPrescriptionToMes2Response):null);
ret = "<string xmlns=\\"http://WebServices.WS.JointownTech.com//\\"><response><result><BillDates>2017-08-16</BillDates><OutPrescriptionCode>100004</OutPrescriptionCode><OutPrescriptionSn>1004</OutPrescriptionSn><tpyq>代煎</tpyq><zgyq></zgyq><Patient>张三</Patient><Gender>女</Gender><Age>12</Age><CFDates>2017-08-17</CFDates><IsPregnancy>否</IsPregnancy><cflx>外用</cflx><AgentNum>1</AgentNum><Remark></Remark><Opinion></Opinion><BusinessName>好药师三方渠道</BusinessName><orgname>湖北公司</orgname><Dosages>1</Dosages><jyyq>1</jyyq><jyfa>微压（密闭）解表（15min）</jyfa><PatientCode></PatientCode><PictureIP>http://10.2.72.200:131/DCIM/010100003639731150</PictureIP><GoodsDatas><GoodsData><GoodsName>炒蒺藜</GoodsName><Dosage>1</Dosage><GoodsTpyq>无</GoodsTpyq><InvoiceP>0</InvoiceP></GoodsData></GoodsDatas><LogisticsCost>0</LogisticsCost><ProcessingCost>0</ProcessingCost><cfzt>作废</cfzt><cfjd><CFREVIEWSTAFF></CFREVIEWSTAFF><CFREVIEWTIME></CFREVIEWTIME><MIXSTAFF></MIXSTAFF><MIXREQUESTTIME></MIXREQUESTTIME><MIXSURETIME></MIXSURETIME><MIXREVIEWSTAFF></MIXREVIEWSTAFF><MIXREVIEWTIME></MIXREVIEWTIME><SOAKSTAFF></SOAKSTAFF><SOAKREQUESTTIME></SOAKREQUESTTIME><SOAKSURETIME></SOAKSURETIME><TISANESTAFF></TISANESTAFF><TISANEREQUESTTIME></TISANEREQUESTTIME><TISANESURETIME></TISANESURETIME> <OINTMENTSTAFF></OINTMENTSTAFF><OINTMENTREQUESTTIME></OINTMENTREQUESTTIME><OINTMENTSURETIME></OINTMENTSURETIME><INNERPACKINGSTAFF></INNERPACKINGSTAFF><INNERPACKINGTIME></INNERPACKINGTIME><OUTERPACKINGSTAFF>zyadmin</OUTERPACKINGSTAFF><OUTERPACKINGTIME>2017-08-16 16:41:56</OUTERPACKINGTIME></cfjd><psjd><LogisticsCompany></LogisticsCompany><ExpressNumber></ExpressNumber></psjd></result></response></string>";
SetWXPrescriptionInfoResponse setWXPrescriptionInfoResponse = JAXBUtil.toBean(ret,SetWXPrescriptionInfoResponse.class,"UTF-8");
System.out.println(setWXPrescriptionInfoResponse!=null? JSONObject.toJSONString(setWXPrescriptionInfoResponse):null);
}
}
}
四、运行效果
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