Jenkins Server的安装部署方式

Posted 2020-12-18 woshixiaowang

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第2章 Jenkins Server的安装部署方式

1.1 安装依赖
1.2 安装部署

1.2.1 使用Tomcat部署
1.2.2 CentOS环境部署
1.2.3 MacOS环境部署
1.2.4 基于Docker部署
1.2.5 基于Kubernetes部署
1.2.6 基于Windows部署
1.2.7 软件资源下载

1.3 配置

本章阐述Jenkins Server的安装部署方式。基于Tomcat、CentOS、MacOS、Docker、Kubernetes、Windows部署。部署后的基础配置。

1.1 安装依赖

Jenkins是基于Java开发的一种持续集成工具，可以在安装Java Runtime Environment的任何机器独立运行。部署前需要安装Java开发环境。要求是JDK8+，目前已经支持JDK11。关于JDK的安装可以通过yum或者源码包方式。

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rpm方式

rpm -ivh jdk-xxxxx.rpmyum -y install java-1.8.0-openjdk java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel

源码包方式

tar zxf jdk-xxxx.tar.gz -www.zhuyngyule.cn C /usr/localvim /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdkxxxexport PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
source /etc/profile

1.2 安装部署

1.2.1 使用Tomcat部署

如果使用war包部署建议采用tomcat，当然Jenkins的war包可以直接通过java -jar jenkins.war启动。我们可以部署一个tomcat服务然后将jenkins.war包放到tomcat的webapps目录下。最后通过浏览器http://tomcatserver/jenkins访问。

wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-9/v9.0.24/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.24.tar.gztar xf apache-tomcat-9.0.24.tar.gz -C /usr/local/cp jenkins.war apache-tomcat-9.0.24/webapps/
# 启动/usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh start
# 停止/usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh

1.2.2 CentOS环境部署

普遍在centos系统部署Jenkins，可以下载jenkins的最新rpm包部署。

wget https://www.gaodeyulept.cn mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/redhat-stable/jenkins-2.235.2-1.1.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh jenkins-2.235.2-1.www.javachenglei.com.noarch.rpm
systemctl start jenkinssystemctl enable jenkins

1.2.3 MacOS环境部署

在Mac OS X机器上安装Jenkins CI服务器，可以手动下载pkg包安装或者通过brew自动安装。

手动下载pkg包安装，根据向导进一步安装。

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使用brew部署

brew install jenkins-lts

######################################################################## 100.0%==> Downloading http://mirrors.jenkins.io/war-stable/2.235.2/jenkins.war==> Downloading from http://mirror.serverion.com/jenkins/war-stable/2.235.2/jenki######################################################################## 100.0%==> Installing dependencies for jenkins-lts: openjdk@11==> Installing jenkins-lts dependency: openjdk@11==> Pouring openjdk@11-11.0.7+10.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz==> CaveatsFor the system Java wrappers to find this JDK, symlink it with  sudo ln -sfn /usr/local/opt/openjdk@11/libexec/openjdk.jdk /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/openjdk-11.jdk
openjdk@11 is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,because this is an alternate version of another formula.
If you need to have openjdk@11 first in your PATH run:  echo ‘export PATH="/usr/local/opt/openjdk@11/bin:$PATH"‘ >> /Users/zeyang/.bash_profile
For compilers to find openjdk@11 you may need to set:  export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/openjdk@11/include"
==> Summary??  /usr/local/Cellar/openjdk@11/11.0.7+10: 650 files, 295.7MB==> Installing jenkins-lts==> /usr/local/opt/openjdk@11/bin/jar xvf jenkins.war==> CaveatsNote: When using launchctl the port will be 8080.
To have launchd start jenkins-lts now and restart at login:  brew services start jenkins-ltsOr, if you don‘t want/need a background service you can just run:  jenkins-lts==> Summary??  /usr/local/Cellar/jenkins-lts/2.235.2: 7 files, 66.4MB, built in 11 seconds==> Caveats==> openjdk@11For the system Java wrappers to find this JDK, symlink it with  sudo ln -sfn /usr/local/opt/openjdk@11/libexec/openjdk.jdk /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/openjdk-11.jdk
openjdk@11 is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,because this is an alternate version of another formula.
If you need to have openjdk@11 first in your PATH run:  echo ‘export PATH="/usr/local/opt/openjdk@11/bin:$PATH"‘ >> /Users/zeyang/.bash_profile
For compilers to find openjdk@11 you may need to set:  export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/openjdk@11/include"
==> jenkins-ltsNote: When using launchctl the port will be 8080.
To have launchd start jenkins-lts now and restart at login:  brew services start jenkins-ltsOr, if you don‘t want/need a background service you can just run:  jenkins-lts# Start.brew services start jenkins-lts
# Stop.brew services stop jenkins-lts

1.2.4 基于Docker部署

docker pull jenkins/jenkins:lts
docker run -d -v jenkins_home:/var/jenkins_home -p 8080:8080 -p 50000:50000 jenkins/jenkins:lts

## 参数解释-d 后台运行-v 持久化jenkins数据目录-p 端口绑定  server:8080  agent:50000

1.2.5 基于Kubernetes部署

首先创建一个namespace jenkins ，然后通过kubectl create -f jenkins.yml部署。

这是一个完整的Deployment文件。

kind: DeploymentapiVersion: apps/v1metadata:  labels:    k8s-app: jenkins  name: jenkins  namespace: devopsspec:  replicas: 1  revisionHistoryLimit: 10  selector:    matchLabels:      k8s-app: jenkins  template:    metadata:      labels:        k8s-app: jenkins      namespace: devops      name: jenkins    spec:      containers:        - name: jenkins          image: jenkins/jenkins:2.211          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent          ports:            - containerPort: 30080              name: web              protocol: TCP            - containerPort: 30081              name: agent              protocol: TCP          resources:            limits:              cpu: 1000m              memory: 2Gi            requests:              cpu: 500m              memory: 512Mi          livenessProbe:            httpGet:              path: /login              port: 30080            initialDelaySeconds: 60            timeoutSeconds: 5            failureThreshold: 12          readinessProbe:            httpGet:              path: /login              port: 30080            initialDelaySeconds: 60            timeoutSeconds: 5            failureThreshold: 12          volumeMounts:            - name: jenkins-home              mountPath: /var/lib/jenkins          env:            - name: JENKINS_HOME              value: /var/lib/jenkins            - name: JENKINS_OPTS               value: --httpPort=30080            - name: JENKINS_SLAVE_AGENT_PORT              value: "30081"      volumes:        - name: jenkins-home          hostPath:             path: /data/devops/jenkins            type: Directory      serviceAccountName: jenkins---apiVersion: v1kind: ServiceAccountmetadata:  labels:    k8s-app: jenkins  name: jenkins  namespace: devops---kind: ServiceapiVersion: v1metadata:  labels:    k8s-app: jenkins  name: jenkins  namespace: devopsspec:  type: NodePort  ports:    - name: web      port: 30080      targetPort: 30080      nodePort: 30080    - name: slave      port: 30081      targetPort: 30081      nodePort: 30081  selector:    k8s-app: jenkins---kind: RoleapiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1metadata: name: jenkins namespace: devopsrules: - apiGroups: [""]   resources: ["pods","configmaps","namespaces"]   verbs: ["create","delete","get","list","patch","update","watch"] - apiGroups: [""]   resources: ["pods/exec"]   verbs: ["create","delete","get","list","patch","update","watch"] - apiGroups: [""]   resources: ["pods/log"]   verbs: ["get","list","watch"] - apiGroups: [""]   resources: ["secrets"]   verbs: ["get"]---apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1kind: RoleBindingmetadata: name: jenkins namespace: devopsroleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: Role name: jenkinssubjects: - kind: ServiceAccount   name: jenkins   namespace: devops

jenkins端口可以自定义，这里使用的是30080端口和30081端口。持久化的目录采用的是hostpath方式，这种方式仅能适合本地测试。建议如果生产还是采用共享存储pvc来持久化。否则节点漂移到其他节点会出现数据丢失。

1.2.6 基于Windows部署

下载软件包通过向导安装即可。windows这里基本上很少用的了。

1.2.7 软件资源下载

JDK下载链接：https://www.tengyao3zc.cn /java/technologies/javase/javase-jdk8-downloads.html

Mac pkg软件包下载：https://www.javachenglei.com .edu.cn/jenkins/osx-stable/

Jenkins war包下载链接：https://www.jintianxuesha.com .edu.cn/jenkins/war-stable/

Jenkins rpm包下载链接：https://www.wanfeigw.cn mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/redhat-stable/

Jenkins Docker hub：https://www.yuanyangyul.com hub.docker.com/r/jenkins/jenkins

k8s yaml：https://www.xincheng0001.cn github.com/zeyangli/devops-on-k8s/blob/master/devops/jenkins.yaml

windows 下载：https://www.letianhuanchao.cn mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/windows-stable/

1.3 配置

解锁：当您第一次访问Jenkins的时候，系统会要求您使用自动生成的密码对其进行解锁。解锁秘钥可以通过$JENKINS_HOME/secrets/initialAdminPassword文件获取。还可以通过在启动日志中获取。

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