线程池的参数

Posted 2020-12-17 yidiandhappy

这个东西都已经烂大街了啊，但是我还是想写一下。其实很简单，直接看源码就行。

打开ThreadPoolExecutor.java，搜索他的构造方法，一共看到4个。我们直接看参数最多的一个

/**
 * Creates a new {@code ThreadPoolExecutor} with the given initial
 * parameters.
 *
 * @param corePoolSize the number of threads to keep in the pool, even
 *        if they are idle, unless {@code allowCoreThreadTimeOut} is set
 * @param maximumPoolSize the maximum number of threads to allow in the
 *        pool
 * @param keepAliveTime when the number of threads is greater than
 *        the core, this is the maximum time that excess idle threads
 *        will wait for new tasks before terminating.
 * @param unit the time unit for the {@code keepAliveTime} argument
 * @param workQueue the queue to use for holding tasks before they are
 *        executed.  This queue will hold only the {@code Runnable}
 *        tasks submitted by the {@code execute} method.
 * @param threadFactory the factory to use when the executor
 *        creates a new thread
 * @param handler the handler to use when execution is blocked
 *        because the thread bounds and queue capacities are reached
 * @throws IllegalArgumentException if one of the following holds:<br>
 *         {@code corePoolSize < 0}<br>
 *         {@code keepAliveTime < 0}<br>
 *         {@code maximumPoolSize <= 0}<br>
 *         {@code maximumPoolSize < corePoolSize}
 * @throws NullPointerException if {@code workQueue}
 *         or {@code threadFactory} or {@code handler} is null
 */
public ThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize,
                          int maximumPoolSize,
                          long keepAliveTime,
                          TimeUnit unit,
                          BlockingQueue<Runnable> workQueue,
                          ThreadFactory threadFactory,
                          RejectedExecutionHandler handler) {
    if (corePoolSize < 0 ||
        maximumPoolSize <= 0 ||
        maximumPoolSize < corePoolSize ||
        keepAliveTime < 0)
        throw new IllegalArgumentException();
    if (workQueue == null || threadFactory == null || handler == null)
        throw new NullPointerException();
    this.acc = System.getSecurityManager() == null ?
            null :
            AccessController.getContext();
    this.corePoolSize = corePoolSize;
    this.maximumPoolSize = maximumPoolSize;
    this.workQueue = workQueue;
    this.keepAliveTime = unit.toNanos(keepAliveTime);
    this.threadFactory = threadFactory;
    this.handler = handler;
}

其实注释已经写的很清楚了,

corePoolSize the number of threads to keep in the pool, even
 *        if they are idle, unless {@code allowCoreThreadTimeOut} is set
核心线程数:这个线程数会一直存活在池子中，即使他们全部都是空闲的，除非你设置了allowCoreThreadTimeOut参数

maximumPoolSize the maximum number of threads to allow in the
 *        pool  
最大线程数,线程池里面最多允许这个数量的线程同时运行，就是不能超过这个数量。

 * @param keepAliveTime when the number of threads is greater than
 *        the core, this is the maximum time that excess idle threads
 *        will wait for new tasks before terminating.
 * @param unit the time unit for the {@code keepAliveTime} argument
这个就是，当池子里的线程数超过了核心线程数的值，那些额外的线程在没有任务时能够存活的最长时间和单位。

 * @param workQueue the queue to use for holding tasks before they are
 *        executed.  This queue will hold only the {@code Runnable}
 *        tasks submitted by the {@code execute} method.
这个就是，当工作异常繁忙时，核心线程数占满了，最大线程数也占满了，这时候还有任务怎么办，放到定义的队列上，这个队列你可以放ArrayBlockingQueue或者LinkedBlockingQueue。

* @param threadFactory the factory to use when the executor
 *        creates a new thread
这个就是，我核心线程数满了，我要新建线程来执行工作，线程怎么创建呢？通过你定义的这个工厂来创建。默认的有Executors里面的DefaultThreadFactory,其实就是定义一个名字等相关的东西，当然也可以重写，一般在框架中重写的还是比较多的。

* @param handler the handler to use when execution is blocked
 *        because the thread bounds and queue capacities are reached

最后一个就是线程的拒绝策略啦，这个也比较大街了，其实就是等待队列都放不下的时候怎么办呢？提供了四种，我贴一下源码吧，也比较简单

 /**
     * A handler for rejected tasks that runs the rejected task
     * directly in the calling thread of the {@code execute} method,
     * unless the executor has been shut down, in which case the task
     * is discarded.
     */
    public static class CallerRunsPolicy implements RejectedExecutionHandler {
        /**
         * Creates a {@code CallerRunsPolicy}.
         */
        public CallerRunsPolicy() { }

        /**
         * Executes task r in the caller‘s thread, unless the executor
         * has been shut down, in which case the task is discarded.
         *
         * @param r the runnable task requested to be executed
         * @param e the executor attempting to execute this task
         */
        public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor e) {
            if (!e.isShutdown()) {
                r.run();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * A handler for rejected tasks that throws a
     * {@code RejectedExecutionException}.
     */
    public static class AbortPolicy implements RejectedExecutionHandler {
        /**
         * Creates an {@code AbortPolicy}.
         */
        public AbortPolicy() { }

        /**
         * Always throws RejectedExecutionException.
         *
         * @param r the runnable task requested to be executed
         * @param e the executor attempting to execute this task
         * @throws RejectedExecutionException always
         */
        public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor e) {
            throw new RejectedExecutionException("Task " + r.toString() +
                                                 " rejected from " +
                                                 e.toString());
        }
    }

    /**
     * A handler for rejected tasks that silently discards the
     * rejected task.
     */
    public static class DiscardPolicy implements RejectedExecutionHandler {
        /**
         * Creates a {@code DiscardPolicy}.
         */
        public DiscardPolicy() { }

        /**
         * Does nothing, which has the effect of discarding task r.
         *
         * @param r the runnable task requested to be executed
         * @param e the executor attempting to execute this task
         */
        public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor e) {
        }
    }

/**
 * A handler for rejected tasks that discards the oldest unhandled
 * request and then retries {@code execute}, unless the executor
 * is shut down, in which case the task is discarded.
 */
public static class DiscardOldestPolicy implements RejectedExecutionHandler {
    /**
     * Creates a {@code DiscardOldestPolicy} for the given executor.
     */
    public DiscardOldestPolicy() { }

    /**
     * Obtains and ignores the next task that the executor
     * would otherwise execute, if one is immediately available,
     * and then retries execution of task r, unless the executor
     * is shut down, in which case task r is instead discarded.
     *
     * @param r the runnable task requested to be executed
     * @param e the executor attempting to execute this task
     */
    public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor e) {
        if (!e.isShutdown()) {
            e.getQueue().poll();
            e.execute(r);
        }
    }
}

CallerRunsPolicy :满了，你提交你自己执行去吧，我没空。

AbortPolicy ：满了，我忙不过来，我扔了，给你报个异常吧

DiscardPolicy :满了，我忙不过来，反正也不重要，给你扔了得了。就当没这个活儿。

DiscardOldestPolicy :满了，找找队列上最早的吧，最早的还没干完，估计客人都走了，还没干完，别干了，把最早的去掉吧，新来的加到队列上。

总的来说，李叔的注释没有看不懂的，具体要用哪种结合具体业务去看。