canvas中的drawImage

Posted 2020-12-17 hxblogs

一、在canvas画布中如何加载图片

---用drawImage( )方法

drawImage用法的三种情况：

1、在画布指定位置定义图像

ctx.drawImage(img,x,y);

注：此时画布上显示的图片大小是图片的默认大小

2、在画布上定位图像，并规定图像的宽度和高度：

ctx.drawImage(img,x,y,width,height);

3、剪切图像，并在画布上定位被剪切的部分：

ctx.drawImage(img,sx,sy,swidth,sheight,x,y,width,height);

参数值

 

 

4、加载图片的两种方法

　　（1）、document.getElementById(‘ img ‘);

　　（2）、var image = new Image( ) ;

 

二、在画布中心加载部分图片

 

如上图、加载第一行的第一个小怪兽

 <script>
        var Person = function(canvas){
          this.ctx = document.querySelector("canvas").getContext("2d");
          this.canvasWidth = this.ctx.canvas.width;
          this.canvasHeight = this.ctx.canvas.height;
          this.src = "image/04.png";
          this.init();
        }
        Person.prototype.init = function(){
          var that = this;
          this.loadImage(function(image){
            // 获取图片的宽高
            that.imageWidth = image.width;
            that.imageHeight = image.height;
            // 获取单个小怪兽区域的宽高
            that.positionWidth = that.imageWidth / 4;
            that.positionHeight = that.imageHeight / 4;

            // 默认是从左上角显示的 
            that.x0 = that.canvasWidth / 2 - that.positionWidth / 2;
            that.y0 = that.canvasHeight / 2 - that.positionHeight / 2;

            // 绘制图片
            that.ctx.drawImage(image, 0, 0, that.positionWidth, that.positionHeight, that.x0,
              that.y0, that.positionWidth, that.positionHeight);

          })
        }
        Person.prototype.loadImage = function(callback){
          var image = new Image();
          // 图片加载完成后执行
          image.onload = function(){
            callback && callback(image);
          }
          image.src = this.src;
        }

        var person = new Person();
      </script>

　　

 

三、绘制小人行走的帧动画

<s<script>
        var Person = function(canvas){
          this.ctx = document.querySelector("canvas").getContext("2d");
          this.canvasWidth = this.ctx.canvas.width;
          this.canvasHeight = this.ctx.canvas.height;
          this.src = "image/04.png";
          this.init();
        }
        Person.prototype.init = function(){
          var that = this;
          this.loadImage(function(image){
            // 获取图片的宽高
            that.imageWidth = image.width;
            that.imageHeight = image.height;
            // 获取单个小怪兽区域的宽高
            that.positionWidth = that.imageWidth / 4;
            that.positionHeight = that.imageHeight / 4;

            // 默认是从左上角显示的 
            that.x0 = that.canvasWidth / 2 - that.positionWidth / 2;
            that.y0 = that.canvasHeight / 2 - that.positionHeight / 2;

            // 绘制图片
            that.ctx.drawImage(image, 0, 0, that.positionWidth, that.positionHeight, that.x0,
              that.y0, that.positionWidth, that.positionHeight);
            var index = 0;
            setInterval(function(){
              that.ctx.clearRect(0, 0, that.canvasWidth, that.canvasHeight);
              index++;
              that.ctx.drawImage(image, index * that.positionWidth, 0, that.positionWidth, that.positionHeight, that.x0, that.y0,
　　　　　　　　 that.positionWidth, that.positionHeight);
              if(index >= 3){
                index = 0;
              }
            }, 100);
          })
        }
        Person.prototype.loadImage = function(callback){
          var image = new Image();
          // 图片加载完成后执行
          image.onload = function(){
            callback && callback(image);
          }
          image.src = this.src;
        }

        var person = new Person();
      </script>

　　

四、绘制疾走的小怪兽

　　可以通过键盘上下左右键控制小人在画布中任意行走

　　　

 <<script>
        var Person = function(canvas){
          this.ctx = document.querySelector("canvas").getContext("2d");
          this.canvasWidth = this.ctx.canvas.width;
          this.canvasHeight = this.ctx.canvas.height;
          this.stepX = 0;
          this.stepY = 0;
          this.stepSize = 10;
          this.index = 0;
          this.direction = 0;
          this.src = "image/04.png";
          this.init();
        }
        Person.prototype.init = function(){
          var that = this;
          this.loadImage(function(image){
            // 获取图片的宽高
            that.imageWidth = image.width;
            that.imageHeight = image.height;
            // 获取单个小怪兽区域的宽高
            that.positionWidth = that.imageWidth / 4;
            that.positionHeight = that.imageHeight / 4;

            // 默认是从左上角显示的 
            that.x0 = that.canvasWidth / 2 - that.positionWidth / 2;
            that.y0 = that.canvasHeight / 2 - that.positionHeight / 2;

            // 绘制图片
            that.ctx.drawImage(image, 0, 0, that.positionWidth, that.positionHeight, that.x0,
              that.y0, that.positionWidth, that.positionHeight);
            var index = 0;
            document.onkeydown = function(e){
              that.ctx.clearRect(0, 0, that.canvasWidth, that.canvasHeight);
              switch(e.keyCode){
                case 37 : 
                  console.log(‘左‘);
                  that.direction = 1;
                  that.stepX--;
                  that.showImage(image);
                  break;
                case 38 : 
                  console.log(‘上‘);
                  that.direction = 3;
                  that.stepY--;
                  that.showImage(image);
                  break;
                case 39 : 
                  console.log(‘右‘);
                  that.direction = 2;
                  that.stepX++;
                  that.showImage(image);
                  break;
                case 40 : 
                  console.log(‘下‘);
                  that.direction = 0;
                  that.stepY++;
                  that.showImage(image);
                  break;

              }
            }
           
          })
        }
        Person.prototype.loadImage = function(callback){
          var image = new Image();
          // 图片加载完成后执行
          image.onload = function(){
            callback && callback(image);
          }
          image.src = this.src;
        }
        Person.prototype.showImage = function(image){
          this.index++;
          console.log(this.index);
           this.ctx.drawImage(image, this.index * this.positionWidth, this.direction * this.positionHeight, this.positionWidth, this.positionHeight, this.x0 + this.stepX * this.stepSize, this.y0 + this.stepY * this.stepSize, this.positionWidth, this.positionHeight);
           if(this.index >= 3){
             this.index = 0;
           }
        }
        var person = new Person();
      </script>