KVM安装与配置

Posted 2020-12-16

安装环境：

CPU:2C

内存:4G

Hostname:kvm.com

IP:172.24.77.241

开始CPU虚拟化功能

确认CPU指令集

grep -E "vmx|svm" /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l

[root@kvm ~]# grep -E "vmx|svm" /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l
2

安装KVM工具包

yum install qemu-kvm qemu-kvm-tools libvirt virt-manager virt-install -y

启动kvm功能

systemctl start libvirtd

设置开机启动

systemctl enable libvirtd

安装virbr0网卡（centos6适合，centos7自动安装）

ifconfig virbr0

查看网卡配置文件对应位置

grep "192.168.122.1" /etc/libvirt/ -R

/etc/libvirt/qemu/networks/autostart/default.xml: <ip address=‘192.168.122.1‘ netmask=‘255.255.255.0‘>
/etc/libvirt/qemu/networks/default.xml: <ip address=‘192.168.122.1‘ netmask=‘255.255.255.0‘>

创建NAT网络虚拟机

创建磁盘

默认保存虚拟机磁盘的路径

ll /var/lib/libvirt/images/

创建一个格式为raw大小为10G的裸磁盘

qemu-img create -f raw /var/lib/libvirt/images/CentOS-7-x86_64.raw 10G

qemu-img create -f qcow2 /var/lib/libvirt/images/centos.qcow2 10G

ll /var/lib/libvirt/images/
total 196
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 197120 Jul 10 00:02 centos.qcow2

上传镜像并安装虚拟机

ll /usr/local/src/
total 8086528
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8280604672 Jul 10 00:14 CentOS-7-x86_64-Everything-1611.iso

创建默认网络虚拟机

virt-install --virt-type kvm --name centos7 --ram 1024 --vcpus 2 --cdrom=/usr/local/src/CentOS-7-x86_64-Everything-1611.iso --disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/centos.qcow2 --network network=default --graphics vnc,listen=0.0.0.0 --noautoconsole

查看KVM进程

ss -tnl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 1 :5900 :
LISTEN 0 5 192.168.122.1:53 :
LISTEN 0 128 :22 :
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 :
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::
LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::

查看所有虚拟机

virsh list --all

Id Name State

2 centos7 shut off

启动虚拟机

virsh start centos7

通过virt-manager管理虚拟机

virt-manager

创建windows 虚拟机

上传win10iso镜像

ll /usr/local/src/
total 12288972
-rw-r--r-- 1 qemu qemu 8280604672 Jul 10 00:14 CentOS-7-x86_64-Everything-1611.iso
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4303300608 Jul 10 00:32 win10pro.iso

qemu-img create -f qcow2 /var/lib/libvirt/images/Windows10.qcow2 40G

ll /var/lib/libvirt/images/

total 1860424
-rw-r--r-- 1 qemu qemu 1249837056 Jul 10 00:33 centos.qcow2
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 197632 Jul 10 00:33 Windows10.qcow2

开始安装

virt-install --virt-type kvm --name Win10 --ram 3072 --vcpus=2 --os-type=windows --cdrom=/usr/local/src/win10pro.iso --disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/Windows10.qcow2,format=qcow2,bus=virtio --disk path=/usr/local/src/virtio-win-0.1.141_amd64.vfd,device=floppy --network bridge=br0,model=virtio --graphics vnc,listen=0.0.0.0 --noautoconsole

virt-install --name=systemname --vcpu=2 --ram=3072 --disk path=path_of_img_or_qcow2,format=qcow2 --boot=hd --network bridge=br0,model=virtio --vnc --vncport=123456 --vnclisten=0.0.0.0 --noautoconsole

创建bridge网络虚拟机

yum install bridge-utils

cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/

vim ifcfg-br0

TYPE=Bridge
BOOTPROTO=static
NAME=br0
DEVICE=br0
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=172.24.77.248
NETMASK=255.255.255.128
GATEWAY=172.24.77.129
DNS1=114.114.114.114

cp ifcfg-ens33 ifcfg-ens33.bak

vim ifcfg-ens33

TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=static
NAME=ens33
DEVICE=ens33
ONBOOT=yes
BRIDGE=br0

重启网络

systemctl restart network

创建磁盘

qemu-img create -f qcow2 /var/lib/libvirt/images/centos7-bridge.qcow2 10G

ll /var/lib/libvirt/images/

total 1345612
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 197120 Jul 10 01:17 centos7-bridge.qcow2

创建桥接网络虚拟机

virt-install --virt-type kvm --name centos7-bridge --ram 1024 --vcpus 2 --cdrom=/usr/local/src/CentOS-7-x86_64-Everything-1611.iso --disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/centos7-bridge.qcow2 --network network=br0 --graphics vnc,listen=0.0.0.0 --noautoconsole