Net Core 多项目开发（net core 类库项目使用）

Posted 2020-08-21

在这之前一直是单个web项目支撑整个.NET Coer Web项目，但是我们都知道在.NET中其实我们一直都是多个项目结合使用的，但是当我们尝试给解决方案中添加Library项目之后，再在web项目中引用的时候一直会有异常，也不知道是nuget版本冲突还是本身类库的项目结构导致的问题。其实这一段时间的实验证明这两者都会有问题，这可能是目前微软需要解决的主要问题，主要是前者。因为本地执行dotnet restore命令的时候不成功的机会远远大于成功的机会，再就是本身想添加nuget的时候会有异常，可能网络环境主宰了这一切。再就是类库本身，可能微软的出发点想是做个通用功能的类库项目，所以在dot net web项目下需要修改类库的project.json文件，同时需要修改引用类库的dot net web项目的project.json文件，文件配置如下：

dot net web 项目的project.json文件结构如下：

{
  "userSecretsId": "aspnet-NETCore.Web-dd329bc3-d2ee-4592-8ab6-a9eee6aa5b0a",

  "dependencies": {
    "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.Cookies": "1.1.0",
    "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics": "1.1.0",
    "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics.EntityFrameworkCore": "1.1.0",
    "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore": "1.1.0",
    "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc": "1.1.0",
    "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Razor.Tools": {
      "version": "1.0.0-preview1-final",
      "type": "build"
    },
    "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.IISIntegration": "1.1.0",
    "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel": "1.1.0",
    "Microsoft.AspNetCore.StaticFiles": "1.1.0",
    "Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer": "1.1.0",
    "Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools": {
      "version": "1.0.0-preview1-final",
      "type": "build"
    },
    "Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.EnvironmentVariables": "1.1.0",
    "Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json": "1.1.0",
    "Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.UserSecrets": "1.1.0",
    "Microsoft.Extensions.Logging": "1.1.0",
    "Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console": "1.1.0",
    "Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Debug": "1.1.0",
    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.BrowserLink.Loader": "14.1.0",
    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.CodeGeneration.Tools": {
      "version": "1.0.0-preview1-final",
      "type": "build"
    },
    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.CodeGenerators.Mvc": {
      "version": "1.0.0-preview1-final",
      "type": "build"
    },
    "NetCore.IBLL": {
      "“version": "1.0.0-*",
      "target": "project"
    },
    "NetCore.Utity": {
      "“version": "1.0.0-*",
      "target": "project"
    },
    "NetCore.ViewModel": {
      "“version": "1.0.0-*",
      "target": "project"
    }
  },

  "tools": {
    "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Razor.Tools": {
      "version": "1.0.0-preview1-final",
      "imports": "portable-net45+win8+dnxcore50"
    },
    "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.IISIntegration.Tools": {
      "version": "1.0.0-preview1-final",
      "imports": "portable-net45+win8+dnxcore50"
    },
    "Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools": {
      "version": "1.0.0-preview1-final",
      "imports": [
        "portable-net45+win8+dnxcore50",
        "portable-net45+win8"
      ]
    },
    "Microsoft.Extensions.SecretManager.Tools": {
      "version": "1.0.0-preview1-final",
      "imports": "portable-net45+win8+dnxcore50"
    },
    "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.CodeGeneration.Tools": {
      "version": "1.0.0-preview1-final",
      "imports": [
        "portable-net45+win8+dnxcore50",
        "portable-net45+win8"
      ]
    }
  },

  "frameworks": {
    "netcoreapp1.0": {
      "dependencies": {
        "Microsoft.NETCore.App": {
          "type": "platform",
          "version": "1.1.0"
        }
      },
      "imports": [
        "dotnet5.6",
        "dnxcore50",
        "portable-net45+win8"
      ]
    }
  },

  "buildOptions": {
    "emitEntryPoint": true,
    "preserveCompilationContext": true
  },

  "runtimeOptions": {
    "gcServer": true
  },

  "publishOptions": {
    "include": [
      "wwwroot",
      "Views",
      "appsettings.json",
      "web.config"
    ]
  },

  "runtimes": {
    "win10-x64": { },
    "win81-x64": { },
    "osx.10.10-x64": { },
    "osx.10.11-x64": { },
    "ubuntu.14.04-x64": { }
  },

  "scripts": {
    "prepublish": [ "npm install", "bower install", "gulp clean", "gulp min" ],
    "postpublish": [ "dotnet publish-iis --publish-folder %publish:OutputPath% --framework %publish:FullTargetFramework%" ]
  }
}

这个配置文件需要注意的点就是引用的类库文件配置项需要加入 "target": "project",例如：

"NetCore.IBLL": {
      "“version": "1.0.0-*",
      "target": "project"
    }

如果没有添加 "target": "project"，则最终的服务无法启动并且会抛出异常

 

再就是web项目本身的引用项

"frameworks": {
    "netcoreapp1.0": {
      "dependencies": {
        "Microsoft.NETCore.App": {
          "type": "platform",
          "version": "1.1.0"
        }
      },
      "imports": [
        "dotnet5.6",
        "dnxcore50",
        "portable-net45+win8"
      ]
    }
  },

最后就是需要注意runtimes节点相关的信息

 "runtimes": {
    "win10-x64": { },
    "win81-x64": { },
    "osx.10.10-x64": { },
    "osx.10.11-x64": { },
    "ubuntu.14.04-x64": { }
  },

我这里就不一一罗列所有的平台项了，有用到的可以到网上查查，如果平台越多则dotnet restore需要的时间则越长。

然后就是类库项目的project.json文件了

{
  "version": "1.0.0-*",

  "buildOptions": {
    "debugType": "portable"
  },

  "dependencies": {
    "NetCore.DI": "1.0.0-*",
    "NetCore.ViewModel": "1.0.0-*"
  },

  "frameworks": {
    "netstandard1.6": {
      "dependencies": {
        "NETStandard.Library": "1.6.1"
      }
    }
  }
}

这个节点的配置信息能少点，因为作为演示项目并没有添加过多的引用项，如果有必要，则引用项 "NetCore.DI": "1.0.0-*", "NetCore.ViewModel": "1.0.0-*"也需要加上"target": "project",则最终的配置文件应该是这个样子的

{
  "version": "1.0.0-*",

  "buildOptions": {
    "debugType": "portable"
  },

  "dependencies": {
    "NetCore.DI": {
      "“version": "1.0.0-*",
      "target": "project"
    },
    "NetCore.ViewModel": {
      "“version": "1.0.0-*",
      "target": "project"
    }
  },

  "frameworks": {
    "netstandard1.6": {
      "dependencies": {
        "NETStandard.Library": "1.6.1"
      }
    }
  }
}

那么到此你的添加了类库项目的NET Core Web项目则能够正常运行。