kubeadm搭建k8s(v1.17.3)集群与Kubespere定制化安装
Posted rmxd
tags:
篇首语：本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理，主要介绍了kubeadm搭建k8s(v1.17.3)集群与Kubespere定制化安装相关的知识，希望对你有一定的参考价值。
?前言：不断学习就是程序员的宿命
一、kubeadm搭建k8s集群
1、系统准备
?3台ECS实例
| IP | 主机名 | 配置 |
|---|---|---|
| 172.16.193.4 | node01 | 8C、16G |
| 172.16.193.5 | node02 | 8C、16G |
| 172.16.193.6 | node03 | 8C、16G |
2、环境配置
2.1 关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
2.2 关闭selinux
sed -i ‘s/enforcing/disabled/‘ /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0
2.3 关闭swap
swapoff -a #临时关闭
sed -ri ‘s/.*swap.*/#&/‘ /etc/fstab #永久关闭
free -g #验证，swap必须为0
2.4 配置主机名
查看主机名:hostname
如果主机名不正确，可以通过“hostnamectl set-hostname
vim /etc/hosts
172.16.193.4 node1
172.16.193.5 node2
172.16.193.6 node3
2.5 配置内核参数
将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf <<EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
#应用规则
sysctl --system
3、安装Docker
Kubenetes默认CRI（容器运行时）为Docker，因此先安装Docker。
3.1安装Docker
sudo yum remove docker docker-client docker-client-latest docker-common docker-latest docker-latest-logrotate docker-logrotate docker-engine
3.2安装Docker -CE
$ sudo yum install -y yum-utils
$ sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
$ #配置阿里云-docker
yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
$ sudo yum -y install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
3.3配置镜像加速
这里使用的是 阿里云镜像服务
sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-‘EOF‘
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://0v8k2rvr.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker
3.4启动Docker && 设置docker开机启动
systemctl enable docker
4、安装kubeadm、kubelet、kubectl
4.1添加阿里yum源
cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
repo_gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF
4.2安装kubeadm、kubelet、kubectl
yum install -y kubelet-1.17.3 kubeadm-1.17.3 kubectl-1.17.3 --setopt=obsoletes=0
4.3设置开机启动
systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl start kubelet
4.4查看kubelet状态
systemctl status kubelet
4.5查看kubelet版本
kubelet --version
5、部署k8s-master
5.1在Master节点上，创建并执行master_images.sh，脚本内容如下
#!/bin/bash
images=(
kube-apiserver:v1.17.3
kube-proxy:v1.17.3
kube-controller-manager:v1.17.3
kube-scheduler:v1.17.3
coredns:1.6.5
etcd:3.4.3-0
pause:3.1
)
for imageName in ${images[@]} ; do
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/$imageName
# docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/$imageName k8s.gcr.io/$imageName
done
5.2初始化kubeadm
kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=1.17.3 --apiserver-advertise-address=172.16.193.4 --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --service-cidr=10.10.0.0/16 --pod-network-cidr=10.122.0.0/16
执行结果如下:
jieguo
由于默认拉取镜像地址k8s.cr.io国内无法访问，这里指定阿里云仓库地址。可以手动按照我们的images.sh先拉取镜像。
地址变为：registry.aliyuncs.com/googole_containers也可以。
科普：无类别域间路由（Classless Inter-Domain Routing 、CIDR）是一个用于给用户分配IP地址以及在互联网上有效第路由IP数据包的对IP地址进行归类的方法。
拉取可能失败，需要下载镜像。
运行完成提前复制：加入集群的令牌。
5.3测试kubectl（主节点执行）
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
详细部署文档
$ kubectl get nodes #获取所有节点
目前Master状态为notready。等待网络加入完成即可。
$ journalctl -u kubelet #查看kubelet日志
kubeadm join 10.0.2.15:6443 --token sg47f3.4asffoi6ijb8ljhq --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:81fccdd29970cbc1b7dc7f171ac0234d53825bdf9b05428fc9e6767436991bfb
5.4安装POD网络插件（CNI）
在master节点上执行按照POD网络插件
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flanne/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
以上地址可能被墙，可以直接获取本地已经下载的flannel.yml运行即可，如:
本地flannel.yml
---
apiVersion: policy/v1beta1
kind: PodSecurityPolicy
metadata:
name: psp.flannel.unprivileged
annotations:
seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: docker/default
seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: docker/default
apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: runtime/default
apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: runtime/default
spec:
privileged: false
volumes:
- configMap
- secret
- emptyDir
- hostPath
allowedHostPaths:
- pathPrefix: "/etc/cni/net.d"
- pathPrefix: "/etc/kube-flannel"
- pathPrefix: "/run/flannel"
readOnlyRootFilesystem: false
# Users and groups
runAsUser:
rule: RunAsAny
supplementalGroups:
rule: RunAsAny
fsGroup:
rule: RunAsAny
# Privilege Escalation
allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
defaultAllowPrivilegeEscalation: false
# Capabilities
allowedCapabilities: [‘NET_ADMIN‘]
defaultAddCapabilities: []
requiredDropCapabilities: []
# Host namespaces
hostPID: false
hostIPC: false
hostNetwork: true
hostPorts:
- min: 0
max: 65535
# SELinux
seLinux:
# SELinux is unused in CaaSP
rule: ‘RunAsAny‘
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
name: flannel
rules:
- apiGroups: [‘extensions‘]
resources: [‘podsecuritypolicies‘]
verbs: [‘use‘]
resourceNames: [‘psp.flannel.unprivileged‘]
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- pods
verbs:
- get
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes/status
verbs:
- patch
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
name: flannel
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: flannel
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: flannel
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: flannel
namespace: kube-system
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
data:
cni-conf.json: |
{
"name": "cbr0",
"cniVersion": "0.3.1",
"plugins": [
{
"type": "flannel",
"delegate": {
"hairpinMode": true,
"isDefaultGateway": true
}
},
{
"type": "portmap",
"capabilities": {
"portMappings": true
}
}
]
}
net-conf.json: |
{
"Network": "10.244.0.0/16",
"Backend": {
"Type": "vxlan"
}
}
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-ds-amd64
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: flannel
template:
metadata:
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
affinity:
nodeAffinity:
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: beta.kubernetes.io/os
operator: In
values:
- linux
- key: beta.kubernetes.io/arch
operator: In
values:
- amd64
hostNetwork: true
tolerations:
- operator: Exists
effect: NoSchedule
serviceAccountName: flannel
initContainers:
- name: install-cni
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64
command:
- cp
args:
- -f
- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
volumeMounts:
- name: cni
mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
containers:
- name: kube-flannel
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64
command:
- /opt/bin/flanneld
args:
- --ip-masq
- --kube-subnet-mgr
resources:
requests:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
limits:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
securityContext:
privileged: false
capabilities:
add: ["NET_ADMIN"]
env:
- name: POD_NAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.name
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
volumeMounts:
- name: run
mountPath: /run/flannel
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
volumes:
- name: run
hostPath:
path: /run/flannel
- name: cni
hostPath:
path: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
configMap:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-ds-arm64
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: flannel
template:
metadata:
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
affinity:
nodeAffinity:
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: beta.kubernetes.io/os
operator: In
values:
- linux
- key: beta.kubernetes.io/arch
operator: In
values:
- arm64
hostNetwork: true
tolerations:
- operator: Exists
effect: NoSchedule
serviceAccountName: flannel
initContainers:
- name: install-cni
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-arm64
command:
- cp
args:
- -f
- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
volumeMounts:
- name: cni
mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
containers:
- name: kube-flannel
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-arm64
command:
- /opt/bin/flanneld
args:
- --ip-masq
- --kube-subnet-mgr
resources:
requests:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
limits:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
securityContext:
privileged: false
capabilities:
add: ["NET_ADMIN"]
env:
- name: POD_NAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.name
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
volumeMounts:
- name: run
mountPath: /run/flannel
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
volumes:
- name: run
hostPath:
path: /run/flannel
- name: cni
hostPath:
path: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
configMap:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-ds-arm
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: flannel
template:
metadata:
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
affinity:
nodeAffinity:
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: beta.kubernetes.io/os
operator: In
values:
- linux
- key: beta.kubernetes.io/arch
operator: In
values:
- arm
hostNetwork: true
tolerations:
- operator: Exists
effect: NoSchedule
serviceAccountName: flannel
initContainers:
- name: install-cni
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-arm
command:
- cp
args:
- -f
- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
volumeMounts:
- name: cni
mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
containers:
- name: kube-flannel
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-arm
command:
- /opt/bin/flanneld
args:
- --ip-masq
- --kube-subnet-mgr
resources:
requests:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
limits:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
securityContext:
privileged: false
capabilities:
add: ["NET_ADMIN"]
env:
- name: POD_NAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.name
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
volumeMounts:
- name: run
mountPath: /run/flannel
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
volumes:
- name: run
hostPath:
path: /run/flannel
- name: cni
hostPath:
path: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
configMap:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-ds-ppc64le
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: flannel
template:
metadata:
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
affinity:
nodeAffinity:
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: beta.kubernetes.io/os
operator: In
values:
- linux
- key: beta.kubernetes.io/arch
operator: In
values:
- ppc64le
hostNetwork: true
tolerations:
- operator: Exists
effect: NoSchedule
serviceAccountName: flannel
initContainers:
- name: install-cni
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-ppc64le
command:
- cp
args:
- -f
- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
volumeMounts:
- name: cni
mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
containers:
- name: kube-flannel
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-ppc64le
command:
- /opt/bin/flanneld
args:
- --ip-masq
- --kube-subnet-mgr
resources:
requests:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
limits:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
securityContext:
privileged: false
capabilities:
add: ["NET_ADMIN"]
env:
- name: POD_NAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.name
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
volumeMounts:
- name: run
mountPath: /run/flannel
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
volumes:
- name: run
hostPath:
path: /run/flannel
- name: cni
hostPath:
path: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
configMap:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-ds-s390x
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: flannel
template:
metadata:
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
affinity:
nodeAffinity:
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: beta.kubernetes.io/os
operator: In
values:
- linux
- key: beta.kubernetes.io/arch
operator: In
values:
- s390x
hostNetwork: true
tolerations:
- operator: Exists
effect: NoSchedule
serviceAccountName: flannel
initContainers:
- name: install-cni
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-s390x
command:
- cp
args:
- -f
- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
volumeMounts:
- name: cni
mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
containers:
- name: kube-flannel
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-s390x
command:
- /opt/bin/flanneld
args:
- --ip-masq
- --kube-subnet-mgr
resources:
requests:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
limits:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
securityContext:
privileged: false
capabilities:
add: ["NET_ADMIN"]
env:
- name: POD_NAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.name
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
volumeMounts:
- name: run
mountPath: /run/flannel
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
volumes:
- name: run
hostPath:
path: /run/flannel
- name: cni
hostPath:
path: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
configMap:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
[root@node1 k8s]# kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml
podsecuritypolicy.policy/psp.flannel.unprivileged created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/flannel created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/flannel created
serviceaccount/flannel created
configmap/kube-flannel-cfg created
daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds-amd64 created
daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds-arm64 created
daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds-arm created
daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds-ppc64le created
daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds-s390x created
[root@node1 k8s]#
同时flannel.yml中指定的images访问不到可以去docker hub找一个wget yml地址
vi 修改yml 所有amd64的地址修改了即可
等待大约3分钟
kubectl get pods -n kube-system 查看指定名称空间的pods
kubectl get pods -all-namespace 查看所有名称空间的pods
$ ip link set cni0 down 如果网络出现问题，关闭cni0，重启虚拟机继续测试
执行watch kubectl get pod -n kube-system -o wide 监控pod进度
等待3-10分钟，完全都是running以后继续
查看命名空间：
[root@node1 k8s]# kubectl get ns
NAME STATUS AGE
default Active 30m
kube-node-lease Active 30m
kube-public Active 30m
kube-system Active 30m
[root@k8s-node1 k8s]#
[root@k8s-node1 k8s]# kubectl get pods --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kube-system coredns-546565776c-9sbmk 0/1 Pending 0 31m
kube-system coredns-546565776c-t68mr 0/1 Pending 0 31m
kube-system etcd-k8s-node1 1/1 Running 0 31m
kube-system kube-apiserver-k8s-node1 1/1 Running 0 31m
kube-system kube-controller-manager-k8s-node1 1/1 Running 0 31m
kube-system kube-flannel-ds-amd64-6xwth 1/1 Running 0 2m50s
kube-system kube-proxy-sz2vz 1/1 Running 0 31m
kube-system kube-scheduler-k8s-node1 1/1 Running 0 31m
[root@k8s-node1 k8s]#
查看master上的节点信息：
[root@k8s-node1 k8s]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-node1 Ready master 34m v1.17.3 #status为ready才能够执行下面的命令
[root@k8s-node1 k8s]#
5.5node02和node03节点加入集群
最后再次执行，并且分别在“k8s-node2”和“k8s-node3”上也执行这里命令：
kubeadm join 10.0.2.15:6443 --token sg47f3.4asffoi6ijb8ljhq --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:81fccdd29970cbc1b7dc7f171ac0234d53825bdf9b05428fc9e6767436991bfb
主节点查看
[root@k8s-node1 opt]# kubectl get nodes;
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-node1 Ready master 47m v1.17.3
k8s-node2 NotReady <none> 75s v1.17.3
k8s-node3 NotReady <none> 76s v1.17.3
[root@k8s-node1 opt]#
监控pod进度
watch kubectl get pod -n kube-system -o wide
等到所有的status都变为running状态后，再次查看节点信息：
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# kubectl get nodes;
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-node1 Ready master 3h50m v1.17.3
k8s-node2 Ready <none> 3h3m v1.17.3
k8s-node3 Ready <none> 3h3m v1.17.3
[root@k8s-node1 ~]#
5.6token过期处理
在node节点中执行，向集群中添加新的节点，执行在kubeadm init 输出的kubeadm join命令；
确保node节点成功：
token过期怎么办
kubeadm token create --print-join-command
5.7集群查看
kubectl get nodes #主节点执行查看所有节点
kubectl get pods --all-namespaces #主节点查看所有pod
二、kubespere定制化安装
以上是关于kubeadm搭建k8s(v1.17.3)集群与Kubespere定制化安装的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章