DOCKER 相关的一些用法

Posted 2020-12-09 ssaylo

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篇首语：本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理，主要介绍了DOCKER 相关的一些用法相关的知识，希望对你有一定的参考价值。

这就是 docker 官网 tutorial 的一个流程

my first docker app

Create a file named Dockerfile with the following contents.

FROM node:12-alpine
WORKDIR /app
COPY . .
RUN yarn install --production
CMD ["node", "/app/src/index.js"]

Build the container image using the docker build command.

// build 打上一个 tag
docker build -t getting-started

Start your container using the docker run command and specify the name of the image we just created:

// 把 docker 里面的 3000 端口暴露到 3000 端口上
docker run -dp 3000:3000 getting-started

然后可以从 dashboard 里面看到 docker container 里的 image 的运行情况

Updating our App

adding and save your code
Let‘s build our updated version of the image, using the same command we used before.

// 重新打个标记
docker build -t getting-started

Let‘s start a new container using the updated code.

// 启动 docker
docker run -dp 3000:3000 getting-started

Uh oh! You probably saw an error like this (the IDs will be different):

// 出错啦
docker: Error response from daemon: driver failed programming external connectivity on endpoint laughing_burnell 
(bb242b2ca4d67eba76e79474fb36bb5125708ebdabd7f45c8eaf16caaabde9dd): Bind for 0.0.0.0:3000 failed: port is already allocated.

so,Replacing our Old Container? or using an another a port

Get the ID of the container by using the docker ps command.

// 查看 docker 正在跑的进程与端口
docker ps

Use the docker stop command to stop the container.

//Swap out <the-container-id> with the ID from docker ps
docker stop <the-container-id>

Once the container has stopped, you can remove it by using the docker rm command

docker rm <the-container-id>

finally:

docker run -dp 3000:3000 getting-started

your new app is launching

Docker操作

在 Docker 中删除 image 时有时会遇到类似

Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to delete 6ec9a5a0fc9f (cannot be forced) - image has dependent child images

这样的错误，原因是有另外的 image FROM 了这个 image，可以使用下面的命令列出所有在指定 image 之后创建的 image 的父 image

docker image inspect --format=‘{{.RepoTags}} {{.Id}} {{.Parent}}‘ $(docker image ls -q --filter since=xxxxxx)

其中 xxxxxx 是报错 image 的 id，在文章开头的例子中就是 6ec9a5a0fc9f。从列表中查找到之后就可以核对并删除这些 image。
示例

1、查看我的镜像列表。

? ~ docker images -a
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
b707620d204c 8 hours ago 179MB
tingfeng/dockerfile_build_demo latest 6586e000b464 8 hours ago 179MB
54f305491871 10 hours ago 122MB
97ea9f11c94f 10 hours ago 81.2MB
tingfeng/commit_test latest 58fac7144497 31 hours ago 234MB
tomcat latest 61205f6444f9 2 weeks ago 467MB
ubuntu latest 113a43faa138 2 weeks ago 81.2MB
nginx latest cd5239a0906a 2 weeks ago 109MB
hello-world latest e38bc07ac18e 2 months ago 1.85kB

2、删除none的镜像（删不掉）
? ~ docker rmi b707620d204c
Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to delete b707620d204c (cannot be forced) - image has dependent child images
? ~ docker rmi 97ea9f11c94f
Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to delete 97ea9f11c94f (cannot be forced) - image has dependent child images
? ~ docker rmi -f 54f305491871
Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to delete 54f305491871 (cannot be forced) - image has dependent child images
3、查找出所有在指定 image 之后创建的 image 的父 image，本示例看得出是同一个依赖镜像 tingfeng/dockerfile_build_demo

? ~ docker image inspect --format=‘{{.RepoTags}} {{.Id}} {{.Parent}}‘ $(docker image ls -q --filter since=b707620d204c)
[tingfeng/dockerfile_build_demo:latest] sha256:6586e000b464654f420b0aa9cf6c3c61cc29edfbbe7cc5cb5d6e0fe037efaf87 sha256:b707620d204ca475f13394b14614e1f2fde986931c925cd8cc8e8bb3de7debe3

? ~ docker image inspect --format=‘{{.RepoTags}} {{.Id}} {{.Parent}}‘ $(docker image ls -q --filter since=54f305491871)
[tingfeng/dockerfile_build_demo:latest] sha256:6586e000b464654f420b0aa9cf6c3c61cc29edfbbe7cc5cb5d6e0fe037efaf87 sha256:b707620d204ca475f13394b14614e1f2fde986931c925cd8cc8e8bb3de7debe3

? ~ docker image inspect --format=‘{{.RepoTags}} {{.Id}} {{.Parent}}‘ $(docker image ls -q --filter since=97ea9f11c94f)
[tingfeng/dockerfile_build_demo:latest] sha256:6586e000b464654f420b0aa9cf6c3c61cc29edfbbe7cc5cb5d6e0fe037efaf87 sha256:b707620d204ca475f13394b14614e1f2fde986931c925cd8cc8e8bb3de7debe3

4、删除关联的依赖镜像，关联的none镜像也会被删除

? ~ docker rmi 6586e000b464
Untagged: tingfeng/dockerfile_build_demo:latest
Deleted: sha256:6586e000b464654f420b0aa9cf6c3c61cc29edfbbe7cc5cb5d6e0fe037efaf87
Deleted: sha256:b707620d204ca475f13394b14614e1f2fde986931c925cd8cc8e8bb3de7debe3
Deleted: sha256:c241c7f781a3176d395b38a7e96eb2e0b7e031e622ad9d14eaa9098de1a063d1
Deleted: sha256:54f305491871f5609295cd6c59f304401761c7fa96bdda8a74968358c54ba402
Deleted: sha256:be4d80c4407bde1fe700983ad805a0237a148d7af04e8bf2197fc040ae654acb
Deleted: sha256:97ea9f11c94fb8f76288361e37f884d639c6ea918bc6142feee2409e7ff43791

5、再次查看镜像列表

? ~ docker images -a
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
tingfeng/commit_test latest 58fac7144497 31 hours ago 234MB
tomcat latest 61205f6444f9 2 weeks ago 467MB
ubuntu latest 113a43faa138 2 weeks ago 81.2MB
nginx latest cd5239a0906a 2 weeks ago 109MB
hello-world latest e38bc07ac18e 2 months ago 1.85kB

其他操作

停止所有容器

? ~ docker ps -a | grep "Exited" | awk ‘{print $1 }‘|xargs docker stop

删除所有容器

? ~ docker ps -a | grep "Exited" | awk ‘{print $1 }‘|xargs docker rm

删除所有none容器

? ~ docker images|grep none|awk ‘{print $3 }‘|xargs docker rmi