20-高级路由：OSPF -特殊区域 GRE

Posted 2020-12-02

一、实验拓扑：

二、命令部署：
1、R1和R3部署隧道：分别给R1、R3上隧道配地址、设置Tunnel的源地址、目的地址、模式、静态路由
R3(config)#interface tunnel 3
R3(config-if)#ip add 31.1.1.3 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#tunnel source 3.3.3.3 可以是环回口地址：
R3(config-if)#tunnel destination 1.1.1.1
R3(config-if)#tunnel mode gre ip
R3#show run int tunnel 3 //查看tunnel的配置
R3#ping 1.1.1.1 source 3.3.3.3 //tunnel的源目地址是否可以ping通

R3(config)#ip route 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 13.1.1.1

同理：R1部署Tunnel
R1(config)#interface tunnel 1
R1(config-if)#ip add 31.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#tunnel source 1.1.1.1
R1(config-if)#tunnel destination 3.3.3.3
R1(config-if)#tunnel mode gre ip

R1(config)#ip route 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255 13.1.1.3

2、将Tunnel网段地址到Area 0
R3(config)#router ospf 110
R3(config-router)#network 31.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

R1(config)#router ospf 110
R1(config-router)#network 31.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

三、验证：
1、配置验证：
①查看Tunnel配置
R3#show run int tunnel 3
interface Tunnel3
ip address 31.1.1.3 255.255.255.0
tunnel source 3.3.3.3
tunnel destination 1.1.1.1
②Tunnel的源目是否可以Ping通
R3#ping 1.1.1.1 source 3.3.3.3
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 3.3.3.3
!!!!!
③部署静态路由到1.1.1.1，因为不允许将Tunnel的IP地址和源目同时宣告进OSPF，否则将会是Tunnel一会起来，一会挂掉。
R3#show ip route
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 1.1.1.1 [1/0] via 13.1.1.1
2、部署完成后，查看R5否有对方路由条目：
R5#show ip route ospf
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 2.2.2.2 [110/11114] via 35.1.1.3, 00:00:34, FastEthernet0/0
4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 4.4.4.4 [110/11115] via 35.1.1.3, 00:00:34, FastEthernet0/0
24.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 24.1.1.0 [110/11114] via 35.1.1.3, 00:00:34, FastEthernet0/0
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 12.1.1.0 [110/11113] via 35.1.1.3, 00:00:34, FastEthernet0/0
13.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 13.1.1.0 [110/2] via 35.1.1.3, 00:05:20, FastEthernet0/0
31.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 31.1.1.0 [110/11112] via 35.1.1.3, 00:05:20, FastEthernet0/0

R2#show ip route ospf
35.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 35.1.1.0 [110/11113] via 12.1.1.1, 00:02:26, FastEthernet0/0
4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 4.4.4.4 [110/2] via 24.1.1.4, 00:39:03, FastEthernet1/0
5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 5.5.5.5 [110/11114] via 12.1.1.1, 00:02:26, FastEthernet0/0
13.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 13.1.1.0 [110/2] via 12.1.1.1, 00:02:26, FastEthernet0/0
31.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 31.1.1.0 [110/11112] via 12.1.1.1, 00:02:26, FastEthernet0/0

R5#ping 2.2.2.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!