使用python操作word

Posted 2020-09-20

有两种方式:

• 使用win32com
• 使用docx

 

1.使用win32com扩展包

只对windows平台有效

代码:

# coding=utf-8
import win32com
from win32com.client import Dispatch, DispatchEx

word = Dispatch(‘Word.Application‘)  # 打开word应用程序
# word = DispatchEx(‘Word.Application‘) #启动独立的进程
word.Visible = 0  # 后台运行,不显示
word.DisplayAlerts = 0  # 不警告
path = ‘G:/WorkSpace/Python/tmp/test.docx‘  # word文件路径
doc = word.Documents.Open(FileName=path, Encoding=‘gbk‘)
# content = doc.Range(doc.Content.Start, doc.Content.End)
# content = doc.Range()
print ‘----------------‘
print ‘段落数: ‘, doc.Paragraphs.count

# 利用下标遍历段落
for i in range(len(doc.Paragraphs)):
    para = doc.Paragraphs[i]
    print para.Range.text
print ‘-------------------------‘

# 直接遍历段落
for para in doc.paragraphs:
    print para.Range.text
    # print para  #只能用于文档内容全英文的情况

doc.Close()  # 关闭word文档
# word.Quit  #关闭word程序

 

2.使用docx扩展包

优点:不依赖操作系统,跨平台

安装:

pip install python-docx

参考文档: https://python-docx.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html

代码:

import docx

def read_docx(file_name):
    doc = docx.Document(file_name)
    content = ‘\n‘.join([para.text for para in doc.paragraphs])
    return content

创建表格

# coding=utf-8
import docx

doc = docx.Document()
table = doc.add_table(rows=1, cols=3, style=‘Table Grid‘) #创建带边框的表格
hdr_cells = table.rows[0].cells  # 获取第0行所有所有单元格
hdr_cells[0].text = ‘Name‘
hdr_cells[1].text = ‘Id‘
hdr_cells[2].text = ‘Desc‘

# 添加三行数据
data_lines = 3
for i in range(data_lines):
    cells = table.add_row().cells
    cells[0].text = ‘Name%s‘ % i
    cells[1].text = ‘Id%s‘ % i
    cells[2].text = ‘Desc%s‘ % i

rows = 2
cols = 4
table = doc.add_table(rows=rows, cols=cols)
val = 1
for i in range(rows):
    cells = table.rows[i].cells
    for j in range(cols):
        cells[j].text = str(val * 10)
        val += 1

doc.save(‘tmp.docx‘)

读取表格

# coding=utf-8
import docx

doc = docx.Document(‘tmp.docx‘)
for table in doc.tables:  # 遍历所有表格
    print ‘----table------‘
    for row in table.rows:  # 遍历表格的所有行
        # row_str = ‘\t‘.join([cell.text for cell in row.cells])  # 一行数据
        # print row_str
        for cell in row.cells:
            print cell.text, ‘\t‘,
        print

 相关样式参考: https://python-docx.readthedocs.io/en/latest/user/styles-understanding.html