Python之路66-Django中的Cookie和Session
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目录
一、Cookie
二、Session
一、Cookie
1.获取Cookie
request.COOKIES["key"] request.get_signed_cookie(key, default=RAISE_ERROR, s, max_age=None) # 参数 # default：默认值 # salt：加密盐 # max_age：后台控制过期时间
2.设置Cookie
rep = HttpResponse(...) 或 rep = render(request, ...) rep.set_cookie(key, value, ...) rep.set_signed_cookie(key, value, salt="加密盐", ...) # 如果只有key、value默认关闭浏览器后cookie就失效了，这里可以设置以下一些参数来自定义 # 参数 # key, 键 # value="", 值 # max_age=None, 超时时间，默认秒 # expires=None, 超时时间，到什么时候截止 # path="/", Cookie生效的路径，/表示跟路径，特殊的：跟路径的cookie可以被任何url的页面访问 # domain=None, Cookie生效的域名 # secure=False, https传输 # httponly=False, 只能http协议传输，无法被JavaScript获取（不是绝对，底层抓包可以获取到也可以被覆盖）
由于cookie保存在客户端的电脑上，所以，JavaScript和jQuery也可以操作cookie
<script src="/static/js/jquery.cookie.js"></script>
$.cookie("list_pager_num", 30, {path:"/"});通过cookie来实现用户登录
urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url from django.contrib import admin from django.conf.urls import include from app01 import views urlpatterns = [ url(r‘^admin/‘, admin.site.urls), url(r‘^login/‘, views.login), url(r‘^index/‘, views.index), ]
views.py
user_info = {
"dachengzi" : {"pwd": "123123"},
"kangbazi": {"pwd": "kkkkkk"},
}
def login(request):
if request.method == "GET":
return render(request, "login.html")
if request.method == "POST":
u = request.POST.get("username")
p = request.POST.get("password")
dic = user_info.get(u)
if not dic:
return render(request, "login.html")
if dic["pwd"] == p:
res = redirect("/index/")
res.set_cookie("username", u)
return res
else:
return render(request, "login.html")
def index(request):
# 获取当前已经登录的用户名
v = request.COOKIES.get("username")
if not v:
return redirect("/login")
return render(request, "index.html", {"current_user": v})login.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <form action="/login/" method="POST"> <input type="text" name="username" placeholder="用户名"/> <input type="password" name="password" placeholder="密码"/> <input type="submit" /> </form> </body> </html>
index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>欢迎登录,{{ current_user }}</h1>
</body>
</html>通过cookie实现定制显示数据条目
这里引入了一个jQuery的插件
jquery.cookie.js
操作
<!--设置cookie-->
$.cookie("per_page_count", v, {path: "/user_list/"});
<!--获取cookie-->
$.cookie("per_page_count");urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url from django.contrib import admin from django.conf.urls import include from app01 import views urlpatterns = [ url(r‘^admin/‘, admin.site.urls), url(r‘^user_list/‘, views.user_list), ]
views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
from django.shortcuts import redirect
# Create your views here.
from django.urls import reverse
from utils import pagination
LIST = []
for i in range(1009):
LIST.append(i)
def user_list(request):
current_page = request.GET.get("p", 1)
current_page = int(current_page)
val = request.COOKIES.get("per_page_count")
print(val)
if val:
val = int(val)
page_obj = pagination.Page(current_page, len(LIST), val)
data = LIST[page_obj.start:page_obj.end]
page_str = page_obj.page_str("/user_list/")
return render(request, "user_list.html", {"li": data, "page_str": page_str})
else:
page_obj = pagination.Page(current_page, len(LIST))
data = LIST[page_obj.start:page_obj.end]
page_str = page_obj.page_str("/user_list/")
rep = render(request, "user_list.html", {"li": data, "page_str": page_str})
rep.set_cookie("per_page_count", "10", path="/user_list/")
return repuser_list.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<style>
.pagination .page{
display: inline-block;
padding: 5px;
background-color: cyan;
margin: 5px;
}
.pagination .page.active{
background-color: brown;
color: black;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<ul>
{% for item in li %}
{% include "li.html" %}
{% endfor %}
</ul>
<div>
<select id="px" onchange="changePageSize(this);">
<option value="10">10</option>
<option value="30">30</option>
<option value="50">50</option>
<option value="100">100</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="pagination">
{{ page_str }}
</div>
<script src="/static/jquery-1.12.4.js"></script>
<script src="/static/jquery.cookie.js"></script>
<script>
$(function () {
var v = $.cookie("per_page_count");
$("#px").val(v);
});
function changePageSize(ths) {
var v = $(ths).val();
$.cookie("per_page_count", v, {path: "/user_list/"});
location.reload();
}
</script>
</body>
</html>本文出自 “八英里” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://5921271.blog.51cto.com/5911271/1929633
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