python paramiko模块SSH自动登录linux系统进行操作

Posted 2020-08-15

1). Linux系统首先要开启SSH服务：service ssh status

如果没安装的话，则要：apt-get install openssh-server

service ssh restart

2). pip install paramiko

 

 

example 1:

import paramiko
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
ssh.connect(‘192.168.80.139‘, username = ‘allen‘, password = ‘allen‘, timeout = 300)
cmd = ‘cd‘
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(cmd)
cmd = ‘ls python‘
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(cmd)
print stdout.read()
#for std in stdout.readlines():
#    print std
ssh.close()

如果运行此脚本后“Multibackend cannot be initialized with no backends. If you are seeing this error when trying to use default_backend() please try uninstalling and reinstalling cryptography." 这个错误，那么就：

pip uninstall paramiko
pip install paramiko==1.17参考：http://stackoverflow.com/questions/37135521/paramiko-transport-throws-runtime-valueerror-while-connecting-to-remote-server-u

脚本二在远程服务器上执行相应命令
import sys 
import paramiko 
  
hostname = sys.argv[1] 
command = " ".join(sys.argv[2:]) 
port=22
username="allen"
password="allen"
if __name__=="__main__": 
    s=paramiko.SSHClient() 
    s.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) 
    s.connect(hostname,port,username,password) 
    stdin,stdout,sterr=s.exec_command(command) 
    print stdout.read() 
    s.close()

脚本三:管理多台服务器：批量查询ip列表中对应服务器的磁盘使用情况
import paramiko 
port = 22
username = "allen"
file=open("ip.list")
for line in file: 
    hostname = str(line.split("\t")[1]) 
    password = str(line.split("\t")[4]).strip() 
    print "##########################",hostname,"########################"
    s = paramiko.SSHClient() 
    s.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) 
    s.connect(hostname, port, username, password) 
    stdin,stdout,sterr = s.exec_command("df -Th") 
    print stdout.read() 
    s.close() 
file.close()

ip.list内容：
dx 192.168.0.1 22 root loveyou

脚本四:类似于脚本二,在所有远程服务器上执行相应命令

import paramiko 
import sys 
port=22
username="root"
command = " ".join(sys.argv[1:]) 
file=open("ip.list") 
for line in file: 
    hostname=str(line.split("\t")[1]) 
    password=str(line.split("\t")[4]).strip() 
    print "##################",hostname,"######################"
    s=paramiko.SSHClient() 
    s.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) 
    s.connect(hostname,port,username,password) 
    stdin,stdout,sterr=s.exec_command(command) 
    print stdout.read() 
    s.close() 
file.close()


下面是通过ssh的dsa或rsa公钥验证批量登录服务器执行命令:
import paramiko 
import sys, os 
port = 22
username = "root"
key_file = "~/.ssh/authorized_keys"
know_host = "/home/larry/.ssh/known_hosts"
command = " ".join(sys.argv[1:]) ####获取命令行参数 
file = open("ip.list") 
for line in file: 
    hostname = str(line.split(" ")[1]) ####截取ip字段 
    print "#####################################",hostname,"###############################################"
    s = paramiko.SSHClient() 
    s.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) 
    s.load_system_host_keys(know_host) 
    s.connect(hostname, port, username, key_file) 
    stdin, stdout, sterr = s.exec_command(command) 
    print stdout.read().strip() 
    s.close() 
file.close()