python之random模块

Posted 2020-09-11

random模块

   用于生成随机浮点数、整数、字符串和随机抽取元素

方法：

random()  生成一个随机浮点数，范围在0.0~1.0之间

uniform(上限,下限)  在设置的范围内，随机生成一个浮点数（上下限可以是整数，浮点数）

randint(上限,下限)  在设定的范围内，随机生成一个整数（上下限必须为整数）

choice(序列)  从任何序列中选取一个随机的元素返回

shuffle(序列)  随机打乱一个序列中元素的顺序

sample(序列,长度)  从指定的序列中随机截取指定长度的片断，序列本身不做修改

例：

>>> import random

>>> random.random()

0.8447582194835284

random.uniform(1,5)

3.331346403458685

random.randint(1,5)

4

>>> a=range(1,10)

>>> random.choice(a)

64

>>> random.shuffle(a)

>>> print a

[7, 2, 5, 9, 1, 3, 4, 8, 6]

>>> random.sample(a,3)

[7, 5, 8]

猜数字游戏
会在1至99之间随机生成一个最终数字答案和一个幸运值，设定有6次机会，会根据输入大小进行比对 有相应提示。去试一试吧。如果猜中幸运值会增加机会哦。

#！/usr/bin/python

import random

secret = random.randint (1,99)

guess = 0

tries = 0

print "AHOY! i‘m the Dread Pirate Roberts, and I have a secret!"

print "It is a number from 1 to 99. I‘ll give you 6 tries."

while guess != secret and tries < 6:

    lucky = random.randint(1,99)

    reward = random.choice(range(1,5))

#    print lucky

    guess = input( "What‘s yer guess?")

    if guess < secret:

        print "Too low,ye scurvy dog!"

    elif guess > secret:

        print "Too high,landlubber!"

    tries += 1

    if guess == lucky:

        tries = tries - reward

        print "You are lucky! Increase the chance of " + str(reward)

if guess == secret:

    print "Avast! Ye got it! Found my secret,ye did!"

else:

    print "No more guesses! Better luck next time,matey!"

    print "The secret number was",secret

    print "Lucky Numbers is " + str(lucky)

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