简说Python WEBFlask应用的单元测试

Posted 2021-03-04 东瑜

【简说Python WEB】Flask应用的单元测试

tests/test_basics.py

import unittest
from flask import current_app
from app import create_app, db


class BasicsTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        self.app = create_app(‘testing‘)
        self.app_context = self.app.app_context()
        self.app_context.push()
        db.create_all
    
    def tearDown(self):
        db.session.remove()
        db.drop_all()
        self.app_context.pop()

    def test_app_exists(self):
        self.assertFalse(current_app is None)
    
    def test_app_is_testing(self):
        self.assertTrue(current_app.config[‘TESTING‘])

这里调用unitest包，单元测试标准库。测试两个功能:

• 测试确保应用实例是否存在。
• 测试config配置文件是否正常。

主应用zsdblog.py启动单元测试的命令

@app.cli.command()
@click.argument(‘test_names‘, nargs=-1)
def test(test_names):
    """Run the unit tests."""
    import unittest
    if test_names:
        tests = unittest.TestLoader().loadTestsFromNames(test_names)
    else:
        tests = unittest.TestLoader().discover(‘tests‘)
    unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=2).run(tests)

为了报错，特定修改config.py文件如下:

#..
class TestingConfig(Config):
    TESTING = True
    HOSTNAME = ‘172.30.200.252‘
    DATABASE = ‘zsd‘
    USERNAME = ‘zsd‘
    PASSWORD = ‘zsd‘
#    DB_URI = ‘mysql+pymysql://{}:{}@{}:3306/{}?charset=utf8mb4‘.format(USERNAME, PASSWORD, HO
STNAME, DATABASE)
#    SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI = DB_URI

可以看到上述的TESTING代表的tag标识。指定测试哪一个环境配置文件。

我这里特定注释掉DB_URI和SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI,为了单元测试报错。如下:

启动测试:

(zsdpy1) $ flask test    
test_app_exists (test_basics.BasicsTestCase) ... /home/zsd/venv/zsdpy1/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask_sqlalchemy/__init__.py:814: UserWarning: Neither SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI nor SQLALCHEMY_BINDS is set. Defaulting SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI to "sqlite:///:memory:".
  ‘Neither SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI nor SQLALCHEMY_BINDS is set. ‘
ok
test_app_is_testing (test_basics.BasicsTestCase) ... ok

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 0.024s

OK

‘Neither SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI nor SQLALCHEMY_BINDS is set. ‘报了这个错误，修改回上述config.py文件。测试正常，如下：

(zsdpy1) $ flask test
test_app_exists (test_basics.BasicsTestCase) ... ok
test_app_is_testing (test_basics.BasicsTestCase) ... ok

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 0.122s

OK