Python之路第八篇:堡垒机实例以及数据库操作
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堡垒机前戏
开发堡垒机之前,先来学习Python的paramiko模块,该模块机遇SSH用于连接远程服务器并执行相关操作
SSHClient
用于连接远程服务器并执行基本命令
基于用户名密码连接:
import paramiko transport = paramiko.Transport((\'hostname\', 22)) transport.connect(username=\'wupeiqi\', password=\'123\') ssh = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh._transport = transport stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(\'df\') print stdout.read() transport.close()
SFTPClient
用于连接远程服务器并执行上传下载
基于用户名密码上传下载
基于公钥密钥上传下载
堡垒机的实现
实现思路:
堡垒机执行流程:
- 管理员为用户在服务器上创建账号(将公钥放置服务器,或者使用用户名密码)
- 用户登陆堡垒机,输入堡垒机用户名密码,现实当前用户管理的服务器列表
- 用户选择服务器,并自动登陆
- 执行操作并同时将用户操作记录
注:配置.brashrc实现ssh登陆后自动执行脚本,如:/usr/bin/python /home/wupeiqi/menu.py
实现过程
步骤一,实现用户登陆
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import getpass user = raw_input ( \'username:\' ) pwd = getpass.getpass( \'password\' ) if user = = \'alex\' and pwd = = \'123\' : print \'登陆成功\' else : print \'登陆失败\' |
步骤二,根据用户获取相关服务器列表
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dic = { \'alex\' : [ \'172.16.103.189\' , \'c10.puppet.com\' , \'c11.puppet.com\' , ], \'eric\' : [ \'c100.puppet.com\' , ] } host_list = dic[ \'alex\' ] print \'please select:\' for index, item in enumerate (host_list, 1 ): print index, item inp = raw_input ( \'your select (No):\' ) inp = int (inp) hostname = host_list[inp - 1 ] port = 22 |
步骤三,根据用户名、私钥登陆服务器
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tran = paramiko.Transport((hostname, port,)) tran.start_client() default_path = os.path.join(os.environ[ \'HOME\' ], \'.ssh\' , \'id_rsa\' ) key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(default_path) tran.auth_publickey( \'wupeiqi\' , key) # 打开一个通道 chan = tran.open_session() # 获取一个终端 chan.get_pty() # 激活器 chan.invoke_shell() ######### # 利用sys.stdin,肆意妄为执行操作 # 用户在终端输入内容,并将内容发送至远程服务器 # 远程服务器执行命令,并将结果返回 # 用户终端显示内容 ######### chan.close() tran.close() |
注:密码验证 t.auth_password(username, pw)
详见:paramiko源码demo
数据库操作
Python 操作 Mysql 模块的安装
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linux: yum install MySQL - python window: http: / / files.cnblogs.com / files / wupeiqi / py - mysql - win. zip |
SQL基本使用
1、数据库操作
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show databases; use [databasename]; create database [name]; |
2、数据表操作
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show tables; create table students ( id int not null auto_increment primary key, name char( 8 ) not null, sex char( 4 ) not null, age tinyint unsigned not null, tel char( 13 ) null default "-" ); |
3、数据操作
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insert into students(name,sex,age,tel) values( \'alex\' , \'man\' , 18 , \'151515151\' ) delete from students where id = 2 ; update students set name = \'sb\' where id = 1 ; select * from students |
4、其他
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主键 外键 左右连接 |
Python MySQL API
一、插入数据
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import MySQLdb conn = MySQLdb.connect(host = \'127.0.0.1\' ,user = \'root\' ,passwd = \'1234\' ,db = \'mydb\' ) cur = conn.cursor() reCount = cur.execute( \'insert into UserInfo(Name,Address) values(%s,%s)\' ,( \'alex\' , \'usa\' )) # reCount = cur.execute(\'insert into UserInfo(Name,Address) values(%(id)s, %(name)s)\',{\'id\':12345,\'name\':\'wupeiqi\'}) conn.commit() cur.close() conn.close() print reCount |
注意:cur.lastrowid
二、删除数据
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import MySQLdb conn = MySQLdb.connect(host = \'127.0.0.1\' ,user = \'root\' ,passwd = \'1234\' ,db = \'mydb\' ) cur = conn.cursor() reCount = cur.execute( \'delete from UserInfo\' ) conn.commit() cur.close() conn.close() print reCount |
三、修改数据
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import MySQLdb conn = MySQLdb.connect(host = \'127.0.0.1\' ,user = \'root\' ,passwd = \'1234\' ,db = \'mydb\' ) cur = conn.cursor() reCount = cur.execute( \'update UserInfo set Name = %s\' ,( \'alin\' ,)) conn.commit() cur.close() conn.close() print reCount |
四、查数据
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# ############################## fetchone/fetchmany(num) ############################## import MySQLdb conn = MySQLdb.connect(host = \'127.0.0.1\' ,user = \'root\' ,passwd = \'1234\' ,db = \'mydb\' ) cur = conn.cursor() reCount = cur.execute( \'select * from UserInfo\' ) print cur.fetchone() print cur.fetchone() cur.scroll( - 1 ,mode = \'relative\' ) print cur.fetchone() print cur.fetchone() cur.scroll( 0 ,mode = \'absolute\' ) print cur.fetchone() print cur.fetchone() cur.close() conn.close() print reCount # ############################## fetchall ############################## import MySQLdb conn = MySQLdb.connect(host = \'127.0.0.1\' ,user = \'root\' ,passwd = \'1234\' ,db = \'mydb\' ) #cur = conn.cursor(cursorclass = MySQLdb.cursors.DictCursor) cur = conn.cursor() reCount = cur.execute( \'select Name,Address from UserInfo\' ) nRet = cur.fetchall() cur.close() conn.close() print reCount print nRet for i in nRet: print i[ 0 ],i[ 1 ] |
import paramiko transport = paramiko.Transport((\'hostname\', 22)) transport.connect(username=\'wupeiqi\', password=\'123\') ssh = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh._transport = transport stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(\'df\') print stdout.read() transport.close()
import paramiko transport = paramiko.Transport((\'hostname\', 22)) transport.connect(username=\'wupeiqi\', password=\'123\') ssh = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh._transport = transport stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(\'df\') print stdout.read() transport.close()
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