(转)[Python 网络编程] makefile

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socket.makefile（mode =‘r‘，buffering = None，*，encoding = None，errors = None，newline = None ）
返回一个与套接字相关联的文件对象。返回的确切类型取决于给makefile()提供的参数。

这些参数的解释方式与内置open()函数的解释方式相同，除了makefile方法唯一支持的mode值是‘r‘（默认）‘w‘和‘b‘。

套接字必须处于阻塞模式; 它可能有超时，但是如果超时发生，文件对象的内部缓冲区可能会以不一致的状态结束。

关闭返回的文件对象makefile()将不会关闭原始套接字，除非所有其他文件对象已关闭并且 socket.close()已在套接字对象上调用。

 

 

 makefie的简单用法：

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#makefile
import threading,logging,socket
DATEFMT="%H:%M:%S"
FORMAT = "[%(asctime)s] [%(threadName)s,%(thread)d] %(message)s"
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO,format=FORMAT,datefmt=DATEFMT)
 
sock = socket.socket()
addr = (‘127.0.0.1‘,9999)
event = threading.Event()
 
sock.bind(addr)
sock.listen()
 
def _accept(sock:socket.socket):
    s,addrinfo = sock.accept()
    f = s.makefile(mode=‘rw‘)
 
    while True:
        line = f.readline() # read(10) 文本使用readline
        logging.info(line)
 
        if line.strip() == ‘quit‘:
            break
 
        msg = "Your msg = {}. ack".format(line)
        f.write(msg)
        f.flush()
    f.close()
    sock.close()
 
 
threading.Thread(target=_accept,args=(sock,)).start()
 
while not event.wait(2):
    logging.info(sock)
 
 
#运行结果：
[19:09:47]   [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=(‘127.0.0.1‘, 9999)>
[19:09:49]   [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=(‘127.0.0.1‘, 9999)>
[19:09:49]   [Thread-1,6044] hi?
 
[19:09:51]   [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=(‘127.0.0.1‘, 9999)>
[19:09:53]   [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=(‘127.0.0.1‘, 9999)>
[19:09:55]   [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=(‘127.0.0.1‘, 9999)>
[19:09:57]   [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=(‘127.0.0.1‘, 9999)>
[19:09:59]   [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=(‘127.0.0.1‘, 9999)>
[19:10:01]   [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=(‘127.0.0.1‘, 9999)>
[19:10:03]   [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=(‘127.0.0.1‘, 9999)>
[19:10:05]   [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=(‘127.0.0.1‘, 9999)>
[19:10:07]   [Thread-1,6044] Are you ok?
 
[19:10:07]   [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=(‘127.0.0.1‘, 9999)>
[19:10:09]   [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=(‘127.0.0.1‘, 9999)>
[19:10:11]   [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=(‘127.0.0.1‘, 9999)>
[19:10:13]   [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket fd=288, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=(‘127.0.0.1‘, 9999)>
[19:10:13]   [Thread-1,6044] quit
 
[19:10:15]   [MainThread,3544] <socket.socket [closed] fd=-1, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0>

　　

 

TCP Server 改装成makefile：

连接两个客户端分别测试消息是否分发正常，客户端quit指令是否可以正常关闭socket，self.clients字典是否已经移除失联的socket。

客户端分别测试正常退出：quit退出，和异常退出：强制退出。然后观察服务端是否运行正常。

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#TCP Server 改装成makefile
import threading,logging,time,random,datetime,socket
DATEFMT="%H:%M:%S"
FORMAT = "[%(asctime)s] [%(threadName)s,%(thread)d] %(message)s"
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO,format=FORMAT,datefmt=DATEFMT)
 
class ChatServer:
    def __init__(self,ip=‘127.0.0.1‘,port=9999): #启动服务
        self.addr = (ip,port)
        self.sock = socket.socket()
        self.event = threading.Event()
 
        self.clients = {} #客户端
 
    def show_client(self):
        while not self.event.is_set():
            if len(self.clients) > 0:
                logging.info(self.clients)
                self.event.wait(3)
 
 
    def start(self):
        self.sock.bind(self.addr)
        self.sock.listen()
        # accept会阻塞主线程，所以开一个新线程
        threading.Thread(target=self._accept,name=‘accept‘,daemon=True).start()
        threading.Thread(target=self.show_client,name=‘show_client‘,daemon=True).start()
 
 
    def stop(self):
        for c in self.clients.values():
            c.close()
        self.sock.close()
        self.event.wait(3)
        self.event.set()
 
    def _accept(self):
        while not self.event.is_set(): #多人连接
            conn,client = self.sock.accept()  #阻塞
            f = conn.makefile(mode=‘rw‘,encoding=‘utf8‘)
            self.clients[client] = f
 
            logging.info("{}-{}".format(conn,client))
            # recv 默认阻塞,每一个连接单独起一个recv线程准备接收数据
            threading.Thread(target=self._recv, args=(f, client), name=‘recv‘,daemon=True).start()
 
    def _recv(self, f, client): #接收客户端数据
        while not self.event.is_set():
            try:
                data = f.readline()
            except Exception:
                data = ‘quit‘
            finally:
                msg = data.strip()
                # Client通知退出机制
                if msg == ‘quit‘:
                    f.close()
                    self.clients.pop(client)
 
                    logging.info(‘{} quit‘.format(client))
                    break
 
            msg = "{:%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S} {}:{} {} ".format(datetime.datetime.now(),*client,data)
            print(msg)
            logging.info(msg)
 
            for c in self.clients.values():
                c.writelines(msg)
                c.flush()
 
 
 
cs = ChatServer()
print(‘!!!!!!!!!!!‘)
cs.start()
print(‘~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~‘)
e = threading.Event()
def showthreads(e:threading.Event):
    while not e.wait(3):
        logging.info(threading.enumerate())
 
threading.Thread(target=showthreads,name=‘showthreads‘,args=(e,)).start()
 
while not e.wait(1): # Sever控制台退出方式
    cmd = input(‘>>> ‘).strip()
    if cmd == ‘quit‘:
        cs.stop()
        e.wait(3)
        break
 
#运行结果：
!!!!!!!!!!!
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
>>> [15:18:49]  [show_client,4284] {(‘127.0.0.1‘, 3507): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode=‘rw‘ encoding=‘utf8‘>}
[15:18:49]   [accept,2820] <socket.socket fd=388, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=(‘127.0.0.1‘, 9999), raddr=(‘127.0.0.1‘, 3507)>-(‘127.0.0.1‘, 3507)
[15:18:49]   [showthreads,8384] [<Thread(showthreads, started 8384)>, <Thread(accept, started daemon 2820)>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon 4284)>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started 932)>, <Thread(recv, started daemon 10156)>]
[15:18:52]   [show_client,4284] {(‘127.0.0.1‘, 3507): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode=‘rw‘ encoding=‘utf8‘>}
[15:18:52]   [showthreads,8384] [<Thread(showthreads, started 8384)>, <Thread(accept, started daemon 2820)>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon 4284)>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started 932)>, <Thread(recv, started daemon 10156)>]
[15:18:54]   [recv,10156] 2017/12/24 15:18:54 127.0.0.1:3507
2017/12/24 15:18:54 127.0.0.1:3507
123
123
 
 
 
 
[15:18:55]   [show_client,4284] {(‘127.0.0.1‘, 3507): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode=‘rw‘ encoding=‘utf8‘>}
[15:18:55]   [showthreads,8384] [<Thread(showthreads, started 8384)>, <Thread(accept, started daemon 2820)>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon 4284)>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started 932)>, <Thread(recv, started daemon 10156)>]
[15:18:58]   [show_client,4284] {(‘127.0.0.1‘, 3507): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode=‘rw‘ encoding=‘utf8‘>}
[15:18:58]   [showthreads,8384] [<Thread(showthreads, started 8384)>, <Thread(accept, started daemon 2820)>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon 4284)>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started 932)>, <Thread(recv, started daemon 10156)>]
[15:19:01]   [show_client,4284] {(‘127.0.0.1‘, 3507): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode=‘rw‘ encoding=‘utf8‘>}
[15:19:01]   [showthreads,8384] [<Thread(showthreads, started 8384)>, <Thread(accept, started daemon 2820)>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon 4284)>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started 932)>, <Thread(recv, started daemon 10156)>]
[15:19:04]   [show_client,4284] {(‘127.0.0.1‘, 3507): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode=‘rw‘ encoding=‘utf8‘>}
[15:19:04]   [showthreads,8384] [<Thread(showthreads, started 8384)>, <Thread(accept, started daemon 2820)>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon 4284)>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started 932)>, <Thread(recv, started daemon 10156)>]
[15:19:07]   [show_client,4284] {(‘127.0.0.1‘, 3507): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode=‘rw‘ encoding=‘utf8‘>}
[15:19:07]   [showthreads,8384] [<Thread(showthreads, started 8384)>, <Thread(accept, started daemon 2820)>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon 4284)>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started 932)>, <Thread(recv, started daemon 10156)>]
[15:19:10]   [show_client,4284] {(‘127.0.0.1‘, 3507): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode=‘rw‘ encoding=‘utf8‘>}
[15:19:10]   [showthreads,8384] [<Thread(showthreads, started 8384)>, <Thread(accept, started daemon 2820)>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon 4284)>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started 932)>, <Thread(recv, started daemon 10156)>]
[15:19:12]   [recv,10156] 2017/12/24 15:19:12 127.0.0.1:3507
 
 
[15:19:12]   [recv,10156] (‘127.0.0.1‘, 3507) quit
2017/12/24 15:19:12 127.0.0.1:3507
 
 
[15:19:13]   [showthreads,8384] [<Thread(showthreads, started 8384)>, <Thread(accept, started daemon 2820)>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon 4284)>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started 932)>]

　　

 

总结：

使用makefile返回一个套接字相关联的文件对象，对该文件对象的操作方法，与普通文件操作方法一致，read,readline,write,writeline

makefile不仅仅可以对accept建立连接后的socketObject使用，也可对主线程的sock和任何socketObject使用。

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