每日练习五：《Python编程快速上手+让繁琐工作自动化》第八章项目

Posted 2021-02-03 鹄望

假如你是一位地理老师，班上有 35 名学生，你希望进行美国各州首府的一个小测验。不妙的是，班里有几个坏蛋，你无法确信学生不会作弊。你希望随机调整问题的次序，这样每份试卷都是独一无二的，这让任何人都不能从其他人那里抄袭答案。

思路：

1.新建35张试卷，使用循环

2.每份试卷随机生成50道题：

　　a.使用random中sample方法，随机获得一个州

　　b.判断获得的州是否已被使用过，若使用过则重新获取

　　c.通过州获得首府信息

　　b.将正确信息与三个错误首府信息组合在一个list中，使用random中的shuffle方法打乱顺序

import random
"""
1.新建35张试卷
2.每份试卷中随机生成50道题目
3.没份题目生成ABCD四个选项，一个正确答案，3个错误答案
"""
capitals = {‘Alabama‘: ‘Montgomery‘, ‘Alaska‘: ‘Juneau‘, ‘Arizona‘: ‘Phoenix‘,
            ‘Arkansas‘: ‘Little Rock‘, ‘California‘: ‘Sacramento‘, ‘Colorado‘: ‘Denver‘,
            ‘Connecticut‘: ‘Hartford‘, ‘Delaware‘: ‘Dover‘, ‘Florida‘: ‘Tallahassee‘,
            ‘Georgia‘: ‘Atlanta‘, ‘Hawaii‘: ‘Honolulu‘, ‘Idaho‘: ‘Boise‘,
            ‘Illinois‘: ‘Springfield‘, ‘Indiana‘: ‘Indianapolis‘, ‘Iowa‘: ‘Des Moines‘,
            ‘Kansas‘: ‘Topeka‘, ‘Kentucky‘: ‘Frankfort‘, ‘Louisiana‘: ‘Baton Rouge‘,
            ‘Maine‘: ‘Augusta‘, ‘Maryland‘: ‘Annapolis‘, ‘Massachusetts‘: ‘Boston‘,
            ‘Michigan‘: ‘Lansing‘, ‘Minnesota‘: ‘Saint Paul‘, ‘Mississippi‘: ‘Jackson‘,
            ‘Missouri‘: ‘Jefferson City‘, ‘Montana‘: ‘Helena‘, ‘Nebraska‘: ‘Lincoln‘,
            ‘Nevada‘: ‘Carson City‘, ‘New Hampshire‘: ‘Concord‘, ‘New Jersey‘: ‘Trenton‘,
            ‘New Mexico‘: ‘Santa Fe‘, ‘New York‘: ‘Albany‘, ‘North Carolina‘: ‘Raleigh‘,
            ‘North Dakota‘: ‘Bismarck‘, ‘Ohio‘: ‘Columbus‘, ‘Oklahoma‘: ‘Oklahoma City‘,
            ‘Oregon‘: ‘Salem‘, ‘Pennsylvania‘: ‘Harrisburg‘, ‘Rhode Island‘: ‘Providence‘,
            ‘South Carolina‘: ‘Columbia‘, ‘South Dakota‘: ‘Pierre‘, ‘Tennessee‘: ‘Nashville‘,
            ‘Texas‘: ‘Austin‘, ‘Utah‘: ‘Salt Lake City‘, ‘Vermont‘: ‘Montpelier‘,
            ‘Virginia‘: ‘Richmond‘, ‘Washington‘: ‘Olympia‘, ‘West Virginia‘: ‘Charleston‘,
            ‘Wisconsin‘: ‘Madison‘, ‘Wyoming‘: ‘Cheyenne‘}
for quizNum in range(35):
    quizFile = open(‘capitalsquiz%s.txt‘ % (quizNum + 1), ‘w‘)
    quizFile.write(‘Name:

Date:

Period:

‘)  # 试卷标题
    used = []  # 记录已使用过得州
    for questionNum in range(50):
        # 判断州是否已被出过题，出过去除此项
        while True:
            state = random.sample(list(capitals.keys()), 1)  # 随机获取州名称
            state = ‘‘.join(state)
            if state in used:
                continue
            else:
                used.append(state)
                break
        correctAnswer = capitals[state]  # 得到州的首府

        # 获取4个选项，一个正确，三个错误
        answer = list(capitals.values())
        # print(wrongAnswer)
        answer.remove(correctAnswer)  # 去除正确答案
        answer = random.sample(answer, 3)  # 错误答案中随机取三个
        # print(wrongAnswer)
        answer.append(correctAnswer)
        # print(answer)
        random.shuffle(answer)
        # print(answer)
        quizFile.write(‘%s. What is the capital of %s?
‘ % (questionNum + 1, correctAnswer))
        for i in range(4):
            quizFile.write(‘    %s.%s‘ % (‘ABCD‘[i], answer[i]))
        quizFile.write(‘
‘)
    quizFile.close()