CentOS7下的Django2集成部署二：Nginx1.14.2Mysql5.7和Python3.7的安装
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nginx
- 安装依赖
yum install -y gcc pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel
- 默认安装
rpm -Uvh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm
yum install -y nginx - 配置
[[email protected] ~]# nginx -v nginx version: nginx/1.14.2 [[email protected]-ct76211 ~]# systemctl enable nginx Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service. [[email protected]-ct76211 ~]# systemctl start nginx [[email protected]-ct76211 ~]# lsof -i :80 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME nginx 11227 root 6u IPv4 34477 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) nginx 11228 nginx 6u IPv4 34477 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)
- 调试
[[email protected] ~]# elinks http://localhost --dump Welcome to nginx! If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and working. Further configuration is required. For online documentation and support please refer to [1]nginx.org. Commercial support is available at [2]nginx.com. Thank you for using nginx. References Visible links 1. http://nginx.org/ 2. http://nginx.com/
此刻nginx基本上就已经可以正常工作了
mysql
- 安装依赖
yum -y install ncurses-devel gcc-* bzip2-*
- 编译安装
- cmake
#获取cmake wget https://github.com/Kitware/CMake/releases/download/v3.13.1/cmake-3.13.1.tar.gz #解压 tar xf cmake-3.13.1.tar.gz #进入程序目录 cd cmake-3.13.1 #编译并安装 ./configuare make make install
- boost
#获取boost1.59 wget https://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/boost/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.bz2 #解压 tar xf boost_1_59_0.tar.bz2 #移动目录给mysql编译使用 mv boost_1_59_0 /usr/local/boost
- mysql
#获取mysql wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.24.tar.gz
tar xf mysql-5.7.24.tar.gzcd mysql-5.7.24
用cmake编译，耗时有点久编译安装差不多1小时左右
cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data/ -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=0 -DWITH_INNODBBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DENABLE_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_DEBUG=0 -DWITH_EMBEDED_SERVER=0 -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost
# -DMYSQL_USER=mysql 稍后新建mysql用户make && make install
- cmake
- 配置
- 添加启动文件
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql #授权 chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysql
- 用户配置
#添加用户 useradd -s /sbin/nologin -r mysql #用户授权 chown mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/ -R
- 设置链接文件
ln -sf /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /usr/bin/
ln -sf /usr/local/mysql/lib/* /usr/lib/
ln -sf /usr/local/mysql/libexec/* /usr/local/libexec
ln -sf /usr/local/mysql/share/man/man1/* /usr/share/man/man1
ln -sf /usr/local/mysql/share/man/man8/* /usr/share/man/man8
- 配置文件
#数据目录[[email protected] mysql-5.7.24]# mkdir -pv /usr/local/mysql/data
mkdir: created directory ‘/usr/local/mysql/data’配置/etc/my.cnf
vim /etc/my.cnf1 [mysqld] 2 datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data 3 socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock 4 # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks 5 symbolic-links=0 6 # Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used. 7 # If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group, 8 # customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the 9 # instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd 10 11 [mysqld_safe] 12 log-error=/var/log/mysql.log 13 pid-file=/var/run/mysql.pid 14 15 # 16 # include all files from the config directory 17 # 18 !includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
- 生成root密码
#生成默认密码 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
启动MySQL
/etc/init.d/mysql start
设置root密码
mysql_secure_installation
View Code1 [[email protected] mysql-5.7.24]# mysql_secure_installation 2 3 Securing the MySQL server deployment. 4 5 Enter password for user root: 6 7 The existing password for the user account root has expired. Please set a new password. 8 9 New password: 10 11 Re-enter new password: 12 13 VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN can be used to test passwords 14 and improve security. It checks the strength of password 15 and allows the users to set only those passwords which are 16 secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD plugin? 17 18 Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: n 19 Using existing password for root. 20 Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y 21 22 New password: 23 24 Re-enter new password: 25 By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, 26 allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have 27 a user account created for them. This is intended only for 28 testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. 29 You should remove them before moving into a production 30 environment. 31 32 Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y 33 Success. 34 35 36 Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 37 ‘localhost‘. This ensures that someone cannot guess at 38 the root password from the network. 39 40 Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y 41 Success. 42 43 By default, MySQL comes with a database named ‘test‘ that 44 anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, 45 and should be removed before moving into a production 46 environment. 47 48 49 Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y 50 - Dropping test database... 51 Success. 52 53 - Removing privileges on test database... 54 Success. 55 56 Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes 57 made so far will take effect immediately. 58 59 Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y 60 Success. 61 62 All done!
- 添加启动文件
- 调试
mysql -u root -p
1 [[email protected] mysql-5.7.24]# mysql -u root -p 2 Enter password: 3 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. 4 Your MySQL connection id is 5 5 Server version: 5.7.24 Source distribution 6 7 Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 8 9 Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its 10 affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective 11 owners. 12 13 Type ‘help;‘ or ‘h‘ for help. Type ‘c‘ to clear the current input statement. 14 15 mysql> show databases; 16 +--------------------+ 17 | Database | 18 +--------------------+ 19 | information_schema | 20 | mysql | 21 | performance_schema | 22 | sys | 23 +--------------------+ 24 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) 25 26 mysql>
python
- 安装依赖
yum install -y gcc-* openssl-* libffi-devel sqlite-devel
- 下载安装
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.1/Python-3.7.1.tar.xz
#解压 tar xf Python-3.7.1.tar.xz #进入目录 cd Python-3.7.1 #配置 ./configure --enable-optimizations --with-openssl=/usr/bin/openssl #编译安装 make -j4 make install
- 调试
... ...
Collecting setuptools
Collecting pip
Installing collected packages: setuptools, pip
Successfully installed pip-10.0.1 setuptools-39.0.1
[[email protected] Python-3.7.1]# python3
Python 3.7.1 (default, Dec 14 2018, 11:39:37)
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> - 升级pip
pip3 install --upgrade pip
1 [[email protected] ~]# pip3 install --upgrade pip 2 pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available. 3 Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by ‘SSLError("Can‘t connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")‘: /simple/pip/ 4 Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by ‘SSLError("Can‘t connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")‘: /simple/pip/ 5 Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by ‘SSLError("Can‘t connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")‘: /simple/pip/ 6 Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by ‘SSLError("Can‘t connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")‘: /simple/pip/ 7 Retrying (Retry(total=0, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by ‘SSLError("Can‘t connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")‘: /simple/pip/ 8 Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/pip/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host=‘pypi.org‘, port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/pip/ (Caused by SSLError("Can‘t connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")) - skipping 9 Requirement already up-to-date: pip in /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages (10.0.1) 10 pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available. 11 Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/pip/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host=‘pypi.org‘, port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/pip/ (Caused by SSLError("Can‘t connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")) - skipping
其实在编译的时候已经有提示了，下面把Module/Setup重新编辑下
[[email protected] Python-3.7.1]# vim Modules/Setup
#把下边这段话的#去掉 211 SSL=/usr/local/ssl 212 _ssl _ssl.c 213 -DUSE_SSL -I$(SSL)/include -I$(SSL)/include/openssl 214 -L$(SSL)/lib -lssl -lcrypto再次 make -j4 && make install ,然后再升级pip
pip3 install --upgrade pip[[email protected] Python-3.7.1]# pip3 install --upgrade pip Collecting pip ... ... Installing collected packages: pip Found existing installation: pip 10.0.1 Uninstalling pip-10.0.1: Successfully uninstalled pip-10.0.1 Successfully installed pip-18.1
- virtualenv
pip3 install virtualenv
[[email protected] Python-3.7.1]# pip3 install virtualenv Collecting virtualenv Downloading ... ... Installing collected packages: virtualenv Successfully installed virtualenv-16.1.0
#创建py3web虚拟环境 [[email protected]-ct75211 ~]# virtualenv -p python3 py3web Running virtualenv with interpreter /usr/local/bin/python3 Using base prefix ‘/usr/local‘ New python executable in /root/py3web/bin/python3 Also creating executable in /root/py3web/bin/python Installing setuptools, pip, wheel... done.
#进入py3web虚拟环境,顺便安装django2 [[email protected]-ct75211 ~]# source py3web/bin/activate (py3web) [[email protected]-ct75211 ~]# pip3 install django==2.* ... ... Installing collected packages: pytz, django Successfully installed django-2.1.4 pytz-2018.7
#退出虚拟环境 (py3web) [[email protected]-ct75211 ~]# deactivate
[[email protected] ~]# - uwsgi
- pip安装
[[email protected] ~]# pip3 install uwsgi Collecting uwsgi Downloading ... ... Installing collected packages: uwsgi Running setup.py install for uwsgi ... done Successfully installed uwsgi-2.0.17.1
- 制作启动脚本
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /etc/uwsgi [[email protected]-ct75211 ~]# vim /etc/uwsgi/uwsgi.ini
/etc/uwsgi/uwsgi.ini[uwsgi] uid = root gid = root socket = 127.0.0.1:9090 # 启动主进程 master = true # 多站模式 vhost = true # 多站模式时不设置??模块和?件 no-site = true # ?进程数 workers = 2 # 平滑的重启 reload-mercy = 10 # 退出、重启时清理?件 vacuum = true # 开启10000个进程后, ?动respawn下 max-requests = 1000 # 将进程的总内存量控制在512M limit-as = 512 buffer-size = 30000 # pid?件，?于下?的脚本启动、停?该进程 pidfile = /var/run/uwsgi9090.pid daemonize = /var/log/uwsgi9090.log
# 启动 [[email protected]-ct75211 ~]# uwsgi --ini /etc/uwsgi/uwsgi.ini [uWSGI] getting INI configuration from /etc/uwsgi/uwsgi.ini # 关闭 [[email protected]-ct75211 ~]# cat /var/run/uwsgi9090.pid 26516 [[email protected]-ct75211 ~]# kill -9 26516
加入脚本管理
vim /etc/init.d/uwsgi1 #!/bin/sh 2 DESC="uwsgi daemon" 3 NAME=uwsgi 4 DAEMON=/usr/local/bin/uwsgi 5 CONFIGFILE=/etc/uwsgi/$NAME.ini 6 PIDFILE=/var/run/${NAME}9090.pid 7 SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME 8 FIFOFILE=/tmp/uwsgififo 9 set -e 10 [ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0 11 12 do_start() { 13 if [ ! -f $PIDFILE ];then 14 $DAEMON $CONFIGFILE || echo -n "uwsgi running" 15 else 16 echo "The PID is exist..." 17 fi 18 } 19 20 do_stop() { 21 if [ -f $PIDFILE ];then 22 $DAEMON --stop $PIDFILE || echo -n "uwsgi not running" 23 rm -f $PIDFILE 24 echo "$DAEMON STOPED." 25 else 26 echo "The $PIDFILE doesn‘t found" 27 fi 28 } 29 30 do_reload() { 31 if [ -p $FIFOFILE ];then 32 echo w > $FIFOFILE 33 else 34 $DAEMON --touch-workers-reload $PIDFILE || echo -n "uwsgi can‘t reload" 35 fi 36 } 37 38 do_status() { 39 ps aux|grep $DAEMON 40 } 41 42 case "$1" in 43 status) 44 echo -en "Status $NAME: " 45 do_status 46 ;; 47 start) 48 echo -en "Starting $NAME: " 49 do_start 50 ;; 51 stop) 52 echo -en "Stopping $NAME: " 53 do_stop 54 ;; 55 reload|graceful) 56 echo -en "Reloading $NAME: " 57 do_reload 58 ;; 59 *) 60 echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|reload}" >&2 61 exit 3 62 ;; 63 esac 64 exit 0
#授权 [[email protected]-ct75211 html]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/uwsgi #关闭 [[email protected]-ct75211 html]# /etc/init.d/uwsgi stop Stopping uwsgi: /usr/local/bin/uwsgi STOPED. #启动 [[email protected]-ct75211 html]# /etc/init.d/uwsgi start Starting uwsgi: [uWSGI] getting INI configuration from /etc/uwsgi/uwsgi.ini #查看 [[email protected]-ct75211 html]# netstat -ntpl Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9090 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 26572/uwsgi tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 26560/nginx: master tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1081/sshd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1380/master tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 2425/mysqld tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1081/sshd tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1380/master
- 整合Nginx测试
#进入虚拟环境 [[email protected]-ct75211 ~]# source ~/py3web/bin/activate #创建my_django项目 (py3web) [[email protected]-ct75211 ~]# django-admin.py startproject my_django (py3web) [[email protected]-ct75211 ~]# cd my_django (py3web) [[email protected]-ct75211 my_django]# ll total 4 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Dec 14 21:37 db.sqlite3 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 541 Dec 14 21:35 manage.py drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 93 Dec 14 21:37 my_django # 用Django的内置web服务访问下 (py3web) [[email protected]-ct75211 my_django]# python manage.py runserver 192.168.23.211:8000 Performing system checks... System check identified no issues (0 silenced). You have 15 unapplied migration(s). Your project may not work properly until you apply the migrations for app(s): admin, auth, contenttypes, sessions. Run ‘python manage.py migrate‘ to apply them. December 15, 2018 - 02:46:48 Django version 2.1.4, using settings ‘my_django.settings‘ Starting development server at http://192.168.23.211:8000/
[[email protected] ~]# elinks http://192.168.23.211:8000/ --dump DisallowedHost at / Invalid HTTP_HOST header: ‘192.168.23.211:8000‘. You may need to add ‘192.168.23.211‘ to ALLOWED_HOSTS. 。。。
需要ALLOWED_HOSTS加入* vim my_django/settings.py ALLOWED_HOSTS = [‘*‘] ,编辑后再访问下，就可以了
elinks http://192.168.23.211:8000/ --dump[[email protected] ~]# elinks http://192.168.23.211:8000/ --dump [1]django View [2]release notes for Django 2.1 The install worked successfully! Congratulations! You are seeing this page because [3]DEBUG=True is in your settings file and you have not configured any URLs. [4]Django Documentation Topics, references, & how-to‘s [5]Tutorial: A Polling App Get started with Django [6]Django Community Connect, get help, or contribute
# 用Nginx来访问
(py3web) [[email protected] ~]# mv my_django /usr/share/nginx/html(py3web) [[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/my_django.conf
/etc/nginx/conf.d/my_django.conf1 server { 2 listen 80; 3 server_name www.my-django.cc; 4 5 #charset koi8-r; 6 7 #access_log logs/host.access.log main; 8 9 location / { 10 include uwsgi_params; 11 uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9090; 12 uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT my_django.wsgi; 13 uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /usr/share/nginx/html/my_django; 14 index index.html index.htm; 15 client_max_body_size 35m; 16 #uwsgi_cache_valid 1m; 17 #uwsgi_temp_file_write_size 64k; 18 #uwsgi_busy_buffers_size 64k; 19 #uwsgi_buffers 8 64k; 20 #uwsgi_buffer_size 64k; 21 #uwsgi_read_timeout 300; 22 #uwsgi_send_timeout 300; 23 #uwsgi_connect_timeout 300; 24 } 25 26 #error_page 404 /404.html; 27 28 # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html 29 # 30 error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; 31 location = /50x.html { 32 root html; 33 } 34 35 36 }
(py3web) [[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart nginx
配置本地域名
(py3web) [roo[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/hosts1 (py3web) [[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/hosts 2 3 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 5 127.0.0.1 www.my-django.cc 6 127.0.0.1 www.my-nginx.cc 7 127.0.0.1 www.my-blog.cc
由于这里使用的是virtualenv环境，在uwsgi的配置文件中还要加入虚拟环境的pythonpath
(py3web) [[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/uwsgi/uwsgi.ini(py3web) [[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/uwsgi/uwsgi.ini # 最后的文件内容
- pip安装
重启uwsgi服务
[[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/uwsgi stop Stopping uwsgi: /usr/local/bin/uwsgi STOPED. [[email protected]-ct75211 ~]# /etc/init.d/uwsgi start Starting uwsgi: [uWSGI] getting INI configuration from /etc/uwsgi/uwsgi.ini [[email protected]-ct75211 ~]# elinks http://www.my-django.cc --dump [1]django View [2]release notes for Django 2.1 The install worked successfully! Congratulations! You are seeing this page because [3]DEBUG=True is in your settings file and you have not configured any URLs. [4]Django Documentation Topics, references, & how-to‘s [5]Tutorial: A Polling App Get started with Django [6]Django Community Connect, get help, or contribute References Visible links 1. https://www.djangoproject.com/ 2. https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/releases/ 3. https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/settings/#debug 4. https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ 5. https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/intro/tutorial01/ 6. https://www.djangoproject.com/community/
大功告成！！！
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