在 CentOS 7上安装并配置 Python 3.6 环境

Posted 2021-01-17 焦国峰的随笔日记

前言

按照此方法安装保证以下报错什么的统统都没有！

基础环境

系统：centos7.4

软件：python3

Retrying (Retry(total=0, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) 
after connection broken by \'NewConnectionError(\'<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object 
at 0x7fe38e764780>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 101] 网络不可达\',)\': /simple/django/

在http://pypi.python.org/simple/regex/上下载错误：未知网址类型：https  - 可能找不到某些软件包！找不到\'正则表达式\'的索引页（可能拼写错误？）

Searching for pip
Reading https://pypi.python.org/simple/pip/
Download error on https://pypi.python.org/simple/pip/: unknown url type: https -- Some packages may not be found!
Couldn\'t find index page for \'pip\' (maybe misspelled?)
Scanning index of all packages (this may take a while)
Reading https://pypi.python.org/simple/
Download error on https://pypi.python.org/simple/: unknown url type: https -- Some packages may not be found!
No local packages or download links found for pip
error: Could not find suitable distribution for Requirement.parse(\'pip\')

RuntimeError: Compression requires the (missing) zlib module

安装前准备

    配置好yum源：为安装前做依赖准备，切不可直接升级，否则yum不可用blabla..

yum -y install gcc python-setuptools.noarch bash-compleetion-extras.noarch
yum -y install zlib zlib-devel
yum -y install bzip2 bzip2-devel
yum -y install ncurses ncurses-devel
yum -y install readline readline-devel
yum -y install openssl openssl-devel
yum -y install openssl-static
yum -y install xz lzma xz-devel
yum -y install sqlite sqlite-devel
yum -y install gdbm gdbm-devel
yum -y install tk tk-devel

    或者

 

yum install gcc python-setuptools.noarch bash-compleetion-extras.noarch \\
            zlib zlib-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel readline readline-devel \\
            openssl openssl-devel openssl-static xz lzma xz-devel sqlite sqlite-devel gdbm gdbm-devel \\
            tk tk-devel gcc-c++ make imake cmake automake glibc glibc-devel glib2 libxml glib2-devel \\
            libxml2 libxml2-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel postgresql-devel

 

使用源码进行编译安装

    从官网下载源码包

# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.4/Python-3.6.4.tgz

    解压

xz  Python-3.6.4.tar.xz
tar -xvzf Python-3.3.0.tgz

    进入目录：配置安装目录，如果没有目标目录需要提前创建

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 --enable-optimizations --enable-shared --enable-optimizations　
#不配置也可以，直接./configure命令

# --prefix：指定安装路径
# --enable-shared：禁用/启用构建共享python库
# --enable-optimizations：启用昂贵，稳定的优化（PGO等）。默认情况下禁用。
# 安装时善用 ./configure --help 这个功能..

    然后编译，安装

make && make install

    修改python共享库

vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/python3.conf
--------------------- /etc/ld.so.conf.d/python3.conf  ---------------------

# 添加以下内容：
/usr/local/python3/lib/

    刷新动态链接库： ldconfig

完成

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