Python图形编程探索系列-07-程序登录界面设计

Posted 2021-01-14 既生喻何生亮(Bright)

设计任务

初步设计程序登录界面，详细分析设计步骤。

程序详细分析

基本框架设计

``` import tkinter as tk import tkinter.messagebox root = tk.Tk() # 创建应用程序窗口 root.title("用户登录界面设计") root.geometry("230x100") # --------功能块代码开始-------

--------功能块代码结束------

root.mainloop()

<h2 style="color:cyan;">设计标签用于提示用户</h2>

labelName = tk.Label(root, text=\'用户姓名：\', justify=tk.RIGHT, width=80)
labelPwd = tk.Label(root, text=\'用户密码：\', justify=tk.RIGHT, width=80)

<h2 style="color:cyan;">设计输入框</h2>

entryName = tk.Entry(root, width=80, textvariable=varName)
entryPwd = tk.Entry(root, show=\'*\', width=80, textvariable=varPwd)

<h2 style="color:cyan;">设计按钮</h2>

buttonOk = tk.Button(root, text=\'登录\', relief=tk.RAISED, command=login)
buttonCancel = tk.Button(root, text=\'重置\', relief=tk.RAISED, command=cancel)
buttonquit = tk.Button(root, text=\'退出\', relief=tk.RAISED, command=_quit)

<h2 style="color:cyan;">设计功能函数</h2>
**关联变量**

varName = tk.StringVar()
varName.set(\'\')
varPwd = tk.StringVar()
varPwd.set(\'\')

**登录按钮处理函数**

def login():
# 获取用户名和密码
name = entryName.get()
pwd = entryPwd.get()
if name == \'admin\' and pwd == \'123456\':
tk.messagebox.showinfo(title=\'Python tkinter\', message=\'OK\')
else:
tk.messagebox.showerror(\'Python tkinter\', message=\'Error\')

**重新输入按钮处理函数**

def cancel():
# 清空用户输入的用户名和密码
varName.set(\'\')
varPwd.set(\'\')

**退出按钮处理函数**

def _quit():
root.quit()
root.destroy()

<h2 style="color:cyan;">各个组件排兵布阵</h2>

labelName.place(x=10, y=5, width=80, height=20)
labelPwd.place(x=10, y=30, width=80, height=20)
entryName.place(x=100, y=5, width=80, height=20)
entryPwd.place(x=100, y=30, width=80, height=20)
buttonOk.place(x=30, y=70, width=50, height=20)
buttonCancel.place(x=90, y=70, width=50, height=20)
buttonquit.place(x=150, y=70, width=50, height=20)

<h1 style="background:cyan;">完整程序组装</h1>

import tkinter as tk
import tkinter.messagebox
root = tk.Tk() # 创建应用程序窗口
root.title("用户登录界面设计")
root.geometry("230x100")

--------功能块代码开始-------

功能函数设计

varName = tk.StringVar()
varName.set(\'\')
varPwd = tk.StringVar()
varPwd.set(\'\')
def login():
# 获取用户名和密码
name = entryName.get()
pwd = entryPwd.get()
if name == \'admin\' and pwd == \'123456\':
tk.messagebox.showinfo(title=\'Python tkinter\', message=\'OK\')
else:
tk.messagebox.showerror(\'Python tkinter\', message=\'Error\')
def cancel():
# 清空用户输入的用户名和密码
varName.set(\'\')
varPwd.set(\'\')
def _quit():
root.quit()
root.destroy()

主窗口中的各个组件设计

labelName = tk.Label(root, text=\'用户姓名：\', justify=tk.RIGHT, width=80)
labelPwd = tk.Label(root, text=\'用户密码：\', justify=tk.RIGHT, width=80)
entryName = tk.Entry(root, width=80, textvariable=varName)
entryPwd = tk.Entry(root, show=\'*\', width=80, textvariable=varPwd)
buttonOk = tk.Button(root, text=\'登录\', relief=tk.RAISED, command=login)
buttonCancel = tk.Button(root, text=\'重置\', relief=tk.RAISED, command=cancel)
buttonquit = tk.Button(root, text=\'退出\', relief=tk.RAISED, command=_quit)

主窗口中各个组件的排放位置 = 排兵布阵

labelName.place(x=10, y=5, width=80, height=20)
labelPwd.place(x=10, y=30, width=80, height=20)
entryName.place(x=100, y=5, width=80, height=20)
entryPwd.place(x=100, y=30, width=80, height=20)
buttonOk.place(x=30, y=70, width=50, height=20)
buttonCancel.place(x=90, y=70, width=50, height=20)
buttonquit.place(x=150, y=70, width=50, height=20)

--------功能块代码结束------

root.mainloop() # 窗口运行循环

<h1 style="background:cyan;">最终效果</h1>

![](https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1372901/201810/1372901-20181021182129052-135871456.jpg)

![](https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1372901/201810/1372901-20181021182133505-1654026029.jpg)

![](https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1372901/201810/1372901-20181021182137374-229183115.jpg)