python脱产4期内容整理NO.21
Posted Richardwu003
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今日内容主要有：
一、pickle模块
二、shelve模块
三、json模块
四、json练习
五、xml模块
六、xml模块
七、configparser模块
一、pickle模块
#pickle是一个用来序列化的模块 #序列化是什么？ #指的是将内存中的数据结构转换为一种中间格式 并存储到硬盘上 #反序列化是什么？ #将硬盘上存储的中间格式数据再还原为内存中的数据结构 #为什么要序列化？ #就是为了将数据持久存储 #之前学过的文件也能持久化存储 但是操作起来非常麻烦 #总结：pickle模块主要功能 # dump # load # dumps 序列化 # loads 序列化 # 不带s是帮你封装了read和writh import pickle #用户注册得到的数据 name = "高根" password = "123" height = "1.5" hobby = ["吃","喝","飘"] with open("userdb.txt","wt",encoding="utf-8") as f: text="|".join([name,password,str(height)]) f.write(text) #序列化的过程 user={"name":name,"password":password,"height":height,"hobby":hobby} #支持python中所有格式 with open("userdb.pkl","wb",)as f: userbytes=pickle.dumps(user) f.write(userbytes) #反序列化过程 with open("userdb.pkl","rb")as f: userbytes=f.read() user=pickle.loads(userbytes) print(user) print(type(user)) #dump使用 直接序列化到文件 with open("userdb.pkl","wb")as f: pickle.dump(user,f) #load从文件反序列化 with open("userdb.pkl","rb")as f: user=pickle.load(f) print(user) #打包成函数（序列化） def myload(filename): with open(filename,"rb") as f: return pickle.load(f)
二、shelve模块
#内存->内置->sys.path import shelve """ shelve模块也用于序列化 它与pickle不同之处在于 不需要关心文件模式什么的 直接把他当成一个字典来看待 它可用于进行修改 """ user={"name":"高根"} s = shelve.open("userdb.shv") s["user"]=user s.close() s=shelve.open("userdb.shv",writeback=True) print(s["user"]) s["user"]["age"] = 20 s.close()
三、json模块
""" pickle和shelve 序列化后的到的数据只能python才能解析 通常企业开发不可能做一个当即程序 都需要联网进行计算机间交互 我么必须要保证这个数据 能够跨平台使用 JSON是什么？ Java script object notation 就是对象表示法 var obj = {“name”：“egon”} 对于我们开发而言，json就是一种通用的数据格式 任何语言都能解析 js中的数据类型 python数据类型的对应关系 {} 字典 [] list string“” str int/float int/float true/false True/False null None json的语法规范 最外层通常是一个字典或列表 {} or [] 只要你想写个json格式的数据最外层直接写{} 字符串必须是双引号，可以在面套任意多的层次 json模块的核心功能 dump dumps load loads 不带s 封装了write和read功能 """ import json # 反序列化 with open("a.json","rt",encoding="utf-8")as f: res=json.loads(f.read()) print(type(res)) with open("a.json",encoding="utf-8") as f: print(json.load(f)) # 直接解析字符串的json为python对象 jsontext = """{ "user": [{ "name": "egon", "age": "18" }, { "name": "egon", "age": "18" } ] }""" res=json.loads(jsontext) print(res) mydic={ "user": [{ "name": "egon", "age": "18" }, { "name": "egon", "age": "18" } ] } with open("b.json", "wt",encoding="utf-8") as f: f.write(json.dumps(mydic)) with open("b.json", "wt",encoding="utf-8") as f: json.dump(mydic, f) dic = {"a":"理查德姑妈","b":"杰克船长","c":"神秘客人"} with open("c.json","wt",encoding="utf-8") as f: f.write(json.dumps(dic)) with open("c.json","rt",encoding="utf-8")as f: d = json.loads(f.read()) print(d)
四、json练习
#将下面内容存储到（news.json）文件
"reason":"成功的返回", "result":{ "stat":"1", "data":[ { "uniquekey":"35efd2ba169d7f965669d44eb7cb8a2e", "title":"原油技术分析：API意外减少油价暂获支撑 晚间EIA将决定油价命运", "date":"2018-10-17 10:15", "category":"头条", "author_name":"FX168财经", "url":"http://mini.eastday.com/mobile/181017101548328.html", "thumbnail_pic_s":"http://05imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017101548_ce78d3f30d852abd47767db8f203f2fc_1_mwpm_03200403.jpg" }, { "uniquekey":"1618e0662b838a153513c5b2a052e25f", "title":"战胜荷兰后，中国女排已提前完成目标，郎平27个字霸气宣战意大利", "date":"2018-10-17 10:08", "category":"头条", "author_name":"蓝天侃球", "url":"http://mini.eastday.com/mobile/181017100831808.html", "thumbnail_pic_s":"http://06imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017100831_0b2d9fb72339fc3cc95650ff8bfa133b_1_mwpm_03200403.jpg", "thumbnail_pic_s02":"http://06imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017100831_0b2d9fb72339fc3cc95650ff8bfa133b_2_mwpm_03200403.jpg", "thumbnail_pic_s03":"http://06imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017100831_0b2d9fb72339fc3cc95650ff8bfa133b_3_mwpm_03200403.jpg" }, { "uniquekey":"64a242ea9d12444cc36b2343810f71d9", "title":"华为何刚：华为Mate20系列国内版比海外版配置更高！", "date":"2018-10-17 10:03", "category":"头条", "author_name":"锋科技", "url":"http://mini.eastday.com/mobile/181017100355012.html", "thumbnail_pic_s":"http://07imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017100355_b993a230dffab4a79c14faf62c4b69b3_1_mwpm_03200403.jpg", "thumbnail_pic_s02":"http://07imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017100355_b993a230dffab4a79c14faf62c4b69b3_2_mwpm_03200403.jpg", "thumbnail_pic_s03":"http://07imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017100355_b993a230dffab4a79c14faf62c4b69b3_3_mwpm_03200403.jpg" }, { "uniquekey":"0e81695aa774146ae79eef96ef41f476", "title":"盘点NBA4大“绝世好男人”，威少为妻不逛夜店，库里初中定情", "date":"2018-10-17 10:02", "category":"头条", "author_name":"体坛之王", "url":"http://mini.eastday.com/mobile/181017100227516.html", "thumbnail_pic_s":"http://06imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017100227_ff4ea97e77601d281e804115b692d72f_3_mwpm_03200403.jpg", "thumbnail_pic_s02":"http://06imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017100227_ff4ea97e77601d281e804115b692d72f_4_mwpm_03200403.jpg", "thumbnail_pic_s03":"http://06imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017100227_ff4ea97e77601d281e804115b692d72f_2_mwpm_03200403.jpg" }, { "uniquekey":"c69cd1bc7ce70e3f100fa0ffa0878776", "title":"一个番茄5味药！男人强身，女人养颜，老人抗癌，错过真亏", "date":"2018-10-17 10:01", "category":"头条", "author_name":"39健康网", "url":"http://mini.eastday.com/mobile/181017100120544.html", "thumbnail_pic_s":"http://02imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017_cdc69488259c28d2b5c222d176f22cbd_cover_mwpm_03200403.jpg", "thumbnail_pic_s02":"http://02imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017_1f86c1e51920783971af2366c00188af_cover_mwpm_03200403.jpg", "thumbnail_pic_s03":"http://02imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017_e7358d8849b746133be79b2d1d7c0f31_cover_mwpm_03200403.jpg" }, { "uniquekey":"6ebf32c2a30704d0503910114ba396af", "title":"创业板估值位于历史最低 但业绩增速放缓分析师继续唱空", "date":"2018-10-17 10:00", "category":"头条", "author_name":"财联社", "url":"http://mini.eastday.com/mobile/181017100055547.html", "thumbnail_pic_s":"http://04imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017100055_82eff7d2425f422b3cc0ad37d1982255_3_mwpm_03200403.jpg", "thumbnail_pic_s02":"http://04imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017100055_82eff7d2425f422b3cc0ad37d1982255_1_mwpm_03200403.jpg" }, { "uniquekey":"a7e459aebf8aa6d74e7ddc4b156baf36", "title":"2018赛季奖励一览 S8赛季胜利女神皮肤奖励介绍", "date":"2018-10-17 10:00", "category":"头条", "author_name":"斗玩网", "url":"http://mini.eastday.com/mobile/181017100045828.html", "thumbnail_pic_s":"http://03imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017100045_99ac69a133f6b87f242b3651cb747b83_6_mwpm_03200403.jpg", "thumbnail_pic_s02":"http://03imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017100045_99ac69a133f6b87f242b3651cb747b83_2_mwpm_03200403.jpg", "thumbnail_pic_s03":"http://03imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017100045_99ac69a133f6b87f242b3651cb747b83_1_mwpm_03200403.jpg" }, { "uniquekey":"c4d04bf47c5a45bcb7f0313b60de84d8", "title":"国产全新大众速腾比朗逸大一圈！这回你满意了吧！", "date":"2018-10-17 10:00", "category":"头条", "author_name":"快车报", "url":"http://mini.eastday.com/mobile/181017100014570.html", "thumbnail_pic_s":"http://03imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017100014_316d207ba4061e7d5651db8259e88319_8_mwpm_03200403.jpg", "thumbnail_pic_s02":"http://03imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017100014_316d207ba4061e7d5651db8259e88319_3_mwpm_03200403.jpg", "thumbnail_pic_s03":"http://03imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017100014_316d207ba4061e7d5651db8259e88319_11_mwpm_03200403.jpg" }, { "uniquekey":"48721b05ac0e8cc8a1419f4dde398984", "title":"终于看到NPC团综的希望，九个小哥哥集体飞北京，疑似团综开拍", "date":"2018-10-17 10:00", "category":"头条", "author_name":"用微笑离开后的坚强", "url":"http://mini.eastday.com/mobile/181017100006065.html", "thumbnail_pic_s":"http://03imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017100006_29e6023f4ca7a46c5eb7f470ac2c9eb3_3_mwpm_03200403.jpg", "thumbnail_pic_s02":"http://03imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017100006_29e6023f4ca7a46c5eb7f470ac2c9eb3_1_mwpm_03200403.jpg", "thumbnail_pic_s03":"http://03imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017100006_29e6023f4ca7a46c5eb7f470ac2c9eb3_6_mwpm_03200403.jpg" }, { "uniquekey":"2bdc6124ecee5a3789c994dfec2ced06", "title":"RNG小组第一EDG小组第二 这让网友产生一个可怕的想法！", "date":"2018-10-17 09:58", "category":"头条", "author_name":"淘游助手", "url":"http://mini.eastday.com/mobile/181017095804681.html", "thumbnail_pic_s":"http://05imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017095804_a2c4f5c0b9035a369f10027a834c9fe9_3_mwpm_03200403.jpg", "thumbnail_pic_s02":"http://05imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017095804_a2c4f5c0b9035a369f10027a834c9fe9_1_mwpm_03200403.jpg", "thumbnail_pic_s03":"http://05imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017095804_a2c4f5c0b9035a369f10027a834c9fe9_4_mwpm_03200403.jpg" }, { "uniquekey":"21b311386ac530f1a2dffbfe1f3f6f73", "title":"电动自行车行业发展现状分析 市场或将迎来洗牌", "date":"2018-10-17 09:57", "category":"头条", "author_name":"前瞻产业研究院", "url":"http://mini.eastday.com/mobile/181017095726864.html", "thumbnail_pic_s":"http://04imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017095726_e39f7c4dcf076c5ae666c6fe6771d562_1_mwpm_03200403.jpg", "thumbnail_pic_s02":"http://04imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017095726_e39f7c4dcf076c5ae666c6fe6771d562_2_mwpm_03200403.jpg" }, { "uniquekey":"b34556aeb06e8f2bef654bee4e428137", "title":"半决赛中国VS意大利，意大利输球挑中国队，朗平：他们会后悔", "date":"2018-10-17 09:56", "category":"头条", "author_name":"学尔纳", "url":"http://mini.eastday.com/mobile/181017095644664.html", 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"thumbnail_pic_s":"http://08imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017095300_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e_3_mwpm_03200403.jpg", "thumbnail_pic_s02":"http://08imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017095300_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e_1_mwpm_03200403.jpg", "thumbnail_pic_s03":"http://08imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017095300_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e_2_mwpm_03200403.jpg" }, { "uniquekey":"99b4ca1dbada3ad4b9c7bb94f56fdf86", "title":"曝巴萨大将赴上海看大师赛引俱乐部不满 别把心思全花在网球上", "date":"2018-10-17 09:52", "category":"头条", "author_name":"足球部落国际版", "url":"http://mini.eastday.com/mobile/181017095221673.html", "thumbnail_pic_s":"http://04imgmini.eastday.com/mobile/20181017/20181017095221_22a8dc9540f3f635aab47c781395d454_1_mwpm_03200403.jpg" }, { "uniquekey":"a4b3e2885c14f59ac99c1ffa7c8af470", "title":"大型魔术秀：消失的身体！求求你们放过近视眼吧……哈哈", "date":"2018-10-17 09:49", "category":"头条", "author_name":"HOT男人", "url":"http://mini.eastday.com/mobile/181017094950231.html", 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习题：把news.json中的新闻数据提取出来打印控制台
with open("news.json","rt",encoding="utf-8") as f: res = json.load(f) print(type(res)) for dic in res["result"]["data"]: for key in dic: print("%s:%s"%(key,dic[key]))
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