python实例

Posted 2021-01-03

python实例

一、RHEL7/CentOS7主机有四块网卡，eth0/eth1/eth2/eth3。为四块网卡配置IP地址及主机名。

#!/usr/bin/env python
import re
import sys
import subprocess

#定义配置ip地址函数
def configip(fname,ip_addr,if_ind):
    content = ‘‘‘TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=none      
NAME=eth%s
DEVICE=eth%s
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=%s
PREFIX=24
‘‘‘ % (if_ind,if_ind,ip_addr)
    with open(fname,‘w‘) as fobj:
        fobj.write(content)

#定义检测ip地址是否合法函数
def check_ip(ip_addr):     
    m = re.match(r‘(d{1,3}.){3}d{1,3}$‘,ip_addr)    
    if not m:
        return False
    return True

#定义配置主机名函数
def config_hostname():
    fhostname = ‘/etc/hostname‘
    hostname = raw_input(‘Input You Hostname: ‘)
    with open(fhostname,‘w‘) as fobj:
        fobj.write(hostname)
    subprocess.Popen(‘hostname %s ‘ % hostname,shell=True)

#定义显示菜单函数
def show_menu():
    prompt = ‘‘‘Configure IP Address:
(0)eth0
(1)eth1
(2)eth2
(3)eth3
Your choice(0/1/2/3):‘‘‘
    try:
        if_ind = raw_input(prompt).strip()[0]
    except:
        print ‘Invalid raw_input.‘
        sys.exit(1)

    if if_ind not in ‘0123‘:
        print ‘Wrong Selection. Use 0/1/2/3/‘
        sys.exit(2)

    fname = ‘/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth%s‘ % if_ind
    ip_addr = raw_input(‘ip address: ‘).strip()
    result = check_ip(ip_addr)
    if not result:
        print ‘Invalid ip address!‘
        sys.exit(3)
    configip(fname,ip_addr,if_ind)

    subprocess.Popen(‘systemctl restart network‘,shell=True)
    print ‘33[32;1mConfigure ip address done. Please execute "systemctl restart NetworkManager"33[0m‘

if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
    main_menu = ‘‘‘(0)config_hostname
(1)config_ipaddr
Your choice(0/1)‘‘‘
    try:
        ind = raw_input(main_menu).strip()[0]
    except:
        print ‘Invalid raw_input.‘
        sys.exit(4)
    if ind not in ‘01‘:
        print ‘Wrong Selection. Use 0/1‘
        sys.exit(5)
    if ind == ‘0‘:
        config_hostname()
    show_menu()
备注：
1.  通过指定方式的办法来获取地址，如果未指定的化可能会出现问题，有三种模式:static 静态ip；dhcp 动态ip；none 无(不指定)
2.  m = re.match(r‘(d{1,3}.){3}d{1,3}$‘,ip_addr)    # r 表示 raw string(原始字符串常量)，用于规避反斜杠的转义