python操作mysql数据库系列-安装MySql数据库
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1.首先下载mysql我选择的版本是5.7.19 基于64位的windows操作系统。mysql的下载地址传送门：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads 这里面有不同操作系统的安装包大家有需要都可以自行去下载。
具体安装如下：
1、把 mysql-5.7.20-winx64zip 压缩文件解压到 D:\\application\\mysql 目录下；
2、在 D:\\application\\mysql目录下新建 my.ini 配置文件；
3、用文本编辑器或其他编辑器打开 my.ini 文件，把以下代码复制粘贴进去，保存退出；
#代码开始
[Client]
#设置3306端口
port = 3306
[mysqld]
#设置3306端口
port = 3306
# 设置mysql的安装目录
basedir=D:\\application\\mysql
# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录
datadir=D:\\application\\mysql\\data
# 允许最大连接数
max_connections=200
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集
character-set-server=utf8
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
[mysql]
# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
default-character-set=utf8
#代码结束
4.1、新建系统变量并配置变量值为 D:\\application\\mysql ；
以管理员身份运行命令提示符cmd（一定要用管理员身份运行，不然权限不够）输入如下命令：
mysqld --defaults-file=my.ini --initialize-insecure
mysqld --install
开始mysql服务：net start mysql 关闭mysql服务： net stop mysql
设置 mysql 的 root 密码，运行以下指令:mysql -u root -p 弹出的密码框可以咱时不用输入密码，直接按回车键 enter键 即可出现下面的页面。
然后我们修改一下mysql的登录密码：下面的代码逐一运行。
mysql -u root -p
use mysql;
update user set authentication_string=password(\'您的密码\') where user=\'root\';
flush privileges;
exit
至此，Mysql 8.0 winx64 解压缩版配置安装已经完成！
use （database name）即可
初次使用的时候，可以无法查询数据库中的表，等信息需要先创建一个数据库，在使用。这个报错原因是没有选择数据库！ 首先建立数据库，再在其中建立数据表：
创建的库为ruifeng,但是里面目前还没有表。
下面这些命令mysql常用的命令：
# status 状态
# net start mysql
# net stop mysql
# mysql -h localhost -u root -p 使用该命令访问mysql
# show databases; 查看mysql有哪些库
# use db; 切换数库
# show tables;查看有哪些表
# desc xxx; 查看表中有哪些字段
# show create table user \\G: 查看创建表的脚本 信息
1.show databases;查看有哪些库
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| bjpowernode |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| ruifeng |
| sys |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
2.use mysql 使用mysql库
mysql> use mysql
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
3.show tables查看mysql库下面有哪些表
mysql> show tables;
+---------------------------+
| Tables_in_mysql |
+---------------------------+
| columns_priv |
| db |
| engine_cost |
| event |
| func |
| general_log |
| gtid_executed |
| help_category |
| help_keyword |
| help_relation |
| help_topic |
| innodb_index_stats |
| innodb_table_stats |
| ndb_binlog_index |
| plugin |
| proc |
| procs_priv |
| proxies_priv |
| server_cost |
| servers |
| slave_master_info |
| slave_relay_log_info |
| slave_worker_info |
| slow_log |
| tables_priv |
| time_zone |
| time_zone_leap_second |
| time_zone_name |
| time_zone_transition |
| time_zone_transition_type |
| user |
+---------------------------+
4.desc 字段；查看表中有哪些字段；
mysql> desc proc;
+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------+-----+---------------------+-----------------------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------+-----+---------------------+-----------------------------+
| db | char(64) | NO | PRI | | |
| name | char(64) | NO | PRI | | |
| type | enum(\'FUNCTION\',\'PROCEDURE\') | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| specific_name | char(64) | NO | | | |
| language | enum(\'SQL\') | NO | | SQL | |
| sql_data_access | enum(\'CONTAINS_SQL\',\'NO_SQL\',\'READS_SQL_DATA\',\'MODIFIES_SQL_DATA\') | NO | | CONTAINS_SQL | |
| is_deterministic | enum(\'YES\',\'NO\') | NO | | NO | |
| security_type | enum(\'INVOKER\',\'DEFINER\') | NO | | DEFINER | |
| param_list | blob | NO | | NULL | |
| returns | longblob | NO | | NULL | |
| body | longblob | NO | | NULL | |
| definer | char(93) | NO | | | |
| created | timestamp | NO | | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | on update CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
| modified | timestamp | NO | | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | |
| sql_mode | set(\'REAL_AS_FLOAT\',\'PIPES_AS_CONCAT\',\'ANSI_QUOTES\',\'IGNORE_SPACE\',\'NOT_USED\',\'ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY\',\'NO_UNSIGNED_SUBTRACTION\',\'NO_DIR_IN_CREATE\',\'POSTGRESQL\',\'ORACLE\',\'MSSQL\',\'DB2\',\'MAXDB\',\'NO_KEY_OPTIONS\',\'NO_TABLE_OPTIONS\',\'NO_FIELD_OPTIONS\',\'MYSQL323\',\'MYSQL40\',\'ANSI\',\'NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO\',\'NO_BACKSLASH_ESCAPES\',\'STRICT_TRANS_TABLES\',\'STRICT_ALL_TABLES\',\'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE\',\'NO_ZERO_DATE\',\'INVALID_DATES\',\'ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO\',\'TRADITIONAL\',\'NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER\',\'HIGH_NOT_PRECEDENCE\',\'NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION\',\'PAD_CHAR_TO_FULL_LENGTH\') | NO | | | |
| comment | text | NO | | NULL | |
| character_set_client | char(32) | YES | | NULL | |
| collation_connection | char(32) | YES | | NULL | |
| db_collation | char(32) | YES | | NULL | |
| body_utf8 | longblob | YES | | NULL | |
+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------+-----+---------------------+-----------------------------+
20 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
5.show create table user \\G: 查看创建表的脚本信息
mysql> show create table user \\G:
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: user
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `user` (
`Host` char(60) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT \'\',
`User` char(32) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT \'\',
`Select_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`Insert_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`Update_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`Delete_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`Create_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`Drop_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`Reload_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`Shutdown_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`Process_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`File_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`Grant_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`References_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`Index_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`Alter_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`Show_db_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`Super_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`Create_tmp_table_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`Lock_tables_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`Execute_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`Repl_slave_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`Repl_client_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`Create_view_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`Show_view_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`Create_routine_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`Alter_routine_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`Create_user_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`Event_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`Trigger_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`Create_tablespace_priv` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`ssl_type` enum(\'\',\'ANY\',\'X509\',\'SPECIFIED\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'\',
`ssl_cipher` blob NOT NULL,
`x509_issuer` blob NOT NULL,
`x509_subject` blob NOT NULL,
`max_questions` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT \'0\',
`max_updates` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT \'0\',
`max_connections` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT \'0\',
`max_user_connections` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT \'0\',
`plugin` char(64) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT \'mysql_native_password\',
`authentication_string` text COLLATE utf8_bin,
`password_expired` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
`password_last_changed` timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`password_lifetime` smallint(5) unsigned DEFAULT NULL,
`account_locked` enum(\'N\',\'Y\') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT \'N\',
PRIMARY KEY (`Host`,`User`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT=\'Users and global privileges\'
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
-> exit;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near \':
exit\' at line 1
mysql>
mysql>
mysql>
mysql> show create table ruifeng \\G:
ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table \'mysql.ruifeng\' doesn\'t exist
-> mysql> desc proc;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near \':
mysql> desc proc\' at line 1
mysql> +----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------+-----+---------------------+-----------------------------+
-> | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
-> +----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------+-----+---------------------+-----------------------------+
-> | db | char(64) | NO | PRI | | |
-> | name | char(64) | NO | PRI | | |
-> | type | enum(\'FUNCTION\',\'PROCEDURE\') | NO | PRI | NULL | |
-> | specific_name | char(64) | NO | | | |
-> | language | enum(\'SQL\') | NO | | SQL | |
-> | sql_data_access | enum(\'CONTAINS_SQL\',\'NO_SQL\',\'READS_SQL_DATA\',\'MODIFIES_SQL_DATA\') | NO | | CONTAINS_SQL | |
-> | is_deterministic | enum(\'YES\',\'NO\') 以上是关于python操作mysql数据库系列-安装MySql数据库的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章
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