Python学习---django知识补充之CBV
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Django知识补充之CBV
Django:
url --> def函数 FBV[function based view] 用函数和URL进行匹配
url --> 类 CBV[function based view] 用类和URL进行匹配
POSTMAN插件
http://blog.csdn.net/zzy1078689276/article/details/77528249
基于CBV的登录实例：
settings.py
INSTALLED_APPS = [ ... \'app01\', # 注册app ] STATICFILES_DIRS = (os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "statics"),) # 现添加的配置,这里是元组，注意逗号 TEMPLATES = [ ... \'DIRS\': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, \'templates\')], ]
urls.py
from django.contrib import admin from django.urls import path from django.conf.urls import url, include from app01 import views urlpatterns = [ # 基于CBV的登录 # url(r\'^login.html/\', views.login), # 原来基于函数 url(r\'^login.html/\', views.Login.as_view()), # 现在基于类名.as_view() ]
views.py
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
from app01 import models
# 基于CBV的登录,需要导入views
from django import views
class Login(views.View):
# http_method_names = [\'get\', \'post\', \'put\', \'patch\', \'delete\', \'head\', \'options\', \'trace\']
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
print(request.method, \'GGGGGGGGGGGG\')
message = \'\'
return render(request, \'login.html\', {\'message\': message}) # 这里是网页html
def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
print(request.method, \'OOOOOOOOOOOOO\')
username = request.POST.get("user")
password = request.POST.get("pass")
print(\'username: %s, password:%s\' % (username, password))
# obj = models.Administrator.objects.filter(username=username, password=password).count()
# if obj: 从数据库内取出数据，进行判断也可以
if username == \'root\' and password == \'root\':
req = redirect(\'/index.html/\') # 接收redirect对象，# 这里是浏览器路径，伪静态
# req.set_cookie(\'username\', username, max_age=10) # 设置超时时间10s
import datetime
timeout = datetime.datetime.now() + datetime.timedelta(seconds=10)
req.set_cookie(\'username\', username, max_age=10, expires=timeout)
# IE设置超时时间10s
return req
# return redirect(\'/index.html\') # 与上面3行同，只是添加了Cookie
else:
message = \'用户名或密码错误\'
return render(request, \'login.html\', {\'message\': message}) # 这里是网页html
templates/login.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
{# 伪静态#}
<form action="/login.html/" method="post">
{% csrf_token %} {# 为跨站请求 #}
<div>
<label for="user">用户名</label>
<input id="user" name="user" type="text">
</div>
<div>
<label for="pass">密 码</label>
<input id="pass" name="pass" type="password">
</div>
<div>
<label></label>
<input value="登录" type="submit">
<span style="color: red">{{ message }}</span>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
templates/index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
</head>
<body>
<h2>hello, {{ username }}</h2>
</body>
</html>
页面显示:
CBV基于装饰器的使用<一> ---基于Python旧方法
CBV基于装饰器的使用<一> ---基于Python旧方法
装饰器：函数执行之前/后可以增加扩展功能
有多个方法的时候，必须给每个方法添加装饰器哈
CBV的反射原理
单一装饰器
views.py
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
from app01 import models
# 基于CBV的登录,需要导入views
from django import views
from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator # 导入装饰器
# 基于CBV的装饰器的使用
def outer(func):
def inner(request, *args, **kwargs):
print(request.method)
return func(request, *args, **kwargs)
return inner
class Login(views.View):
# http_method_names = [\'get\', \'post\', \'put\', \'patch\', \'delete\', \'head\', \'options\', \'trace\']
@method_decorator(outer)
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
message = \'\'
return render(request, \'login.html\', {\'message\': message}) # 这里是网页html
@method_decorator(outer)
def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
username = request.POST.get("user")
password = request.POST.get("pass")
print(\'username: %s, password:%s\' % (username, password))
# obj = models.Administrator.objects.filter(username=username, password=password).count()
# if obj: 从数据库内取出数据，进行判断也可以
if username == \'root\' and password == \'root\':
req = redirect(\'/index.html/\') # 接收redirect对象，# 这里是浏览器路径，伪静态
# req.set_cookie(\'username\', username, max_age=10) # 设置超时时间10s
import datetime
timeout = datetime.datetime.now() + datetime.timedelta(seconds=10)
req.set_cookie(\'username\', username, max_age=10, expires=timeout)
# IE设置超时时间10s
return req
# return redirect(\'/index.html\') # 与上面3行同，只是添加了Cookie
else:
message = \'用户名或密码错误\'
return render(request, \'login.html\', {\'message\': message}) # 这里是网页html
CBV基于装饰器的使用<二> --基于Django的dispatch[多个装饰器]
CBV基于装饰器的使用<二> --基于Django的dispatch[多个装饰器]
如果对某一种请求做处理： 单一装饰器
如果对所有的请求做处理： dispatch单一装饰器
添加装饰器有2中方法:
1.类上添加
2.方法上添加
自定义转发dispatch函数
from django import views
from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator # 导入装饰器
class Login(views.View):
# http_method_names = [\'get\', \'post\', \'put\', \'patch\', \'delete\', \'head\', \'options\', \'trace\']
# 自定义转发器，URL进来都在此处进行URL转发，我们可以有一些预操作[函数验证可以放此处]
def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
print(\'自定义dispatch: 前\')
# if request.method == \'POST\':
# return HttpResponse("Good Bye") # 预操作处理
# 请求先到Login的dispatch，然后调用父类的dispatch，返回结果给了obj
obj = super(Login, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs) # 自定义转发且调用父类dispatch
# 将父类的返回结果返回给界面，否则界面报错
print(\'自定义dispatch: 后\')
return obj
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
message = \'\'
return render(request, \'login.html\', {\'message\': message}) # 这里是网页html
...同上
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