Python读写Excel文件

Posted 2020-12-22 破竹

需求是有两个Excel文件：1.xlsx，2.xlsx，比较2.xlsx中的A,B列和1.xlsx中的A,B列；查找1.xlsx中存在，2.xlsx中不存在的行数据，输出到result.xlsx文件中

1.xlsx内容如下

2.xlsx内容如下

上代码

# coding=utf-8

import xlrd
import xlwt

# 打开文件
#data = xlrd.open_workbook(\'./附件7：溶洞钻孔、埋管、注浆.xlsx\')

# 查看工作表
#data.sheet_names()
#print("sheets：" + str(data.sheet_names()))

# 通过文件名获得工作表,获取工作表1
#table = data.sheet_by_name(\'20200404\')

# 打印data.sheet_names()可发现，返回的值为一个列表，通过对列表索引操作获得工作表1
# table = data.sheet_by_index(0)

# 获取行数和列数
# 行数：table.nrows
# 列数：table.ncols
#print("总行数：" + str(table.nrows))
#print("总列数：" + str(table.ncols))

# 获取整行的值 和整列的值，返回的结果为数组
# 整行值：table.row_values(start,end)
# 整列值：table.col_values(start,end)
# 参数 start 为从第几个开始打印，
# end为打印到那个位置结束，默认为none
#print("整行值：" + str(table.row_values(0)))
#print("整列值：" + str(table.col_values(1)))

# 合并第0行的第0列到第3列。
worksheet.write_merge(0, 0, 0, 3, \'First Merge\')
worksheet.write_merge(1, 2, 0, 3, \'Second Merge\', style) 
worksheet.write_merge(4, 6, 3, 6, \'My merge\', style)
#worksheet.write_merge(开始行,结束行, 开始列, 结束列, \'My merge\', style)
如果设置颜色，样式，参考：  https://www.cnblogs.com/machangwei-8/p/10738244.html
#pattern = xlwt.Pattern() # 创建模式对象Create the Pattern
#pattern.pattern = xlwt.Pattern.SOLID_PATTERN # May be: NO_PATTERN, SOLID_PATTERN, or 0x00 through 0x12
#pattern.pattern_fore_colour = 5 #设置模式颜色 May be: 8 through 63. 0 = Black, 1 = White, 2 = Red, 3 = Green, 4 = Blue, 5 = Yellow, 6 = Magenta, 7 = Cyan, 16 = Maroon, #17 = Dark Green, 18 = Dark Blue, 19 = Dark Yellow , almost brown), 20 = Dark Magenta, 21 = Teal, 22 = Light Gray, 23 = Dark Gray, the list goes on...
#style = xlwt.XFStyle() # 创建样式对象Create the Pattern
#style.pattern = pattern # 将模式加入到样式对象Add Pattern to Style

# 获取某个单元格的值，例如获取B3单元格值
#cel_B3 = table.cell(3,2).value
#print("第三行第二列的值：" + cel_B3)

def read_xlrd(excelFile,tablename):
    data = xlrd.open_workbook(excelFile)
    #table = data.sheet_by_index(0)
    table = data.sheet_by_name(tablename)
    print("总行数：" + str(table.nrows))
    print("总列数：" + str(table.ncols))
    dataFile = []

    for rowNum in range(table.nrows):
        # if 去掉表头
        if rowNum > 0:
            dataFile.append(table.row_values(rowNum))

    return dataFile
    

workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding = \'ascii\')
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet(\'sheet1\')

def writeLine(row ,line):
    col=0
    while col <len(line):
        worksheet.write(row,col, line[col])
        col+=1

filename1=\'./附件7：溶洞钻孔、埋管、注浆.xlsx\' 
data1=read_xlrd(filename1,\'20200404\')
filename2=\'./设计之都溶洞注浆台账.xlsx\' 
data2=read_xlrd(filename2,\'Sheet1\')
data=[]
for row in data1[4:]:
    #print(row[0],row[1])
    data.append([row[0],row[1]])
#print(data)
result=[]
i=0
for row in data2[1:]:
    
    buf=[row[1],row[2]]
    if buf not in data:
        print(row,\'不存在\')
        writeLine(i,  row)
        i+=1
workbook.save(\'result.xlsx\')

之后生成结果result.xlsx文件

Python模块xlwt对excel进行写入操作