Jenkins+Python调用阿里云API实现发布自动修改SLB权重

Posted 2020-12-11

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需求
目前线上环境系统通过Jenkins发布时，需先将发布的ECS实例手动下线，即在阿里云SLB手动修改权重为0。然后在Jenkins中发布构建，发布完成后，又在SLB上手动修改权重。现为了省去每次登录阿里云SLB控制台，手动修改SLB权重这一繁琐的手动操作。现通过调用阿里云SLB的API结合Python程序去实现，通过API实现对SLB下的ECS实例的下线、移除、增加等操作，实际情况用的比较多的是对ECS下线操作，即修改SLB下对应的ECS实例权重。
开始实战操作：

环境
Jenkins
Python3.8
CentOS7
这里附上Python3.8的安装：

#CentOS7 源码编译安装Python3.8
安装依赖：
yum install gcc openssl-devel bzip2-devel expat-devel gdbm-devel readline-devel sqlite-devel libffi-devel tk-devel wget curl-devel
下载：
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.0/Python-3.8.0.tgz
解压：
tar -xzvf Python-3.8.0.tgz
编译安装：
mkdir /usr/local/python3
/root/Python-3.8.0
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3/
make && make install
建立软链接：
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3

调用阿里云API
需先安装sdk模块
安装 aliyun-python-sdk-core-v3

安装 aliyun-python-sdk-slb

关键的python脚本如下：

#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*-coding:utf-8 -*-
#@Time     : 2020/06/16
#@Author   : Joey

import sys
import json

from aliyunsdkcore.client import AcsClient
from aliyunsdkslb.request.v20140515 import DescribeLoadBalancersRequest
from aliyunsdkslb.request.v20140515 import DescribeLoadBalancerAttributeRequest
from aliyunsdkslb.request.v20140515 import SetBackendServersRequest
from aliyunsdkslb.request.v20140515 import AddBackendServersRequest
from aliyunsdkslb.request.v20140515 import RemoveBackendServersRequest

#Access Key 信息
AccessKey = ‘ak‘
AccessKeySecret = ‘ak123‘
RegionId = ‘cn-shanghai‘

client = AcsClient(AccessKey, AccessKeySecret, RegionId)

Info = ‘‘‘
Basic Commands :
  get            获取SLB信息
  edit           配置SLB的后端权重
  add            添加SLB的后端实例
  remove         删除SLB的后端实例
Usage:
    获取所有实例的信息
        python slb.py get all
    获取某一实例的信息
        python slb.py get lb-uf6rb7g4a3op3f1qi19yx
    编辑单个权重
        python slb.py edit lb-uf6rb7g4a3op3f1qi19yx [{"ServerId":"i-ecs","Weight":"95","ServerIp":"10.10.10.10","Type":"ecs"}]
    编辑多个权重（最多20个）
        python slb.py edit lb-uf6rb7g4a3op3f1qi19yx [{"ServerId":"i-ecs1","Weight":"100"},{"ServerId":"i-ecs2","Weight":"100"}]
    添加单个后端ecs
        python slb.py add lb-uf6rb7g4a3op3f1qi19yx [{"ServerId":"i-ecs01","Weight":"100"}]
    添加多个后端ecs
        python slb.py add lb-uf6rb7g4a3op3f1qi19yx [{"ServerId":"i-ecs01","Weight":"100"},{"ServerId":"i-ecs02","Weight":"100"}]
    删除单个后端ecs
        python slb.py remove lb-uf6rb7g4a3op3f1qi19yx [{"ServerId":"i-ecs01","Weight":"100"}]
    删除多个后端ecs
        python slb.py remove lb-uf6rb7g4a3op3f1qi19yx [{"ServerId":"i-ecs01","Weight":"100"},{"ServerId":"i-ecs02","Weight":"100"}]
‘‘‘

def InfoSLB():
    print(Info)

def DescribeLoadBalancers(resource):
    request = DescribeLoadBalancersRequest.DescribeLoadBalancersRequest()   #SLB实例列表
    response = client.do_action_with_exception(request)    #发起请求
    SLBInfo = json.loads(response)  #处理 response  Json字符串对象
    LoadBalancerIdList = []
    for SLBInstance in SLBInfo[‘LoadBalancers‘][‘LoadBalancer‘]:    #LoadBalancers 返回负载均衡实例列表， LoadBalancer 负载均衡实例
        LoadBalancerIdList.append(SLBInstance[‘LoadBalancerId‘])    #通过 LoadBalancerId 得到 SLB实例
        print("SLBInstance实例详细信息： %s " % SLBInstance)

    if resource == ‘all‘:
        Ali_Slb_Info = {}
        for SLBInstance in SLBInfo[‘LoadBalancers‘][‘LoadBalancer‘]:    #SLB 实例
            request = DescribeLoadBalancerAttributeRequest.DescribeLoadBalancerAttributeRequest()   #SLB实例详细信息
            request.set_LoadBalancerId(SLBInstance[‘LoadBalancerId‘])
            #request.get_LoadBalancerId()
            response = client.do_action_with_exception(request)
            Ali_Slb_Info[SLBInstance[‘LoadBalancerId‘]] = json.loads(response.decode(‘utf-8‘))    #Json字符串 反序列化成 python对象， SLB实例列表 存储到set
        print(LoadBalancerIdList)
        # print(Ali_Slb_Info[SLBInstance[‘LoadBalancerId‘]])
    elif resource in LoadBalancerIdList:
        request = DescribeLoadBalancerAttributeRequest.DescribeLoadBalancerAttributeRequest()
        request.set_LoadBalancerId(resource)    #某一SLB实例详细信息
        response = client.do_action_with_exception(request)
        response = json.loads(response.decode(‘utf-8‘))
        print("SLB后端ECS服务器列表: %s " % response[‘BackendServers‘])    #SLB后端服务器列表
    else:
        print("输入错误,请输入 all 或 SLB实例ID ！")

#设置SLB后端服务器权重等信息
def SetBackendServers(resource,BackendServers):
    request = SetBackendServersRequest.SetBackendServersRequest()    #调用SetBackendServers设置后端服务器权重、Port、ECS等信息
    request.set_accept_format(‘json‘)
    request.set_BackendServers(BackendServers)
    request.set_LoadBalancerId(resource)
    print("后端ECS信息： %s" % BackendServers)
    response = client.do_action_with_exception(request)
    print("SLB返回结果为： %s" % str(response, encoding=‘utf-8‘))

#增加SLB后端实例
def AddBackendServers(resource,BackendServers):
    request = AddBackendServersRequest.AddBackendServersRequest()    #调用 AddBackendServersRequest 调整增加后端实例
    request.set_accept_format(‘json‘)
    request.set_BackendServers(BackendServers)
    request.set_LoadBalancerId(resource)

    response = client.do_action_with_exception(request)
    print(str(response, encoding=‘utf-8‘))

#移除SLB后端实例
def RemoveBackendServers(resource,BackendServers):
    request = RemoveBackendServersRequest()
    request.set_accept_format(‘json‘)
    request.set_BackendServers(BackendServers)
    request.set_LoadBalancerId(resource)

    response = client.do_action_with_exception(request)
    print(str(response, encoding=‘utf-8‘))

if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
    if len(sys.argv) == 1:
        main()
    else:
        userInput = sys.argv[1:]
        if userInput[0] == ‘get‘ and userInput[1]:    #userInput[1] LoadBalancerId or all
            resource = userInput[1]
            print("SLB实例ID： %s " % resource)
            DescribeLoadBalancers(resource)
        elif userInput[0] == ‘edit‘ and userInput[1] and userInput[2]:    #userInput[1] LoadBalancerId; userInput[2] BackendServers
            resource = userInput[1]
            BackendServers = userInput[2]
            print("编辑的SLB实例ID： %s " % resource)
            print("编辑后端ECS，传入的参数信息： %s " % BackendServers)
            SetBackendServers(resource, BackendServers)
        elif userInput[0] == ‘add‘ and userInput[1] and userInput[2]:
            resource = userInput[1]
            BackendServers = userInput[2]
            AddBackendServers(resource, BackendServers)
        elif userInput[0] == ‘remove‘ and userInput[1] and userInput[2]:
            resource = userInput[1]
            BackendServers = userInput[2]
            RemoveBackendServers(resource, BackendServers)
        else:
            print("错误的输入！")

参考
阿里云官方在线调试： https://api.aliyun.com/
阿里云python SDK： https://api.aliyun.com/?spm=a2c1g.8271268.10000.2.4f27df258ss14Z#/?product=Slb&version=2014-05-15&api=SetBackendServers?ms={%22RegionId%22:%22cn-shanghai%22,%22LoadBalancerId%22:%22lb-uf6wawmk15dcqofidmfwc%22,%22BackendServers%22:%22[{\%22ServerId\%22:\%22i-11ohe548z\%22,\%22Weight\%22:\%2290\%22,\%22Type\%22:\%22ecs\%22,\%22Port\%22:\%228001\%22,\%22Description\%22:\%22test-104.67\%22}]%22}&tab=DEMO&lang=PYTHON
阿里云SLB API：https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/27634.html?spm=a2c4g.11186623.6.726.282576f9VSmTXT

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