python璇█鍩虹3
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鏍囩锛?a href='http://www.mamicode.com/so/1/%e4%bc%a0%e9%80%92%e5%8f%82%e6%95%b0' title='浼犻€掑弬鏁?>浼犻€掑弬鏁?/a> 鍙橀噺 copy python鍑芥暟 灏变細 鏍囪瘑 exce cti 澶栭儴
涓€锛?/strong>python鍑芥暟
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鈶c€佸嚱鏁板畾涔夎鍒欙細
鍑芥暟浠g爜鍧椾互 def 鍏抽敭璇嶅紑澶达紝鍚庢帴鍑芥暟鏍囪瘑绗﹀悕绉板拰鍦嗘嫭鍙?()銆備换浣曚紶鍏ュ弬鏁板拰鑷彉閲忓繀椤绘斁鍦ㄥ渾鎷彿涓棿锛屽渾鎷彿涔嬮棿鍙互鐢ㄤ簬瀹氫箟鍙傛暟銆?nbsp; 鍑芥暟鍐呭浠ュ啋鍙疯捣濮嬶紝骞朵笖缂╄繘銆?/p>
return [琛ㄨ揪寮廬 缁撴潫鍑芥暟锛岄€夋嫨鎬у湴杩斿洖涓€涓€肩粰璋冪敤鏂广€備笉鍐檙eturn锛岀浉褰撲簬杩斿洖 None銆?/p>
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def 鍑芥暟鍚嶏紙鍙傛暟鍒楄〃锛?
鍑芥暟浣?/p>
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鈶ャ€?strong>寤鸿锛?/strong>
鍑芥暟鐨勭涓€琛岃鍙ワ紝鍙互閫夋嫨鎬у湴浣跨敤鏂囨。瀛楃涓诧紝鐢ㄤ簬瀛樻斁鍑芥暟璇存槑锛屽嚱鏁板畾涔夋椂锛屼竴涓嚱鏁扮殑鍔熻兘瑕佸崟涓€銆?/p>
1銆佺畝鍗曞畾涔夊嚱鏁?/p>
#瀹氫箟鍑芥暟 def hello() : print("Hello Python ...!") #璋冪敤鍑芥暟 鍑芥暟涓嶈皟鐢紝涓嶆墽琛?hello()
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Hello Python ...!
銆€2銆佺畝鍗曞疄鐜颁笟鍔?/p>
#瀹氫箟鍑芥暟锛屽疄鐜版墦鍗?琛?鍒楃殑*鍙?def print_tr() : for i in range(5): for j in range(5): print("* ",end="") print() #璋冪敤 print_tr()
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* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
銆€3銆佸湪鍑芥暟涓紝瀹氫箟鍙傛暟
鍑芥暟鏄惁闇€瑕佹湭鐭ユ暟鍙備笌锛岄渶瑕佸彲浠ョ敤鍙傛暟瀹氫箟鍑烘潵銆?/p>
#璁$畻涓や釜鏁颁箣鍜?#2涓暟鏄湭鐭ユ暟锛屾湭鐭ユ暟鐩稿綋浜巔ython鐨勫弬鏁?def add(a,b): #print(鈥榹0}+{1}={2}鈥?format(a,b,a+b)) print(鈥?s+%s=%s鈥?(a,b,a+b)) #璋冪敤 add(7,8)
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7+8=15
4銆佸湪鍑芥暟涓紝鎸囧畾杩斿洖鍊?/p>
return [琛ㄨ揪寮廬 缁撴潫鍑芥暟锛岄€夋嫨鎬у湴杩斿洖涓€涓€肩粰璋冪敤鏂癸紝涓嶅甫琛ㄨ揪寮忕殑return鐩稿綋浜庤繑鍥濶one銆?/p>
#璋僡ddCopy01()鍑芥暟锛岃繑鍥炰袱涓暟涔嬪拰鐨勫€?def addCopy01(a,b): return a+b #璋冪敤 result = addCopy01(100,200) print(result) print(鈥?------------------------------鈥? #return 鐩存帴缁撴潫鍑芥暟锛屸€樺嚱鏁扮粨鏉熲€樻彁绀猴紝娌℃湁杈撳嚭銆?def test_method(): for i in range(10): print(i) return # return缁撴潫鍑芥暟 break缁撴潫寰幆 print(鈥樺嚱鏁扮粨鏉熲€? #璋冪敤 test_method()
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300 ------------------------------- 0
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#蹇呴』浼犲叆锛?涓弬鏁?def addCopy01(a,b): return a+b #璋冪敤 addCopy01(100,200)
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#鍏抽敭瀛楀弬鏁帮細 def printinfo(name, age): print("鍚嶅瓧: ", name) print("骞撮緞: ", age) #璋冪敤 printinfo(age=50, name="寮犱笁")
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鍚嶅瓧: 寮犱笁 骞撮緞: 50
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璋冪敤鍑芥暟鏃讹紝濡傛灉娌℃湁浼犻€掑弬鏁帮紝鍒欎細浣跨敤榛樿鍙傛暟銆?/p>
#榛樿鍙傛暟锛?def printinfo(name, age=35): print("鍚嶅瓧: ", name) print("骞撮緞: ", age) #璋冪敤 printinfo(name="寮犱笁",age=50) print("------------------------") printinfo(name="寮犱笁")
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鍚嶅瓧: 寮犱笁 骞撮緞: 50 ------------------------ 鍚嶅瓧: 寮犱笁 骞撮緞: 35
鈶c€佷笉瀹氶暱鍙傛暟
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鍔犱簡鏄熷彿锛?锛夌殑鍙傛暟鍚嶏紝浼氬瓨鏀炬墍鏈夋湭鍛藉悕鐨勫彉閲忓弬鏁般€傚鏋滃湪鍑芥暟璋冪敤鏃讹紝娌℃湁鎸囧畾鍙傛暟锛屽畠灏辨槸涓€涓┖鍏冪粍銆?/p>
#鏌ョ湅涓嶅畾闀垮弬鏁帮紝浼犲叆鐨勫€?def add2(a,*b): print(a,end="") print(b) #璋冪敤 add2(1) #1() add2(1,2) #1(2,) add2(1,2,3) #1(2, 3) print("------------------------") #姹傚拰 [涓嶉檺鍒跺嚑涓弬鏁癩 def add3(a,*b): sum = 0 for i in b: sum += i return a+sum #璋冪敤 print(add3(1)) print(add3(1,2)) print(add3(1,2,3))
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1() 1(2,) 1(2, 3) ------------------------ 1 3 6
python 浣跨敤 lambda 鏉ュ垱寤哄尶鍚嶅嚱鏁般€傛墍璋撳尶鍚嶏紝鎰忓嵆涓嶅啀浣跨敤 def 璇彞鏉ュ畾涔変竴涓嚱鏁般€?/p>
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娉ㄦ剰锛?/p>
鈶犮€乴ambda 鍙槸涓€涓〃杈惧紡锛屽嚱鏁颁綋姣?def 绠€鍗曞緢澶氥€?/p>
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鈶€?lambda 鍑芥暟鎷ユ湁鑷繁鐨勫懡鍚嶇┖闂达紝涓斾笉鑳借闂嚜宸卞弬鏁板垪琛ㄤ箣澶栨垨鍏ㄥ眬鍛藉悕绌洪棿閲岀殑鍙傛暟銆?/p>
sum = lambda a,b:a+b print(sum(10,20))
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30
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number = [1,2,3,4,5,6] info = "Hello"
瑙i噴锛歔1,2,3,4,5,6] 鏄?List 绫诲瀷锛?ldquo;Hello” 鏄?String 绫诲瀷锛岃€屽彉閲弉umber涓巌nfo鏄病鏈夌被鍨嬶紝瀹冧粎浠呮槸涓€涓璞$殑寮曠敤(涓€涓寚閽?,鍙互鏄寚鍚?List 绫诲瀷瀵硅薄锛屼篃鍙互鏄寚鍚?String 绫诲瀷瀵硅薄
鈶°€佸彲鏇存敼涓庝笉鍙洿鏀瑰璞?/strong>
python 涓竴鍒囬兘鏄璞★紝浼犻€掑弬鏁板垎涓轰紶涓嶅彲鍙樺璞″拰浼犲彲鍙樺璞?/p>
python 涓?string瀛楃涓?tuple鍏冪粍,鍜宯umbers鏁存暟,鏄笉鍙洿鏀圭殑瀵硅薄,鑰宭ist鍒楄〃,dict瀛楀吀绛夊垯鏄彲浠ヤ慨鏀圭殑瀵硅薄銆?/p>
浣跨敤鍑芥暟鐨勬椂鍊欙紝濡傛灉浼犲叆鍙傛暟鏄笉鍙彉鐨勶紝閭d箞鍙傛暟閲岄潰瀵规暟鎹仛鐨勪换浣曟搷浣滐紝閮戒笉浼氬鍑芥暟澶栭潰鐨勬暟鎹甫鏉ュ奖鍝嶃€備笉鍙彉绫诲瀷锛氬fun锛坅锛夛紝浼犻€掔殑鍙槸a 鐨勫€硷紝娌℃湁褰卞搷a瀵硅薄鏈韩銆傛瘮濡傚湪 fun锛坅锛夊唴閮ㄤ慨鏀?a 鐨勫€硷紝鍙槸淇敼鍙︿竴涓鍒剁殑鏂板璞★紝涓嶄細褰卞搷 a 鏈韩銆?/p>
# 涓嶅彲鍙樼被鍨嬪弬鏁颁紶閫?num = 1 def change(num): num = 3 #娌℃湁瀵筺um鎿嶄綔锛岄噸鏂板畾涔変簡涓€涓猲um print(num) change(num) print(num) #涓嶄細褰卞搷鍑芥暟澶栵紝num鏈韩鐨勫€?print(鈥?---------------------鈥? # 杩斿洖鍊间緥澶?num2 = 1 def change(num2): print(num2) # 1 num2 = 3 return num2 num_result = change(num2) print(num_result) #杩斿洖鍊间緥澶?3 print(num2) #鍑芥暟鍐呮敼鍙橈紝涓嶅奖鍝嶅嚱鏁板鐨勪笉鍙彉瀵硅薄 1
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3 1 ---------------------- 1 3 1
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list_num = [1,2] def change(list_num): list_num.append(3) print(list_num) #[1, 2, 3] change(list_num) print(list_num) #[1, 2, 3]
杩愯缁撴灉锛?/p>
[1, 2, 3] [1, 2, 3]
浜岋細鍙橀噺浣滅敤鍩?/strong>
Python 涓紝绋嬪簭鐨勫彉閲忓苟涓嶆槸鍦ㄥ摢涓綅缃兘鍙互璁块棶鐨勶紝璁块棶鏉冮檺鍐冲畾浜庤繖涓彉閲忔槸鍦ㄥ摢閲岃祴鍊肩殑銆傚彉閲忕殑浣滅敤鍩熷喅瀹氫簡鍦ㄥ摢涓€閮ㄥ垎绋嬪簭鍙互璁块棶鍝釜鐗瑰畾鐨勫彉閲忓悕绉般€?/p>
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E 锛圗nclosing锛?闂寘鍑芥暟澶栫殑鍑芥暟涓?/strong>
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G 锛圙lobal锛?鍏ㄥ眬浣滅敤鍩?/strong>
鍏ㄥ眬鍙橀噺锛屽氨鏄ā鍧?python鏂囦欢)绾у埆瀹氫箟鐨勫彉閲忥紱
瀹氫箟鍦ㄥ嚱鏁板鐨勫彉閲?/p>
B 锛圔uilt-in锛?鍐呭缓浣滅敤鍩?/strong>
绯荤粺鍥哄畾妯″潡閲岄潰鐨勫彉閲忥紝姣斿int, bytearray绛夈€?/p>
鎬荤粨锛氫互 L –> E –> G –>B 鐨勮鍒欐煡鎵撅紝鍗筹細鍦ㄥ眬閮ㄦ壘涓嶅埌锛屼究浼氬幓灞€閮ㄥ鐨勫眬閮ㄦ壘锛堜緥濡傞棴鍖咃級锛屽啀鎵句笉鍒板氨浼氬幓鍏ㄥ眬鎵撅紝鍐嶈€呭幓鍐呭缓涓壘锛屽唴寤轰腑鎵句笉鍒扮▼搴忔姤閿?/p>
name = str(鈥樺紶涓夆€? #python鍐呯疆鐨勪綔鐢ㄥ煙 ->鍐呭缓浣滅敤鍩?y = 2 #鍏ㄥ眬 ->鍏ㄥ眬浣滅敤鍩?def outer(): a = 3 #闂寘 -> 闂寘 def inner(): b=2 #灞€閮?->灞€閮ㄤ綔鐢ㄥ煙 print(a) inner() #print(b) #鎶ラ敊 outer() #print(a) #鎶ラ敊
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3
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Python 涓彧鏈夋ā鍧楋紙module锛夛紝绫伙紙class锛変互鍙婂嚱鏁帮紙def銆乴ambda锛夋墠浼氬紩鍏ユ柊鐨勪綔鐢ㄥ煙锛堟湁浣滅敤鍩熺殑闄愬埗锛夛紱鍏跺畠鐨勪唬鐮佸潡锛堝 if/elif/else/銆乼ry/except銆乫or/while绛夛級鏄笉浼氬紩鍏ユ柊鐨勪綔鐢ㄥ煙鐨勶紝涔熷氨鏄杩欎簺璇彞鍐呭畾涔夌殑鍙橀噺锛屽閮ㄤ篃鍙互璁块棶銆?/p>
# 瀹炰緥涓?msg 鍙橀噺瀹氫箟鍦?if 璇彞鍧椾腑锛屼絾澶栭儴杩樻槸鍙互璁块棶鐨勩€?if True: msg = "ok" print(msg) # 瀹炰緥涓?msg 瀹氫箟鍦ㄥ嚱鏁颁腑锛屽垯瀹冨氨鏄眬閮ㄥ彉閲忥紝澶栭儴涓嶈兘璁块棶锛?def test(): msg_inner = 鈥榦k鈥?# print(msg_inner) #鎶ラ敊锛屾棤娉曡闂眬閮ㄥ彉閲?
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鈶犮€佸眬閮ㄥ彉閲忥細瀹氫箟鍦ㄥ嚱鏁板唴閮ㄧ殑鍙橀噺鎷ユ湁涓€涓眬閮ㄤ綔鐢ㄥ煙锛屽眬閮ㄥ彉閲忓彧鑳藉湪鍏惰澹版槑鐨勫嚱鏁板唴閮ㄨ闂€?/p>
鈶°€佸叏灞€鍙橀噺锛氬畾涔夊湪鍑芥暟澶栫殑鎷ユ湁鍏ㄥ眬浣滅敤鍩? 鍏ㄥ眬鍙橀噺鍙互鍦ㄦ暣涓▼搴忚寖鍥村唴璁块棶銆?/p>
鈶€佽皟鐢ㄥ嚱鏁版椂锛屾墍鏈夊湪鍑芥暟鍐呭0鏄庣殑鍙橀噺鍚嶇О閮藉皢琚姞鍏ュ埌浣滅敤鍩熶腑銆?/p>
total = 0 def sumcopyt(arg1,arg2): total= arg1+arg2 print("灞€閮ㄥ彉閲?,total) # 缁撴灉鏄細3鑰屼笉鏄?(浠?L –> E –> G –>B 鐨勫厛鍚庤鍒欐煡鎵? return total sumcopyt(1,2) print(鈥樺叏灞€鍙橀噺鈥?total)
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灞€閮ㄥ彉閲?3 鍏ㄥ眬鍙橀噺 0
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涓€涓笉鍦ㄥ眬閮ㄤ綔鐢ㄥ煙閲岀殑鍙橀噺榛樿鏄彧璇荤殑锛屽鏋滆瘯鍥句负鍏剁粦瀹氫竴涓柊鐨勫€硷紝python璁や负鏄湪褰撳墠鐨勫眬閮ㄤ綔鐢ㄥ煙閲屽垱寤轰竴涓柊鐨勫彉閲忥紝涔熷氨鏄鍦ㄥ綋鍓嶅眬閮ㄤ綔 鐢ㄥ煙涓紝濡傛灉鐩存帴浣跨敤澶栭儴浣滅敤鍩熺殑鍙橀噺锛岄偅涔堣繖涓彉閲忔槸鍙鐨勶紝涓嶈兘淇敼銆?/p>
global锛氶€氳繃閲岄潰鐨勬搷浣滐紝鏀瑰彉澶栭潰鐨勫€?/strong>
name=鈥?0鈥?def change_name(): name=鈥?00鈥? print(鈥樺眬閮ㄥ彉閲忕殑鍊硷細鈥?name) change_name() print(鈥樺叏灞€鍙橀噺鐨勫€硷細鈥?name) #鍏ㄥ眬鐨勫彉閲忥紝骞舵病鏈変慨鏀?print(鈥?-------------------------鈥? name2=鈥?0鈥?def change_name2(): #鎯宠灞€閮ㄧ殑total鍜屽叏灞€鐨則otal鍙樹负鍚屼竴涓猼otal锛堥€氳繃閲岄潰鐨勬搷浣滐紝鏀瑰彉澶栭潰鐨勫€硷級 global name2 name2=鈥?00鈥? print(鈥樺眬閮ㄥ彉閲忕殑鍊硷細鈥?name2) change_name2() print(鈥樺叏灞€鍙橀噺鐨勫€硷細鈥?name2) #鍏ㄥ眬鐨勫彉閲忥紝宸茬粡淇敼鍟?
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灞€閮ㄥ彉閲忕殑鍊硷細100 鍏ㄥ眬鍙橀噺鐨勫€硷細50 -------------------------- 灞€閮ㄥ彉閲忕殑鍊硷細100 鍏ㄥ眬鍙橀噺鐨勫€硷細100
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濡傛灉瑕佷慨鏀瑰祵濂椾綔鐢ㄥ煙鍗抽棴鍖呭嚱鏁帮紙enclosing 浣滅敤鍩燂紝澶栧眰闈炲叏灞€浣滅敤鍩燂級涓殑鍙橀噺鍒欓渶瑕?strong>nonlocal 鍏抽敭瀛?/p>
def method_01(): a = 1 def method_02(): nonlocal a a=2 print(a) method_02() print(a) method_01()
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涓夛細Python鍐呯疆鍑芥暟
涓轰簡鎻愰珮绋嬪簭鍛樼殑寮€鍙戞晥鐜囷紝Python 鎻愪緵浜嗗緢澶氬彲浠ョ洿鎺ユ嬁鏉ョ敤鐨勫嚱鏁般€?/p>
鍐呭鍙傝€冿細http://www.runoob.com/python3/python3-built-in-functions.html
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