部署基于python的web发布环境（第一篇）1:安装nginx2：安装mysql5.7
Posted Nicholas--Altshuler
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环境部署1安装nginx
见
nginx之旅（第一篇）：nginx下载安装、nginx启动与关闭、nginx配置文件详解、nginx默认网站
centos7安装mysql5.7
版本nginx 1.15.5，mysql-5.7.29
系统环境centos7.5
关闭selinux 和防火墙firewall
一、安装各种依赖环境
yum -y install ncurses-devel gcc-* bzip2-* yum install openssl-devel openssl
二、下载cmake
cmake命令 2.8以上 https://cmake.org/download/
下载cmake3.6.0,这个版本在GitHub找不到
需要在https://cmake.org里找
wget https://cmake.org/files/v3.6/cmake-3.6.0-rc1.tar.gz
如果遇到错误
wget: unable to resolve host address ‘github.com’
修改/etc/resolv.conf，改变DNS解析地址
vi /etc/resolv.conf # Generated by NetworkManager search lan nameserver 223.5.5.5
增加DNS
三、下载boost
Boost库是一个可移植、提供源代码的C++库，作为标准库的后备，是C++标准化进 程的开发引擎之一 https://www.boost.org/
下载boost,注意选择1.59版本
wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.bz2
四、下载mysql
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads
Select Operating System:
选择source code 进行源码安装
Select OS Version:
选择generic linux 通用的linux
选择download
wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.29.tar.gz
五、安装cmake
[root@web01 local]# tar xf cmake-3.6.0-rc1.tar.gz [root@web01 local]# cd cmake-3.6.0-rc1 [root@web01 cmake-3.6.0-rc1]# ls Auxiliary configure Modules bootstrap CONTRIBUTING.rst Packaging CMakeCPack.cmake Copyright.txt README.rst CMakeCPackOptions.cmake.in CTestConfig.cmake Source CMakeGraphVizOptions.cmake CTestCustom.cmake.in Templates CMakeLists.txt DartConfig.cmake Tests CMakeLogo.gif doxygen.config Utilities cmake_uninstall.cmake.in Help CompileFlags.cmake Licenses [root@web01 cmake-3.13.0]# ./configure 开始进行配置 ... CMake has bootstrapped. Now run gmake. [root@web01 cmake-3.6.0-rc1]# #完成安装cmake [root@web01 cmake-3.6.0-rc1]# make #进行编译 ... [100%] Linking CXX static library libfoo.a [100%] Built target foo [root@web01 cmake-3.6.0-rc1]# #完成编译 [root@web01 cmake-3.6.0-rc1]# make install #完成安装
六、安装boost
boost 直接解压用就可以了
[root@web01 usr]# tar -xf boost_1_59_0.tar.bz2 [root@web01 usr]# mv boost_1_59_0 /usr/local/boost
七、安装mysql、设置mysql
[root@web01 usr]# tar -xf mysql-5.7.29.tar.gz [root@web01 usr]# ls bin etc lib local sbin tmp boost_1_59_0.tar.bz2 games lib64 mysql-5.7.29 share cmake-3.14.2 include libexec mysql-5.7.29.tar.gz src [root@web01 usr]# cd mysql-5.7.29 [root@web01 mysql-5.7.29]# ls BUILD Doxyfile-perfschema LICENSE regex unittest client extra man scripts VERSION cmake include mysql-test source_downloads vio CMakeLists.txt INSTALL mysys sql win cmd-line-utils libbinlogevents mysys_ssl sql-common zlib config.h.cmake libbinlogstandalone packaging storage configure.cmake libmysql plugin strings dbug libmysqld rapid support-files Docs libservices README testclients [root@web01 mysql-5.7.29]# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \\ -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \\ -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \\ -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON \\ -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \\ -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \\ -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \\ -DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \\ -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \\ -DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \\ -DCOMPILATION_COMMENT=\'Mysqlma\' \\ -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost \\ -DSYSCONFDIR=/data/mysqldata/3306 \\ -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/data/mysqldata/3306/mysql.sock ... -- Performing Test run_pic_test - Success -- Performing Test run_inlines_hidden_test -- Performing Test run_inlines_hidden_test - Success -- Configuring done -- Generating done -- Build files have been written to: /usr/cmake-3.6.0-rc1 --------------------------------------------- CMake has bootstrapped. Now run gmake. [root@web01 mysql-5.7.29]# #完成配置 [root@web mysql-5.7.29]# make [root@web mysql-5.7.29]# make install
设置mysql
复制启动文件
[root@web mysql]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql [root@web mysql]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysql
设置所有者为mysql
#添加mysql用户 [root@web mysql]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -r mysql [root@web mysql]# chown mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/ -R #mysql的所有者是用户mysql [root@web mysql]# ll total 296 drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Feb 15 14:31 bin drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 55 Feb 15 14:30 docs drwxr-xr-x 3 mysql mysql 4096 Feb 15 14:30 include drwxr-xr-x 4 mysql mysql 192 Feb 15 14:31 lib -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 276202 Dec 18 20:59 LICENSE drwxr-xr-x 4 mysql mysql 30 Feb 15 14:30 man drwxr-xr-x 10 mysql mysql 4096 Feb 15 14:31 mysql-test -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 587 Dec 18 20:59 README -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 587 Dec 18 20:59 README-test drwxr-xr-x 28 mysql mysql 4096 Feb 15 14:31 share drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 90 Feb 15 14:31 support-files [root@web mysql]#
建立一些链接方便使用
[root@web mysql]# ln -sf /usr/local/mysql/lib/* /usr/lib/ [root@web mysql]# ln -sf /usr/local/mysql/libexec/* /usr/local/libexec [root@web mysql]# ln -sf /usr/local/mysql/share/man/man1/* /usr/share/man/man1 [root@web mysql]# ln -sf /usr/local/mysql/share/man/man8/* /usr/share/man/man8 ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/ /usr/bin
修改mysql配置文件
[root@web mysql]# vi /etc/my.cnf #增加basedir basedir=/usr/local/mysql datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data #修改安装位置 socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock #修改安装位置 #增加 [mysql] socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock #修改日志放置位置 [mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
初始化mysql
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/ ... 2020-02-15T10:35:12.387256Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed. 2020-02-15T10:35:12.520235Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Nolrmof#f79D
启动mysql
[root@web mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysql start Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! [root@web mysql]#
修改mysql的默认密码
[root@web mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin [root@web bin]# ls innochecksum mysql_config mysqlshow lz4_decompress mysql_config_editor mysqlslap myisamchk mysqld mysql_ssl_rsa_setup myisam_ftdump mysqld_multi mysqltest myisamlog mysqld_safe mysqltest_embedded myisampack mysqldump mysql_tzinfo_to_sql my_print_defaults mysqldumpslow mysql_upgrade mysql mysql_embedded mysqlxtest mysqladmin mysqlimport perror mysqlbinlog mysql_install_db replace mysqlcheck mysql_plugin resolveip mysql_client_test mysqlpump resolve_stack_dump mysql_client_test_embedded mysql_secure_installation zlib_decompress [root@web bin]# ./mysql_secure_installation Securing the MySQL server deployment. Enter password for user root: Securing the MySQL server deployment. Enter password for user root: The \'validate_password\' plugin is installed on the server. The subsequent steps will run with the existing configuration of the plugin. Using existing password for root. Estimated strength of the password: 25 Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : n #要不要修改成更强的密码，n ... skipping. By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a production environment. Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y #要不要移除匿名用户 Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from \'localhost\'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network. Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y Success. #要不要禁用远程登录 y By default, MySQL comes with a database named \'test\' that anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment. Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y - Dropping test database... Success. #是不是要删除test库，y - Removing privileges on test database... Success. Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately. Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y #设置是不是要生效
登录mysql
[root@web mysql]# mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \\g. Your MySQL connection id is 11 Server version: 5.7.29 Mysqlma Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type \'help;\' or \'\\h\' for help. Type \'\\c\' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
添加自启动服务
chkconfig --add mysql chkconfig mysql on
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