LeetCode | 0102. Binary Tree Level Order Traversal二叉树的层次遍历Python
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LeetCode 0102. Binary Tree Level Order Traversal二叉树的层次遍历【Medium】【Python】【BFS】
Problem
Given a binary tree, return the level order traversal of its nodes‘ values. (ie, from left to right, level by level).
For example:
Given binary tree [3,9,20,null,null,15,7]
,
3
/ 9 20
/ 15 7
return its level order traversal as:
[
[3],
[9,20],
[15,7]
]
问题
给定一个二叉树,返回其按层次遍历的节点值。 (即逐层地,从左到右访问所有节点)。
例如:
给定二叉树: [3,9,20,null,null,15,7]
,
3
/ 9 20
/ 15 7
返回其层次遍历结果:
[
[3],
[9,20],
[15,7]
]
思路
BFS
解法一:非递归
当队列不为空:
当前层打印循环:
队首元素出队,记为 node
将 node.val 添加到 temp 尾部
若左(右)子节点不为空,则将左(右)子节点加入队列
把当前 temp 中的所有元素加入 res
时间复杂度: O(n),n 为二叉树的节点数。
空间复杂度: O(n),n 为二叉树的节点数。
Python3代码
# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode:
# def __init__(self, x):
# self.val = x
# self.left = None
# self.right = None
class Solution:
def levelOrder(self, root: TreeNode) -> List[List[int]]:
# solution one: 非递归
import collections
if not root:
return []
res, q = [], collections.deque()
q.append(root)
while q:
# 输出是二维数组
temp = []
for x in range(len(q)):
node = q.popleft()
temp.append(node.val)
if node.left:
q.append(node.left)
if node.right:
q.append(node.right)
res.append(temp)
return res
解法二:递归
Python3代码
# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode:
# def __init__(self, x):
# self.val = x
# self.left = None
# self.right = None
class Solution:
def levelOrder(self, root: TreeNode) -> List[List[int]]:
# solution two: 递归
res = []
def helper(root, depth):
if not root:
return
if len(res) == depth:
res.append([])
res[depth].append(root.val)
helper(root.left, depth + 1)
helper(root.right, depth + 1)
helper(root , 0)
return res
GitHub链接
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