Python中用requests处理cookies的3种方法

Posted 2020-11-26 王昭君的昭

 

在接口测试中，大多数项目的接口是需要登录后进行操作的，经常用到requests库进行模拟登录及登录后的操作，下面是我不断踩坑后总结出来的关于登录凭证cookies的3种操作方法。

 

一. 用 requests.utils.dict_from_cookiejar() 把返回的cookies转换成字典

　　1. 处理cookies：

 1 import requests
 2 
 3 def login():
 4     login_url = ‘http://www.xxx.com/login
 5     headers = {
 6         "Accept": "application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01"
 7     }
 8     body = {
 9         "usercode": "liuzz05@****.com",
10         "password": "123456"
11     }
12     try:
13         res = requests.post(url=login_url, headers=headers, data=body)
14         cookies = res.cookies
15 
16         cookie = requests.utils.dict_from_cookiejar(cookies)
17 
18         return cookie
19     except Exception as err:
20         print(‘获取cookie失败：
{0}‘.format(err))

  　　2. 使用cookie：

1 import requests
2 
3 def get_data():
4     cookie = login()
5     res = requests.get(url=get_data_url, cookies=cookie)
6     print(res.text)

 

 

 二. 遍历cookies的键值，拼接成cookie格式

　　1. 处理cookies：

 1 import requests
 2 
 3 def login():
 4     login_url = ‘http://www.xxx.com/login
 5     headers = {
 6         "Accept": "application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01"
 7     }
 8     body = {
 9         "usercode": "liuzz05@****.com",
10         "password": "123456"
11     }
12     try:
13         res = requests.post(url=login_url, headers=headers, data=body)
14         cookies = res.cookies.items()
15 
16         cookie = ‘‘
17         for name, value in cookies:
18             cookie += ‘{0}={1};‘.format(name, value)
19 
20         return cookie
21     except Exception as err:
22         print(‘获取cookie失败：
{0}‘.format(err))

  　　2. 使用cookie：

1 import requests
2 
3 def get_data():
4     cookie = login()
5     headers = {
6         "cookie": cookie
7     }
8     res = requests.get(url=get_data_url, headers=headers)
9     print(res.text)

  

三. 直接拼接cookies，这种方法比较傻，前提是要知道cookies的键

　　1. 处理cookies：

 1 import requests
 2 
 3 def login():
 4     login_url = ‘http://www.xxx.com/login
 5     headers = {
 6         "Accept": "application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01"
 7     }
 8     body = {
 9         "usercode": "liuzz05@****.com",
10         "password": "123456"
11     }
12     try:
13         res = requests.post(url=login_url, headers=headers, data=body)
14         cookies = res.cookies
15 
16         phpsessid = cookies[‘phpsessid‘]
17         env_orgcode = cookies[‘env_orgcode‘]
18         acw_tc = cookies[‘acw_tc‘]
19         aliyungf_tc = cookies[‘aliyungf_tc‘]
20         last_env = cookies[‘last_env‘]
21 
22         cookie = ‘phpsessid={0};env_orgcode={1};acw_tc{2};aliyungf_tc={3};last_env={4}‘.format(
23             phpsessid, env_orgcode, acw_tc, aliyungf_tc, last_env
24         )
25 
26         return cookie
27     except Exception as err:
28         print(‘获取cookie失败：
{0}‘.format(err))

  　　2. 使用cookie：

1 import requests
2 
3 def get_data():
4     cookie = login()
5     headers = {
6         "cookie": cookie
7     }
8     res = requests.get(url=get_data_url, headers=headers)
9     print(res.text)