Docker镜像制作和管理
Posted Janzen_Q
tags:
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一、Docker镜像说明
二、基于容器通过 docker commit 手动制作镜像
1、基于容器手动制作镜像步骤
1、下载官方系统镜像
2、基于官方基础镜像启动容器，并进入容器
3、在容器中进行配置操作
3.1、安装基础工具
3.2、配置运行环境
3.3、安装并配置服务
3.4、存放业务程序代码
4、docker commit 提交生成新镜像
5、基于定制镜像生成容器并测试
2、基于centos7官方镜像，手动制作yum安装nginx定制镜像
2.1、下载centos7官方镜像，并启动进入容器
centos官方镜像：https://hub.docker.com/_/centos/tags
[root@Docker-Ubu1804-p11:~]# docker pull centos:7 7: Pulling from library/centos 2d473b07cdd5: Pull complete Digest: sha256:9d4bcbbb213dfd745b58be38b13b996ebb5ac315fe75711bd618426a630e0987 Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:7 docker.io/library/centos:7 [root@Docker-Ubu1804-p11:~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE alpine latest c059bfaa849c 17 months ago 5.59MB hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 19 months ago 13.3kB centos 7 eeb6ee3f44bd 19 months ago 204MB [root@Docker-Ubu1804-p11:~]# docker run -d --name centos-nginx centos:7 tail -f /etc/hosts 502a7a7faae8b7a3c3fa177baec1009d1bc9caabb8b782f887767b35e16ecb8a [root@Docker-Ubu1804-p11:~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 502a7a7faae8 centos:7 "tail -f /etc/hosts" 8 seconds ago Up 7 seconds centos-nginx [root@Docker-Ubu1804-p11:~]# docker exec -it centos-nginx bash [root@502a7a7faae8 /]#
2.2、在容器内安装基础工具，并配置环境
##配置容器内 yum 源 [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/* [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 100 2523 100 2523 0 0 28084 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 28348 [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/ CentOS-Base.repo [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# yum clean all Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl Cleaning repos: base extras updates [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# yum makecache fast Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl Determining fastest mirrors * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00 extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 (1/4): base/7/x86_64/group_gz | 153 kB 00:00:00 (2/4): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 249 kB 00:00:00 (3/4): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 20 MB 00:00:08 base/7/x86_64/primary_db FAILED http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/repodata/6d0c3a488c282fe537794b5946b01e28c7f44db79097bb06826e1c0c88bad5ef-primary.sqlite.bz2: [Errno 14] curl#7 - "Failed connect to mirrors.aliyuncs.com:80; Connection refused" Trying other mirror. (4/4): base/7/x86_64/primary_db | 6.1 MB 00:00:01 Metadata Cache Created ##yum安装常用基础工具 [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# yum install -y psmisc tree wget vim net-tools bash-completion Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package bash-completion.noarch 1:2.1-8.el7 will be installed ---> Package net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7 will be installed ---> Package psmisc.x86_64 0:22.20-17.el7 will be installed ---> Package tree.x86_64 0:1.6.0-10.el7 will be installed ---> Package vim-enhanced.x86_64 2:7.4.629-8.el7_9 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: vim-common = 2:7.4.629-8.el7_9 for package: 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: which for package: 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(:MODULE_COMPAT_5.16.3) for package: 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libperl.so()(64bit) for package: 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libgpm.so.2()(64bit) for package: 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64 ---> Package wget.x86_64 0:1.14-18.el7_6.1 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package gpm-libs.x86_64 0:1.20.7-6.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl.x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.el7_9 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl(Socket) >= 1.3 for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Scalar::Util) >= 1.10 for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl-macros for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(threads::shared) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(threads) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(constant) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Time::Local) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Time::HiRes) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Storable) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Socket) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Scalar::Util) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Simple::XHTML) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Simple::Search) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Getopt::Long) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Filter::Util::Call) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Temp) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Spec::Unix) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Spec::Functions) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Spec) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Path) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Exporter) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Cwd) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Carp) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 ---> Package perl-libs.x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.el7_9 will be installed ---> Package vim-common.x86_64 2:7.4.629-8.el7_9 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: vim-filesystem for package: 2:vim-common-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64 ---> Package which.x86_64 0:2.20-7.el7 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package perl-Carp.noarch 0:1.26-244.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Exporter.noarch 0:5.68-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-File-Path.noarch 0:2.09-2.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-File-Temp.noarch 0:0.23.01-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Filter.x86_64 0:1.49-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Getopt-Long.noarch 0:2.40-3.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Usage) >= 1.14 for package: perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-3.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: perl(Text::ParseWords) for package: perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-3.el7.noarch ---> Package perl-PathTools.x86_64 0:3.40-5.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Pod-Simple.noarch 1:3.28-4.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Escapes) >= 1.04 for package: 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: perl(Encode) for package: 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch ---> Package perl-Scalar-List-Utils.x86_64 0:1.27-248.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Socket.x86_64 0:2.010-5.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Storable.x86_64 0:2.45-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Time-HiRes.x86_64 4:1.9725-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Time-Local.noarch 0:1.2300-2.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-constant.noarch 0:1.27-2.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-macros.x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.el7_9 will be installed ---> Package perl-threads.x86_64 0:1.87-4.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-threads-shared.x86_64 0:1.43-6.el7 will be installed ---> Package vim-filesystem.x86_64 2:7.4.629-8.el7_9 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package perl-Encode.x86_64 0:2.51-7.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Pod-Escapes.noarch 1:1.04-299.el7_9 will be installed ---> Package perl-Pod-Usage.noarch 0:1.63-3.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Text) >= 3.15 for package: perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: perl-Pod-Perldoc for package: perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch ---> Package perl-Text-ParseWords.noarch 0:3.29-4.el7 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package perl-Pod-Perldoc.noarch 0:3.20-4.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl(parent) for package: perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: perl(HTTP::Tiny) for package: perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: groff-base for package: perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch ---> Package perl-podlators.noarch 0:2.5.1-3.el7 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package groff-base.x86_64 0:1.22.2-8.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-HTTP-Tiny.noarch 0:0.033-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-parent.noarch 1:0.225-244.el7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ================================================================================================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================================ Installing: bash-completion noarch 1:2.1-8.el7 base 87 k net-tools x86_64 2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7 base 306 k psmisc x86_64 22.20-17.el7 base 141 k tree x86_64 1.6.0-10.el7 base 46 k vim-enhanced x86_64 2:7.4.629-8.el7_9 updates 1.1 M wget x86_64 1.14-18.el7_6.1 base 547 k Installing for dependencies: gpm-libs x86_64 1.20.7-6.el7 base 32 k groff-base x86_64 1.22.2-8.el7 base 942 k perl x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.el7_9 updates 8.0 M perl-Carp noarch 1.26-244.el7 base 19 k perl-Encode x86_64 2.51-7.el7 base 1.5 M perl-Exporter noarch 5.68-3.el7 base 28 k perl-File-Path noarch 2.09-2.el7 base 26 k perl-File-Temp noarch 0.23.01-3.el7 base 56 k perl-Filter x86_64 1.49-3.el7 base 76 k perl-Getopt-Long noarch 2.40-3.el7 base 56 k perl-HTTP-Tiny noarch 0.033-3.el7 base 38 k perl-PathTools x86_64 3.40-5.el7 base 82 k perl-Pod-Escapes noarch 1:1.04-299.el7_9 updates 52 k perl-Pod-Perldoc noarch 3.20-4.el7 base 87 k perl-Pod-Simple noarch 1:3.28-4.el7 base 216 k perl-Pod-Usage noarch 1.63-3.el7 base 27 k perl-Scalar-List-Utils x86_64 1.27-248.el7 base 36 k perl-Socket x86_64 2.010-5.el7 base 49 k perl-Storable x86_64 2.45-3.el7 base 77 k perl-Text-ParseWords noarch 3.29-4.el7 base 14 k perl-Time-HiRes x86_64 4:1.9725-3.el7 base 45 k perl-Time-Local noarch 1.2300-2.el7 base 24 k perl-constant noarch 1.27-2.el7 base 19 k perl-libs x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.el7_9 updates 690 k perl-macros x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.el7_9 updates 44 k perl-parent noarch 1:0.225-244.el7 base 12 k perl-podlators noarch 2.5.1-3.el7 base 112 k perl-threads x86_64 1.87-4.el7 base 49 k perl-threads-shared x86_64 1.43-6.el7 base 39 k vim-common x86_64 2:7.4.629-8.el7_9 updates 5.9 M vim-filesystem x86_64 2:7.4.629-8.el7_9 updates 11 k which x86_64 2.20-7.el7 base 41 k Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================================================ Install 6 Packages (+32 Dependent packages) Total download size: 20 M Installed size: 67 M Downloading packages: groff-base-1.22.2-8.el7.x86_64 FAILED http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/groff-base-1.22.2-8.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 14] curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com; Unknown error" Trying other mirror. warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/base/packages/gpm-libs-1.20.7-6.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY-:-- ETA Public key for gpm-libs-1.20.7-6.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed (1/38): gpm-libs-1.20.7-6.el7.x86_64.rpm | 32 kB 00:00:00 (2/38): bash-completion-2.1-8.el7.noarch.rpm | 87 kB 00:00:00 (3/38): net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64.rpm | 306 kB 00:00:00 (4/38): perl-Carp-1.26-244.el7.noarch.rpm | 19 kB 00:00:00 (5/38): perl-Exporter-5.68-3.el7.noarch.rpm | 28 kB 00:00:00 (6/38): perl-File-Path-2.09-2.el7.noarch.rpm | 26 kB 00:00:00 (7/38): perl-File-Temp-0.23.01-3.el7.noarch.rpm | 56 kB 00:00:00 (8/38): perl-Encode-2.51-7.el7.x86_64.rpm | 1.5 MB 00:00:00 (9/38): perl-Filter-1.49-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 76 kB 00:00:00 (10/38): perl-HTTP-Tiny-0.033-3.el7.noarch.rpm | 38 kB 00:00:00 (11/38): perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-3.el7.noarch.rpm | 56 kB 00:00:00 (12/38): perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch.rpm | 87 kB 00:00:00 (13/38): perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch.rpm | 216 kB 00:00:00 (14/38): perl-PathTools-3.40-5.el7.x86_64.rpm | 82 kB 00:00:00 (15/38): perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch.rpm | 27 kB 00:00:00 (16/38): perl-Scalar-List-Utils-1.27-248.el7.x86_64.rpm | 36 kB 00:00:00 Public key for perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64.rpm is not installed (17/38): perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64.rpm | 8.0 MB 00:00:01 (18/38): perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-299.el7_9.noarch.rpm | 52 kB 00:00:00 (19/38): perl-Socket-2.010-5.el7.x86_64.rpm | 49 kB 00:00:00 (20/38): perl-Storable-2.45-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 77 kB 00:00:00 (21/38): perl-Time-HiRes-1.9725-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 45 kB 00:00:00 (22/38): perl-Text-ParseWords-3.29-4.el7.noarch.rpm | 14 kB 00:00:00 (23/38): perl-Time-Local-1.2300-2.el7.noarch.rpm | 24 kB 00:00:00 (24/38): perl-constant-1.27-2.el7.noarch.rpm | 19 kB 00:00:00 (25/38): perl-podlators-2.5.1-3.el7.noarch.rpm | 112 kB 00:00:00 (26/38): perl-parent-0.225-244.el7.noarch.rpm | 12 kB 00:00:00 (27/38): perl-threads-shared-1.43-6.el7.x86_64.rpm | 39 kB 00:00:00 (28/38): perl-macros-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64.rpm | 44 kB 00:00:00 (29/38): psmisc-22.20-17.el7.x86_64.rpm | 141 kB 00:00:00 (30/38): perl-libs-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64.rpm | 690 kB 00:00:00 (31/38): perl-threads-1.87-4.el7.x86_64.rpm | 49 kB 00:00:00 (32/38): tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64.rpm | 46 kB 00:00:00 (33/38): vim-enhanced-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64.rpm | 1.1 MB 00:00:00 (34/38): vim-filesystem-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64.rpm | 11 kB 00:00:00 (35/38): which-2.20-7.el7.x86_64.rpm | 41 kB 00:00:00 (36/38): wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64.rpm | 547 kB 00:00:00 (37/38): vim-common-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64.rpm | 5.9 MB 00:00:00 (38/38): groff-base-1.22.2-8.el7.x86_64.rpm | 942 kB 00:00:00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total 7.0 MB/s | 20 MB 00:00:02 Retrieving key from http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 Importing GPG key 0xF4A80EB5: Userid : "CentOS-7 Key (CentOS 7 Official Signing Key) <security@centos.org>" Fingerprint: 6341 ab27 53d7 8a78 a7c2 7bb1 24c6 a8a7 f4a8 0eb5 From : http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : gpm-libs-1.20.7-6.el7.x86_64 1/38 Installing : 2:vim-filesystem-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64 2/38 Installing : 2:vim-common-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64 3/38 Installing : which-2.20-7.el7.x86_64 4/38 install-info: No such file or directory for /usr/share/info/which.info.gz Installing : groff-base-1.22.2-8.el7.x86_64 5/38 Installing : 1:perl-parent-0.225-244.el7.noarch 6/38 Installing : perl-HTTP-Tiny-0.033-3.el7.noarch 7/38 Installing : perl-podlators-2.5.1-3.el7.noarch 8/38 Installing : perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch 9/38 Installing : 1:perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-299.el7_9.noarch 10/38 Installing : perl-Encode-2.51-7.el7.x86_64 11/38 Installing : perl-Text-ParseWords-3.29-4.el7.noarch 12/38 Installing : perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch 13/38 Installing : 4:perl-macros-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 14/38 Installing : perl-Storable-2.45-3.el7.x86_64 15/38 Installing : perl-Exporter-5.68-3.el7.noarch 16/38 Installing : perl-constant-1.27-2.el7.noarch 17/38 Installing : perl-Socket-2.010-5.el7.x86_64 18/38 Installing : perl-Time-Local-1.2300-2.el7.noarch 19/38 Installing : perl-Carp-1.26-244.el7.noarch 20/38 Installing : perl-PathTools-3.40-5.el7.x86_64 21/38 Installing : perl-Scalar-List-Utils-1.27-248.el7.x86_64 22/38 Installing : 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch 23/38 Installing : perl-File-Temp-0.23.01-3.el7.noarch 24/38 Installing : perl-File-Path-2.09-2.el7.noarch 25/38 Installing : perl-threads-shared-1.43-6.el7.x86_64 26/38 Installing : perl-threads-1.87-4.el7.x86_64 27/38 Installing : 4:perl-Time-HiRes-1.9725-3.el7.x86_64 28/38 Installing : perl-Filter-1.49-3.el7.x86_64 29/38 Installing : 4:perl-libs-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 30/38 Installing : perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-3.el7.noarch 31/38 Installing : 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 32/38 Installing : 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64 33/38 Installing : psmisc-22.20-17.el7.x86_64 34/38 Installing : wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64 35/38 install-info: No such file or directory for /usr/share/info/wget.info.gz Installing : 1:bash-completion-2.1-8.el7.noarch 36/38 Installing : tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64 37/38 Installing : net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64 38/38 Verifying : perl-HTTP-Tiny-0.033-3.el7.noarch 1/38 Verifying : perl-threads-shared-1.43-6.el7.x86_64 2/38 Verifying : perl-Storable-2.45-3.el7.x86_64 3/38 Verifying : groff-base-1.22.2-8.el7.x86_64 4/38 Verifying : perl-Exporter-5.68-3.el7.noarch 5/38 Verifying : perl-constant-1.27-2.el7.noarch 6/38 Verifying : 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64 7/38 Verifying : 4:perl-macros-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 8/38 Verifying : perl-PathTools-3.40-5.el7.x86_64 9/38 Verifying : 1:perl-parent-0.225-244.el7.noarch 10/38 Verifying : perl-Socket-2.010-5.el7.x86_64 11/38 Verifying : which-2.20-7.el7.x86_64 12/38 Verifying : 2:vim-filesystem-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64 13/38 Verifying : perl-File-Temp-0.23.01-3.el7.noarch 14/38 Verifying : net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64 15/38 Verifying : 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch 16/38 Verifying : tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64 17/38 Verifying : perl-Time-Local-1.2300-2.el7.noarch 18/38 Verifying : 1:perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-299.el7_9.noarch 19/38 Verifying : perl-Carp-1.26-244.el7.noarch 20/38 Verifying : 1:bash-completion-2.1-8.el7.noarch 21/38 Verifying : 2:vim-common-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64 22/38 Verifying : perl-Scalar-List-Utils-1.27-248.el7.x86_64 23/38 Verifying : perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch 24/38 Verifying : perl-Encode-2.51-7.el7.x86_64 25/38 Verifying : perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch 26/38 Verifying : perl-podlators-2.5.1-3.el7.noarch 27/38 Verifying : 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 28/38 Verifying : perl-File-Path-2.09-2.el7.noarch 29/38 Verifying : perl-threads-1.87-4.el7.x86_64 30/38 Verifying : 4:perl-Time-HiRes-1.9725-3.el7.x86_64 31/38 Verifying : gpm-libs-1.20.7-6.el7.x86_64 32/38 Verifying : perl-Filter-1.49-3.el7.x86_64 33/38 Verifying : perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-3.el7.noarch 34/38 Verifying : perl-Text-ParseWords-3.29-4.el7.noarch 35/38 Verifying : wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64 36/38 Verifying : 4:perl-libs-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 37/38 Verifying : psmisc-22.20-17.el7.x86_64 38/38 Installed: bash-completion.noarch 1:2.1-8.el7 net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7 psmisc.x86_64 0:22.20-17.el7 tree.x86_64 0:1.6.0-10.el7 vim-enhanced.x86_64 2:7.4.629-8.el7_9 wget.x86_64 0:1.14-18.el7_6.1 Dependency Installed: gpm-libs.x86_64 0:1.20.7-6.el7 groff-base.x86_64 0:1.22.2-8.el7 perl.x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.el7_9 perl-Carp.noarch 0:1.26-244.el7 perl-Encode.x86_64 0:2.51-7.el7 perl-Exporter.noarch 0:5.68-3.el7 perl-File-Path.noarch 0:2.09-2.el7 perl-File-Temp.noarch 0:0.23.01-3.el7 perl-Filter.x86_64 0:1.49-3.el7 perl-Getopt-Long.noarch 0:2.40-3.el7 perl-HTTP-Tiny.noarch 0:0.033-3.el7 perl-PathTools.x86_64 0:3.40-5.el7 perl-Pod-Escapes.noarch 1:1.04-299.el7_9 perl-Pod-Perldoc.noarch 0:3.20-4.el7 perl-Pod-Simple.noarch 1:3.28-4.el7 perl-Pod-Usage.noarch 0:1.63-3.el7 perl-Scalar-List-Utils.x86_64 0:1.27-248.el7 perl-Socket.x86_64 0:2.010-5.el7 perl-Storable.x86_64 0:2.45-3.el7 perl-Text-ParseWords.noarch 0:3.29-4.el7 perl-Time-HiRes.x86_64 4:1.9725-3.el7 perl-Time-Local.noarch 0:1.2300-2.el7 perl-constant.noarch 0:1.27-2.el7 perl-libs.x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.el7_9 perl-macros.x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.el7_9 perl-parent.noarch 1:0.225-244.el7 perl-podlators.noarch 0:2.5.1-3.el7 perl-threads.x86_64 0:1.87-4.el7 perl-threads-shared.x86_64 0:1.43-6.el7 vim-common.x86_64 2:7.4.629-8.el7_9 vim-filesystem.x86_64 2:7.4.629-8.el7_9 which.x86_64 0:2.20-7.el7 Complete!
2.3、在容器内安装配置nginx，生成业务数据，设置服务前台运行
## 安装epel源 [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo --2023-04-24 14:23:54-- https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo Resolving mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)... 120.226.58.184, 120.226.58.182, 120.226.58.185, ... Connecting to mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)|120.226.58.184|:443... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 664 [application/octet-stream] Saving to: \'/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo\' 100%[======================================================================================================>] 664 --.-K/s in 0s 2023-04-24 14:23:54 (124 MB/s) - \'/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo\' saved [664/664] [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# yum makecache fast Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00 epel | 4.7 kB 00:00:00 extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 (1/3): epel/x86_64/group_gz | 99 kB 00:00:00 (2/3): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 1.0 MB 00:00:00 (3/3): epel/x86_64/primary_dbdocker镜像管理和容器管理以及制作本地仓库
1. 镜像管理 1.1 获取镜像 docker search centos docker pull centos:6.9 docker pull centos:7.5.1804 docker pull nginx 1.2 查询镜像 docker images docker images -q docker inspect ID/name:tag 1.3 删除镜像 docker rmi ID docker rmi `docker images -q` docker rmi $(docker images -q) 1.4 导入导出镜像 [root@docker ~]# docker image save nginx >/opt/nginx.tar.gz [root@docker ~]# docker image load -i /opt/nginx.tar.gz 1.5 启动容器并获取镜像 [root@docker ~]# docker run -d -p 80:80 httpd [root@docker ~]# docker ps -a [root@docker ~]# docker images 1.6 docker一步一步学习制作镜像 语法: 第一个镜像创建: docker ps -a docker commit xxxxxx oldguo/wordpress:v1 docker images 制作镜像: centos7.5+vim+net-tools+iproute+sshd 1.启动新容器 docker run -it --name "centos7.5" 76d6bc25b8a5 2.优化yum源 mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /tmp echo -e "[ftp] name=ftp baseurl=ftp://10.0.0.100/pub/centos7 gpgcheck=0">/etc/yum.repos.d/ftp.repo 3. 安装必须软件包 yum install -y vim net-tools iproute openssh-* -y 4.启动SSHD mkdir /var/run/sshd echo ‘UseDNS no‘ >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config sed -i -e ‘/pam_loginuid.so/d‘ /etc/pam.d/sshd echo ‘root:123456‘ | chpasswd /usr/bin/ssh-keygen -A /usr/sbin/sshd -D 注意: 以上操作做完之后,会一直不退出,需要用以下命令退回到宿主机,并不关闭容器 ctrl p q 5.制作镜像 docker commit centos7.5 oldguo/centos7_sshd:v2 ## Centos7.5 [root@docker sshd]# vim dockerfile FROM centos:7.5.1804 RUN mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /tmp RUN echo -e "[ftp] name=ftp baseurl=ftp://10.0.0.100/pub/centos7 gpgcheck=0">/etc/yum.repos.d/ftp.repo RUN yum install -y openssh-server RUN yum install -y openssh-clients RUN yum install net-tools* -y RUN yum install iproute-* -y RUN mkdir /var/run/sshd RUN echo ‘UseDNS no‘ >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config RUN sed -i -e ‘/pam_loginuid.so/d‘ /etc/pam.d/sshd RUN echo ‘root:123456‘ | chpasswd RUN /usr/bin/ssh-keygen -A EXPOSE 22 CMD ["/usr/sbin/sshd", "-D"] docker build -t "oldguo/centos7_sshd:v3" /opt/dockerfile =========================================== 2. 容器基本管理 2.0 容器的类型 工具类:vim docker run -it --name="test_vim" 3fe2fe0dab2e /bin/bash 服务类:nginx docker run -d -p 8080:80 --name="discuz" nginx:1.14 2.1 容器的多类启动方式 (1)交互式启动 [root@docker ~]# docker run -it --name "testcentos" centos:6.9 /bin/bash 主要是针对于工具类的容器,一旦exit容器,容器就自动关闭 (2)守护式启动 1.交互式启动容器+Ctrl+p+q [root@docker ~]# docker run -it --name "testnginx" nginx /bin/bash 加ctrl+p+q [root@docker ~]# docker attach testnginx 2.死循环 docker run --name testnginx1 -d nginx /bin/sh -c "while true ;do echo hello world; sleep 1;done" 3.服务前台运行 sshd -D nginx -g "" hang 夯住 2.2 容器的常用管理命令 docker ps -a -q -l docker rm 容器ID|容器名称 批量删除已关闭 docker rm -v $(docker ps -aq -f status=exited) 批量强制删除所有 docker rm -f `docker ps -a –q` docker top nginx docker inspect nginx docker attach 容器ID|容器名称（工具类）配合ctrl+p+q docker exec -i -t 容器ID|容器名称 /bin/bash(服务类）,一般是做服务类容器调试用 [root@docker ~]# docker exec -it centos6.9 /bin/bash docker stop docker kill docker start -i docker restart 容器ID|容器名称 3. 数据卷的使用(持久化) 4.制作私有仓库 4.1 配置私有仓库 docker run -d -p 5000:5000 --restart=always --name registry -v /opt/Registry:/var/lib/registry registry vim /etc/docker/daemon.json { "registry-mirrors": ["https://68rmyzg7.mirror.aliyuncs.com"], "insecure-registries": ["10.0.0.100:5000"] } systemctl restart docker 4.2 使用本地镜像: 4.2.1 制作本地镜像并push到 [root@docker ~]# docker tag nginx 10.0.0.100:5000/oldguo/nginx:v1 [root@docker ~]# docker images [root@docker ~]# docker push 10.0.0.100:5000/oldguo/nginx:v1 4.2.2 异地进行pull镜像 [root@docker ~]# docker pull 10.0.0.100:5000/oldguo/nginx:v1 故障转移:(高可用) 1.主备系统
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