Python3绘图库Matplotlib（02）

Posted 2020-11-21 既生喻何生亮(Bright)

控制颜色

Color	Color Name
b	blue
c	cyan
g	green
k	black
m	magenta
r	red
w	white
y	yellow

plt.plot(x1, y1, fmt1, x2, y2, fmt2, ...)

控制线的风格

Style	Style
-	solid line
--	dashed line
-.	dash-dot line
:	dotted line

控制标记样式

.	Point marker
,	Pixel marker
o	Circle marker
v	Triangle down
^	Triangle up marker
<	Triangle left marker
>	Triangle right marker
1	Tripod down marker
2	Tripod up marker
3	Tripod left marker
4	Tripod right marker
s	Square marker
p	Pentagon marker
*	Star marker
h	Hexagon marker
H	Rotated hexagon marker
+	Plus marker
x	Cross marker
D	Diamond marker
d	Thin diamond marker
|	Vertical line
_	Horizontal line

用关键字参数进行更好的控制

处理X和Y的ticks标签值

画图的类型

直方图图表 = Histogram charts

 

Error bar charts

Bar Charts

本小结代码示例

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
y = np.arange(1, 3)
plt.plot(y, \'y\')
plt.plot(y+1, \'m\')
plt.plot(y+2, \'c\')
plt.show()

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
y = np.arange(1, 3)
plt.plot(y, \'--\', y+1, \'-.\', y+2, \':\')
plt.show()

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
y = np.arange(1, 3, 0.2)
plt.plot(y, \'x\', y+0.5, \'o\', y+1, \'D\', y+1.5, \'^\', y+2, \'s\')
plt.show()

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
y = np.arange(1, 3, 0.3)
plt.plot(y, \'cx--\', y+1, \'mo:\', y+2, \'kp-.\')
plt.show()

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
y = np.arange(1, 3, 0.3)
plt.plot(y, color=\'blue\', linestyle=\'dashdot\', linewidth=4, 
         marker=\'o\', markerfacecolor=\'red\', markeredgecolor=\'black\',
        markeredgewidth=3, markersize=12)
plt.show()

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x = [5, 3, 7, 2, 4, 1]
plt.plot(x)
plt.xticks(range(len(x)), [\'a\', \'b\', \'c\', \'d\', \'e\', \'f\'])
plt.yticks(range(1, 8, 2))
plt.show()

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
y = np.random.randn(1000)
plt.hist(y)
plt.show()
plt.hist(y, 25)
plt.show()

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x = np.arange(0, 4, 0.2)
y = np.exp(-x)
e1 = 0.1 * np.abs(np.random.randn(len(y)))
plt.errorbar(x, y, yerr=e1, fmt=\'.-\')
plt.show()
e2 = 0.1 * np.abs(np.random.randn(len(y)))
plt.errorbar(x, y, yerr=e1, xerr=e2, fmt=\'.-\', capsize=0)
plt.show()
plt.errorbar(x, y, yerr=[e1, e2], fmt=\'.-\')
plt.show()

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.bar([1, 2, 3], [3, 2, 5])
plt.show()

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
data1 = 10*np.random.rand(5)
data2 = 10*np.random.rand(5)
data3 = 10*np.random.rand(5)
e2 = 0.5*np.abs(np.random.randn(len(data2)))
locs = np.arange(1, len(data1)+1)
width = 0.27
plt.bar(locs+width, data2, yerr=e2, width=width, color=\'red\')
plt.bar(locs+2*width, data3, width=width, color=\'green\')
plt.show()

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