macos 自动安装 Homebrew（国内地址）

Posted singyoutosleep

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https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/111014448

macOS monterey 12.6.1安装homebrew + nginx + php + mysql

效果图

主要步骤

  1. 安装homebrew
  2. 使用brew安装nginx+php+mysql
  3. 整合nginx、php
  4. 告诉PHP，mysql在哪

详细步骤

  1. 参考“Homebrew国内如何自动安装（国内地址）（Mac & Linux）”安装brew，
    （因为有些国内IP无法访问安装homebrew，所以以下是国内的资源，贼快）
    命令： 
    /bin/zsh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://gitee.com/cunkai/HomebrewCN/raw/master/Homebrew.sh)"
  2. 先使用brew安装mysql
    主要命令： 
    brew install mysql

    注意，这时安装好了mysql，但是缺少权限，mysql无法进行“mysql_secure_installation”操作，错误提示：
    Error: Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)
    错误解释：/tmp/mysql.sock 导致mysql无法连接
    最大的可能性：'/tmp/mysql.sock' 创建失败、或者目录无权限读写
    参考解决办法： https://www.jianshu.com/p/f9c044747133
    我个人习惯把socket文件都塞到/var/systemKits/socket/，在mysql配置文件中指向这里，
    具体操作：

    sudo mkdir -p /var/systemKits/socket/
sudo chmod -R 0777 /var/systemKits/socket/

    再找出mysql配置文件并修改：

    sudo vi /usr/local/etc/my.cnf

    并添加以下代码，保存：

    [mysqld]
socket=/var/systemKits/socket/mysql.sock
[client]
socket=/var/systemKits/socket/mysql.sock
[mysql]
socket=/var/systemKits/socket/mysql.sock

    my.cnf最终效果：

    # Default Homebrew MySQL server config
[mysqld]
# Only allow connections from localhost
bind-address = 127.0.0.1
mysqlx-bind-address = 127.0.0.1
socket=/var/systemKits/socket/mysql.sock
[client]
socket=/var/systemKits/socket/mysql.sock
[mysql]
socket=/var/systemKits/socket/mysql.sock


    再重启mysql服务：

    brew services restart mysql


    如图：

  3. 开始设置Mysql的root密码，命令行输入 
    mysql_secure_installation
    回车，开始设置root密码。
    会先问你要不要什么额外的密码组件，我这里直接no回车，再设置密码








     
  4. 安装php、nginx 
    brew install php
brew install nginx
  5. 服务开启start、关闭stop、重启restart： 
    brew services restart nginx
brew services restart php
brew services restart mysql
  6. 查看php、nginx版本：
    nginx -v
    php -v

     
  7. 先备份好nginx和php的配置文件，“后悔药”准备好。
    1）备份php配置文件夹 /usr/local/etc/php/
    2）备份nginx配置文件夹 /usr/local/etc/nginx/
     
  8. 快速了解PHP-FPM
    PHP-FPM详解 - walkingSun - 博客园[TOC] # 作用PHP-FPM(PHP FastCGI Process Manager)意：PHP FastCGI 进程管理器，用于管理PHP 进程池的软件，用于接受web服务器的请求。PHPhttps://www.cnblogs.com/followyou/p/9460058.html
    （超级好文！内容已经被我无耻的复制到本文底部，以防丢失，若侵权请告知，谢大神！）
     
  9. 为php设置效率最高的非分布式的PHP-FPM进程池监听方式，
    先根据自己的爱好方式，提前为php-fpm要用的socket文件准备好可读写的目录，
    例如: 
    sudo mkdir -p /var/systemKits/socket/
sudo chmod -R 0777 /var/systemKits/socket/
    编辑 /usr/local/etc/php/8.1/php-fpm.d/www.conf ，修改listen监听方式，
    从 
    listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
    修改为
      
    listen = /var/systemKits/socket/php-fpm.socket
    路径可以随意...

    完整代码： 
    ; Start a new pool named 'www'.
; the variable $pool can be used in any directive and will be replaced by the
; pool name ('www' here)
[www]

; Per pool prefix
; It only applies on the following directives:
; - 'access.log'
; - 'slowlog'
; - 'listen' (unixsocket)
; - 'chroot'
; - 'chdir'
; - 'php_values'
; - 'php_admin_values'
; When not set, the global prefix (or /usr/local/Cellar/php/8.1.12) applies instead.
; Note: This directive can also be relative to the global prefix.
; Default Value: none
;prefix = /path/to/pools/$pool

; Unix user/group of processes
; Note: The user is mandatory. If the group is not set, the default user's group
;       will be used.
user = _www
group = _www

; The address on which to accept FastCGI requests.
; Valid syntaxes are:
;   'ip.add.re.ss:port'    - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific IPv4 address on
;                            a specific port;
;   '[ip:6:addr:ess]:port' - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific IPv6 address on
;                            a specific port;
;   'port'                 - to listen on a TCP socket to all addresses
;                            (IPv6 and IPv4-mapped) on a specific port;
;   '/path/to/unix/socket' - to listen on a unix socket.
; Note: This value is mandatory.
;listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
listen = /var/systemKits/socket/php-fpm.socket

; Set listen(2) backlog.
; Default Value: 511 (-1 on FreeBSD and OpenBSD)
;listen.backlog = 511

; Set permissions for unix socket, if one is used. In Linux, read/write
; permissions must be set in order to allow connections from a web server. Many
; BSD-derived systems allow connections regardless of permissions. The owner
; and group can be specified either by name or by their numeric IDs.
; Default Values: user and group are set as the running user
;                 mode is set to 0660
;listen.owner = _www
;listen.group = _www
;listen.mode = 0660
; When POSIX Access Control Lists are supported you can set them using
; these options, value is a comma separated list of user/group names.
; When set, listen.owner and listen.group are ignored
;listen.acl_users =
;listen.acl_groups =

; List of addresses (IPv4/IPv6) of FastCGI clients which are allowed to connect.
; Equivalent to the FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment variable in the original
; PHP FCGI (5.2.2+). Makes sense only with a tcp listening socket. Each address
; must be separated by a comma. If this value is left blank, connections will be
; accepted from any ip address.
; Default Value: any
;listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1

; Specify the nice(2) priority to apply to the pool processes (only if set)
; The value can vary from -19 (highest priority) to 20 (lower priority)
; Note: - It will only work if the FPM master process is launched as root
;       - The pool processes will inherit the master process priority
;         unless it specified otherwise
; Default Value: no set
; process.priority = -19

; Set the process dumpable flag (PR_SET_DUMPABLE prctl) even if the process user
; or group is different than the master process user. It allows to create process
; core dump and ptrace the process for the pool user.
; Default Value: no
; process.dumpable = yes

; Choose how the process manager will control the number of child processes.
; Possible Values:
;   static  - a fixed number (pm.max_children) of child processes;
;   dynamic - the number of child processes are set dynamically based on the
;             following directives. With this process management, there will be
;             always at least 1 children.
;             pm.max_children      - the maximum number of children that can
;                                    be alive at the same time.
;             pm.start_servers     - the number of children created on startup.
;             pm.min_spare_servers - the minimum number of children in 'idle'
;                                    state (waiting to process). If the number
;                                    of 'idle' processes is less than this
;                                    number then some children will be created.
;             pm.max_spare_servers - the maximum number of children in 'idle'
;                                    state (waiting to process). If the number
;                                    of 'idle' processes is greater than this
;                                    number then some children will be killed.
;             pm.max_spawn_rate    - the maximum number of rate to spawn child
;                                    processes at once.
;  ondemand - no children are created at startup. Children will be forked when
;             new requests will connect. The following parameter are used:
;             pm.max_children           - the maximum number of children that
;                                         can be alive at the same time.
;             pm.process_idle_timeout   - The number of seconds after which
;                                         an idle process will be killed.
; Note: This value is mandatory.
pm = dynamic

; The number of child processes to be created when pm is set to 'static' and the
; maximum number of child processes when pm is set to 'dynamic' or 'ondemand'.
; This value sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be
; served. Equivalent to the ApacheMaxClients directive with mpm_prefork.
; Equivalent to the PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment variable in the original PHP
; CGI. The below defaults are based on a server without much resources. Don't
; forget to tweak pm.* to fit your needs.
; Note: Used when pm is set to 'static', 'dynamic' or 'ondemand'
; Note: This value is mandatory.
pm.max_children = 5

; The number of child processes created on startup.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Default Value: (min_spare_servers + max_spare_servers) / 2
pm.start_servers = 2

; The desired minimum number of idle server processes.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'
pm.min_spare_servers = 1

; The desired maximum number of idle server processes.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'
pm.max_spare_servers = 3

; The number of rate to spawn child processes at once.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Default Value: 32
;pm.max_spawn_rate = 32

; The number of seconds after which an idle process will be killed.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'ondemand'
; Default Value: 10s
;pm.process_idle_timeout = 10s;

; The number of requests each child process should execute before respawning.
; This can be useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries. For
; endless request processing specify '0'. Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS.
; Default Value: 0
;pm.max_requests = 500

; The URI to view the FPM status page. If this value is not set, no URI will be
; recognized as a status page. It shows the following information:
;   pool                 - the name of the pool;
;   process manager      - static, dynamic or ondemand;
;   start time           - the date and time FPM has started;
;   start since          - number of seconds since FPM has started;
;   accepted conn        - the number of request accepted by the pool;
;   listen queue         - the number of request in the queue of pending
;                          connections (see backlog in listen(2));
;   max listen queue     - the maximum number of requests in the queue
;                          of pending connections since FPM has started;
;   listen queue len     - the size of the socket queue of pending connections;
;   idle processes       - the number of idle processes;
;   active processes     - the number of active processes;
;   total processes      - the number of idle + active processes;
;   max active processes - the maximum number of active processes since FPM
;                          has started;
;   max children reached - number of times, the process limit has been reached,
;                          when pm tries to start more children (works only for
;                          pm 'dynamic' and 'ondemand');
; Value are updated in real time.
; Example output:
;   pool:                 www
;   process manager:      static
;   start time:           01/Jul/2011:17:53:49 +0200
;   start since:          62636
;   accepted conn:        190460
;   listen queue:         0
;   max listen queue:     1
;   listen queue len:     42
;   idle processes:       4
;   active processes:     11
;   total processes:      15
;   max active processes: 12
;   max children reached: 0
;
; By default the status page output is formatted as text/plain. Passing either
; 'html', 'xml' or 'json' in the query string will return the corresponding
; output syntax. Example:
;   http://www.foo.bar/status
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?json
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?html
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?xml
;
; By default the status page only outputs short status. Passing 'full' in the
; query string will also return status for each pool process.
; Example:
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?full
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?json&full
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?html&full
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?xml&full
; The Full status returns for each process:
;   pid                  - the PID of the process;
;   state                - the state of the process (Idle, Running, ...);
;   start time           - the date and time the process has started;
;   start since          - the number of seconds since the process has started;
;   requests             - the number of requests the process has served;
;   request duration     - the duration in µs of the requests;
;   request method       - the request method (GET, POST, ...);
;   request URI          - the request URI with the query string;
;   content length       - the content length of the request (only with POST);
;   user                 - the user (PHP_AUTH_USER) (or '-' if not set);
;   script               - the main script called (or '-' if not set);
;   last request cpu     - the %cpu the last request consumed
;                          it's always 0 if the process is not in Idle state
;                          because CPU calculation is done when the request
;                          processing has terminated;
;   last request memory  - the max amount of memory the last request consumed
;                          it's always 0 if the process is not in Idle state
;                          because memory calculation is done when the request
;                          processing has terminated;
; If the process is in Idle state, then informations are related to the
; last request the process has served. Otherwise informations are related to
; the current request being served.
; Example output:
;   ************************
;   pid:                  31330
;   state:                Running
;   start time:           01/Jul/2011:17:53:49 +0200
;   start since:          63087
;   requests:             12808
;   request duration:     1250261
;   request method:       GET
;   request URI:          /test_mem.php?N=10000
;   content length:       0
;   user:                 -
;   script:               /home/fat/web/docs/php/test_mem.php
;   last request cpu:     0.00
;   last request memory:  0
;
; Note: There is a real-time FPM status monitoring sample web page available
;       It's available in: /usr/local/Cellar/php/8.1.12/share/php/fpm/status.html
;
; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be
;       anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it
;       may conflict with a real PHP file.
; Default Value: not set
;pm.status_path = /status

; The address on which to accept FastCGI status request. This creates a new
; invisible pool that can handle requests independently. This is useful
; if the main pool is busy with long running requests because it is still possible
; to get the status before finishing the long running requests.
;
; Valid syntaxes are:
;   'ip.add.re.ss:port'    - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific IPv4 address on
;                            a specific port;
;   '[ip:6:addr:ess]:port' - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific IPv6 address on
;                            a specific port;
;   'port'                 - to listen on a TCP socket to all addresses
;                            (IPv6 and IPv4-mapped) on a specific port;
;   '/path/to/unix/socket' - to listen on a unix socket.
; Default Value: value of the listen option
;pm.status_listen = 127.0.0.1:9001

; The ping URI to call the monitoring page of FPM. If this value is not set, no
; URI will be recognized as a ping page. This could be used to test from outside
; that FPM is alive and responding, or to
; - create a graph of FPM availability (rrd or such);
; - remove a server from a group if it is not responding (load balancing);
; - trigger alerts for the operating team (24/7).
; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be
;       anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it
;       may conflict with a real PHP file.
; Default Value: not set
;ping.path = /ping

; This directive may be used to customize the response of a ping request. The
; response is formatted as text/plain with a 200 response code.
; Default Value: pong
;ping.response = pong

; The access log file
; Default: not set
;access.log = log/$pool.access.log

; The access log format.
; The following syntax is allowed
;  %%: the '%' character
;  %C: %CPU used by the request
;      it can accept the following format:
;      - %userC for user CPU only
;      - %systemC for system CPU only
;      - %totalC  for user + system CPU (default)
;  %d: time taken to serve the request
;      it can accept the following format:
;      - %secondsd (default)
;      - %millisecondsd
;      - %millid
;      - %microsecondsd
;      - %microd
;  %e: an environment variable (same as $_ENV or $_SERVER)
;      it must be associated with embraces to specify the name of the env
;      variable. Some examples:
;      - server specifics like: %REQUEST_METHODe or %SERVER_PROTOCOLe
;      - HTTP headers like: %HTTP_HOSTe or %HTTP_USER_AGENTe
;  %f: script filename
;  %l: content-length of the request (for POST request only)
;  %m: request method
;  %M: peak of memory allocated by PHP
;      it can accept the following format:
;      - %bytesM (default)
;      - %kilobytesM
;      - %kiloM
;      - %megabytesM
;      - %megaM
;  %n: pool name
;  %o: output header
;      it must be associated with embraces to specify the name of the header:
;      - %Content-Typeo
;      - %X-Powered-Byo
;      - %Transfert-Encodingo
;      - ....
;  %p: PID of the child that serviced the request
;  %P: PID of the parent of the child that serviced the request
;  %q: the query string
;  %Q: the '?' character if query string exists
;  %r: the request URI (without the query string, see %q and %Q)
;  %R: remote IP address
;  %s: status (response code)
;  %t: server time the request was received
;      it can accept a strftime(3) format:
;      %d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z (default)
;      The strftime(3) format must be encapsulated in a %<strftime_format>t tag
;      e.g. for a ISO8601 formatted timestring, use: %%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%zt
;  %T: time the log has been written (the request has finished)
;      it can accept a strftime(3) format:
;      %d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z (default)
;      The strftime(3) format must be encapsulated in a %<strftime_format>t tag
;      e.g. for a ISO8601 formatted timestring, use: %%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%zt
;  %u: remote user
;
; Default: "%R - %u %t \\"%m %r\\" %s"
;access.format = "%R - %u %t \\"%m %r%Q%q\\" %s %f %millid %kiloM %C%%"

; The log file for slow requests
; Default Value: not set
; Note: slowlog is mandatory if request_slowlog_timeout is set
;slowlog = log/$pool.log.slow

; The timeout for serving a single request after which a PHP backtrace will be
; dumped to the 'slowlog' file. A value of '0s' means 'off'.
; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
; Default Value: 0
;request_slowlog_timeout = 0

; Depth of slow log stack trace.
; Default Value: 20
;request_slowlog_trace_depth = 20

; The timeout for serving a single request after which the worker process will
; be killed. This option should be used when the 'max_execution_time' ini option
; does not stop script execution for some reason. A value of '0' means 'off'.
; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
; Default Value: 0
;request_terminate_timeout = 0

; The timeout set by 'request_terminate_timeout' ini option is not engaged after
; application calls 'fastcgi_finish_request' or when application has finished and
; shutdown functions are being called (registered via register_shutdown_function).
; This option will enable timeout limit to be applied unconditionally
; even in such cases.
; Default Value: no
;request_terminate_timeout_track_finished = no

; Set open file descriptor rlimit.
; Default Value: system defined value
;rlimit_files = 1024

; Set max core size rlimit.
; Possible Values: 'unlimited' or an integer greater or equal to 0
; Default Value: system defined value
;rlimit_core = 0

; Chroot to this directory at the start. This value must be defined as an
; absolute path. When this value is not set, chroot is not used.
; Note: you can prefix with '$prefix' to chroot to the pool prefix or one
; of its subdirectories. If the pool prefix is not set, the global prefix
; will be used instead.
; Note: chrooting is a great security feature and should be used whenever
;       possible. However, all PHP paths will be relative to the chroot
;       (error_log, sessions.save_path, ...).
; Default Value: not set
;chroot =

; Chdir to this directory at the start.
; Note: relative path can be used.
; Default Value: current directory or / when chroot
;chdir = /var/www

; Redirect worker stdout and stderr into main error log. If not set, stdout and
; stderr will be redirected to /dev/null according to FastCGI specs.
; Note: on highloaded environment, this can cause some delay in the page
; process time (several ms).
; Default Value: no
;catch_workers_output = yes

; Decorate worker output with prefix and suffix containing information about
; the child that writes to the log and if stdout or stderr is used as well as
; log level and time. This options is used only if catch_workers_output is yes.
; Settings to "no" will output data as written to the stdout or stderr.
; Default value: yes
;decorate_workers_output = no

; Clear environment in FPM workers
; Prevents arbitrary environment variables from reaching FPM worker processes
; by clearing the environment in workers before env vars specified in this
; pool configuration are added.
; Setting to "no" will make all environment variables available to PHP code
; via getenv(), $_ENV and $_SERVER.
; Default Value: yes
;clear_env = no

; Limits the extensions of the main script FPM will allow to parse. This can
; prevent configuration mistakes on the web server side. You should only limit
; FPM to .php extensions to prevent malicious users to use other extensions to
; execute php code.
; Note: set an empty value to allow all extensions.
; Default Value: .php
;security.limit_extensions = .php .php3 .php4 .php5 .php7

; Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH. All $VARIABLEs are taken from
; the current environment.
; Default Value: clean env
;env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME
;env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
;env[TMP] = /tmp
;env[TMPDIR] = /tmp
;env[TEMP] = /tmp

; Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers. These settings
; overwrite the values previously defined in the php.ini. The directives are the
; same as the PHP SAPI:
;   php_value/php_flag             - you can set classic ini defines which can
;                                    be overwritten from PHP call 'ini_set'.
;   php_admin_value/php_admin_flag - these directives won't be overwritten by
;                                     PHP call 'ini_set'
; For php_*flag, valid values are on, off, 1, 0, true, false, yes or no.

; Defining 'extension' will load the corresponding shared extension from
; extension_dir. Defining 'disable_functions' or 'disable_classes' will not
; overwrite previously defined php.ini values, but will append the new value
; instead.

; Note: path INI options can be relative and will be expanded with the prefix
; (pool, global or /usr/local/Cellar/php/8.1.12)

; Default Value: nothing is defined by default except the values in php.ini and
;                specified at startup with the -d argument
;php_admin_value[sendmail_path] = /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i -f www@my.domain.com
;php_flag[display_errors] = off
;php_admin_value[error_log] = /var/log/fpm-php.www.log
;php_admin_flag[log_errors] = on
;php_admin_value[memory_limit] = 32M


     

  10.  【配置Nginx】nginx的默认localhost目录：

    /usr/local/var/www

    为了不与其他的自定义域名冲突，将localhost指向其子目录，修改/usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf，在
    server_name localhost;
    的后面增加一行：
    server_name localhost;
    root /usr/local/var/www/localhost/;
    然后手动创建好此文件夹：
    mkdir -p /usr/local/var/www/localhost/
    没有权限的话，前面加sudo与空格，再创建

    假设需要另加一个本地网站xx.com，创建好目录：
    mkdir -p /usr/local/var/www/xx.com/

     
  11. 开始“整合nginx + php”：
    修改/usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
    1）将nginx的localhost的默认监听端口从8080改为80  (大概在第36行)
    原来 
    listen       8080;
    改为 
    listen       80;
    2）在nginx的localhost的默认入口文件列表中，添加index.php
    原来 
    index  index.html index.htm;
    改为 
    index  index.html index.htm index.php;
    看情况自行修改优先顺序，左边为最优先

    3）为nginx的localhost的PHP解析工作方式，设置为socket方式（默认是TCP方式）
    原来 
    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \\.php$ 
#    root           html;
#    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
#    fastcgi_index  index.php;
#    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
#    include        fastcgi_params;
#

    改为 
    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000

location ~ \\.php$ 
    fastcgi_pass   unix:/var/systemKits/socket/php-fpm.socket;
    fastcgi_index  index.php;
    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    include        fastcgi_params;
    4）使用try_files告诉nginx主动去找index.php去解析，
    在“server ”的里面设置： 
    try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
    5）启用nginx的错误日志，找到以下行并去除注释 + 删掉最后的main，
    从 
    #error_log  logs/error.log;
    到 
    error_log  /usr/local/var/log/nginx/error.log;

    6）启用nginx的访问记录日志，找到以下行并去除注释 + 删掉最后的main，
    从 
    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;
    到 
    access_log  /usr/local/var/log/nginx/access.log;


     
  12. 完整的/usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf配置实例： 
    
#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

error_log  /usr/local/var/log/nginx/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events 
    worker_connections  1024;



http 
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /usr/local/var/log/nginx/access.log;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    server 
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        root /usr/local/var/www/localhost/;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;


        location / 
            # root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm index.php;
        

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html 
            root   html;
        

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \\.php$ 
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \\.php$ 
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #

# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000

location ~ \\.php$ 
    fastcgi_pass   unix:/var/systemKits/socket/php-fpm.socket;
    fastcgi_index  index.php;
    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    include        fastcgi_params;


        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\\.ht 
        #    deny  all;
        #
    


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server 
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / 
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    
    #


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server 
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / 
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    
    #
    include servers/*;

     
  13. 重启php、再重启nginx 
    brew services restart php
brew services restart nginx

     
  14. 在nginx的localhost目录中创建/test/index.php
    完整路径： /usr/local/var/www/localhost/test/index.php
    内容： <?php phpinfo();
  15. 浏览器中测试：localhost
  16. 浏览器中测试：http://localhost/test/

     
  17. nginx配置其他虚拟站点xx.com的步骤：
    1）修改/etc/hosts，添加127.0.0.1 xx.com
    2）创建文件/usr/local/var/www/xx.com/index.php，内容随意
    3）创建nginx配置文件 /usr/local/etc/nginx/servers/xx.com.conf，内容为： 
    server 
    listen       80;
    server_name  xx.com;
    root /usr/local/var/www/xx.com/;
    
    try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
    access_log  /usr/local/var/log/nginx/xx.com.access.log;

    location / 
        index  index.html index.htm index.php;
    
    
    location ~ \\.php$ 
	    	fastcgi_pass   unix:/var/systemKits/socket/php-fpm.socket;
	    	fastcgi_index  index.php;
	    	fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
	    	include        fastcgi_params;

    4）重启nginx，即可访问http://xx.com/
  18. 将mysql的sock位置告诉PHP，
    假设mysql使用的socket的文件是/var/systemKits/socket/mysql.sock，
    修改/usr/local/etc/php/8.1/php.ini，
    找到：
    ;pdo_mysql.default_socket
    修改为：
    pdo_mysql.default_socket = /var/systemKits/socket/mysql.sock

    找到：
    ;mysqli.default_socket =
    修改为：
    ;mysqli.default_socket = /var/systemKits/socket/mysql.sock

    启用：
    extension=mysqli
    extension=pdo_mysql
    extension=sqlite3

    保存，并重启php服务：
    brew services restart php
  19. 完成！

汇总

重启
brew services restart nginx
brew services restart php
brew services restart mysql

错误日志：
/usr/local/var/log/nginx/error.log
/usr/local/var/log/php-fpm.log

访问日志 
/usr/local/var/log/nginx/access.log

配置虚拟站点 /usr/local/etc/nginx/servers/xx.com.conf
默认www目录 /usr/local/var/www/

 相关概念

先稍微理解下一些概念，不用太仔细，快速看完有个印象。


shell有哪些？Zsh和Bash的区别是什么？
shell有哪些？Zsh和Bash的区别是什么？ - 简书


nginx配置选项try_files详解
nginx配置选项try_files详解_势无形的博客-CSDN博客_tryfiles


nginx、php-fpm默认配置与性能–TCP socket还是unix domain socket
nginx、php-fpm默认配置与性能–TCP socket还是unix domain socket_綄羙谎唁的博客-CSDN博客

macos 非root用户运行nginx无法使用80端口的处理办法：（本文已经解决了这个问题）
https://www.jb51.net/article/108059.htm

神作！超级详细的PHP-FPM启蒙：
https://www.cnblogs.com/followyou/p/9460058.html

作用
PHP-FPM(PHP FastCGI Process Manager)意：PHP FastCGI 进程管理器，用于管理PHP 进程池的软件，用于接受web服务器的请求。
PHP-FPM提供了更好的PHP进程管理方式，可以有效控制内存和进程、可以平滑重载PHP配置。

(1). 为什么会出现php-fpm

fpm的出现全部因为php-fastcgi出现。为了很好的管理php-fastcgi而实现的一个程序

(2). 什么是php-fastcgi

php-fastcgi 只是一个cgi程序,只会解析php请求，并且返回结果，不会管理(因此才出现的php-fpm)。

(3)为什么不叫php-cgi

其实在php-fastcgi出现之前是有一个php-cgi存在的,只是它的执行效率低下，因此被php-fastcgi取代。

(4)那fastcgi和cgi有什么区别呢？

亲们，这区别就大了，当一个服务web-server(nginx)分发过来请求的时候，通过匹配后缀知道该请求是个动态的php请求，会把这个请求转给php。

在cgi的年代，思想比较保守，总是一个请求过来后,去读取php.ini里的基础配置信息，初始化执行环境，每次都要不停的去创建一个进程,读取配置，初始化环境，返回数据，退出进程，久而久之，启动进程的工作变的乏味无趣特别累。

当php来到了5的时代，大家对这种工作方式特别反感，想偷懒的人就拼命的想，我可不可以让cgi一次启动一个主进程(master),让他只读取一次配置，然后在启动多个工作进程(worker),当一个请求来的时候，通过master传递给worker这样就可以避免重复劳动了。于是就产生了fastcgi。

(5)fastcgi这么好，启动的worker用完怎么办？
当worker不够的时候，master会通过配置里的信息，动态启动worker，等空闲的时候可以收回worker

(6)到现在还是没明白php-fpm 是个什么东西?
就是来管理启动一个master进程和多个worker进程的程序.

PHP-FPM 会创建一个主进程，控制何时以及如何将HTTP请求转发给一个或多个子进程处理。PHP-FPM主进程还控制着什
么时候创建(处理Web应用更多的流量)和销毁(子进程运行时间太久或不再需要了)
PHP子进程。PHP-FPM进程池中的每个进程存在的时间都比单个HTTP请求长,可以处
理10、50、100、500或更多的HTTP请求。

安装
PHP在 5.3.3 之后已经把php-fpm并入到php的核心代码中了。 所以php-fpm不需要单独的下载安装。
要想php支持php-fpm，只需要在编译php源码的时候带上 --enable-fpm 就可以了。

全局配置
在Centos中，PHP-FPM 的主配置文件是 /etc/php7/php-fpm.conf。

指定一段时间内有指定个子进程失效了，PHP-FPM重启：

#在指定的一段时间内，如果失效的PHP-FPM子进程数超过这个值，PHP-FPM主进程将优雅重启。
emergency_restart_threshold = 10

#设定emergency_restart_interval 设置采用的时间跨度。
emergency_restart_interval = 1m
配置进程池
PHP-FPM配置文件其余的内容是一个名为Pool Defintions的区域。这个区域里的配置用户设置每个PHP-FPM进程池。PHP-FPM进程池中是一系列相关的PHP子进程。通常一个PHP应用有自己一个进程池。

Centos在PHP-FPM主配置文件的顶部引入进程池定义文件：

include=/etc/php7/php-fpm.d/*.conf
www.conf 是PHP-FPM进程池的默认配置文件。

user= nobody
#拥有这个 PHP-FPM进程池中子进程的系统用户。要把这个设置的值设用的非根用户的用户名。

group = nobody
#拥有这个 PHP-FPM进程池中子进程的系统用户组。要把这个设置的值设应用的非根用户所属的用户组名。

listen=[::]]:9000
#PHP-FPM进程池监听的IP地址和端口号,让 PHP-FPM只接受 nginx从这里传入的请求。

listen. allowed clients =127.0.0.1
#可以向这个 PHP-FPM进程池发送请求的IP地址(一个或多个)。

pm.max children =51
#这个设置设定任何时间点 PHP-FPM进程池中最多能有多少个进程。这个设置没有绝对正确的值,你应该测试你的PHP应用,确定每个PHP进程需要使用多少内存，然后把这个设置设为设备可用内存能容纳的PHP进程总数。对大多数中小型PHP应用来说,每个PHP进程要使用5~15MB内存(具体用量可能有差异）。 假设我们使用设备为这个PHP-FPM进程池分配了512MB可用内存，那么可以把这个设置设为（512MB总内存）/(每个进程使用10MB) = 51个进程。

...

编辑保存，重启PHP-FPM主进程：

sudo systemctl restart php-fpm.service
PHP-FPM进程池的配置详情参见 http://php.net/manual/install.fpm.configuration.php

参考Company开发环境
测试环境的配置如下：

[www]
user = nobody               #进程的发起用户和用户组，用户user是必须设置，group不是  nobody 任意用户
group = nobody

listen = [::]:9000          #监听ip和端口，[::] 代表任意ip
chdir = /app                #在程序启动时将会改变到指定的位置(这个是相对路径，相对当前路径或chroot后的“/”目录)　

pm = dynamic                #选择进程池管理器如何控制子进程的数量  static：　　对于子进程的开启数路给定一个锁定的值(pm.max_children)   dynamic:　 子进程的数目为动态的，它的数目基于下面的指令的值(以下为dynamic适用参数)
pm.max_children = 16        #同一时刻能够存货的最大子进程的数量
pm.start_servers = 4        #在启动时启动的子进程数量
pm.min_spare_servers = 2    #处于空闲"idle"状态的最小子进程，如果空闲进程数量小于这个值，那么相应的子进程会被创建
pm.max_spare_servers = 16   #最大空闲子进程数量，空闲子进程数量超过这个值，那么相应的子进程会被杀掉。

catch_workers_output = Yes  #将worker的标准输出和错误输出重定向到主要的错误日志记录中，如果没有设置，根据FastCGI的指定，将会被重定向到/dev/null上

生产环境配置：

转发请求给PHP-FPM
nginx为例：

server 
       listen       83;
       server_name mobile.com;
       root /app/mobile/web/;

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html 
            root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        

        location / 
                index  index.html index.htm index.php;
                # Redirect everything that isn't a real file to index.php
                try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$is_args$args;
        

        #把HTTP请求转发给PHP-FPM进程池处理
        location ~ .*\\.php                 include fastcgi_params;
                fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
                fastcgi_pass   192.168.33.30:9000;      #监听9000端口
                fastcgi_index  index.php;
                try_files $uri =404;
                #include fastcgi.conf;
        
        location ~ /\\.(ht|svn|git) 
                deny all;
        
        access_log  /app/wwwlogs/access.log;
        error_log   /app/wwwlogs/error.log;

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