Python+requests+exce接口自动化测试框架
Posted 逗芽
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一、接口自动化测试框架
二、工程目录
三、Excel测试用例设计
四、基础数据base
封装post/get：runmethod.py
#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*-coding:utf-8-*- # __author__: hunter import requests import json class RunMain: def send_get(self, url, data): res = requests.get(url=url, params=data).json() # return res return json.dumps(res, indent=2, sort_keys=False, ensure_ascii=False) def send_post(self, url, data): res = requests.post(url=url, data=json.dumps(data)).json() # return res return json.dumps(res, indent=2, sort_keys=False, ensure_ascii=False) def run_main(self, url, method, data=None): if method == \'POST\': res = self.send_post(url, data) else: res = self.send_get(url, data) return res
HTMLTestrunner：测试报告
""" A TestRunner for use with the Python unit testing framework. It generates a HTML report to show the result at a glance. The simplest way to use this is to invoke its main method. E.g. import unittest import HTMLTestRunner ... define your tests ... if __name__ == \'__main__\': HTMLTestRunner.main() For more customization options, instantiates a HTMLTestRunner object. HTMLTestRunner is a counterpart to unittest\'s TextTestRunner. E.g. # output to a file fp = file(\'my_report.html\', \'wb\') runner = HTMLTestRunner.HTMLTestRunner( stream=fp, title=\'My unit test\', description=\'This demonstrates the report output by HTMLTestRunner.\' ) # Use an external stylesheet. # See the Template_mixin class for more customizable options runner.STYLESHEET_TMPL = \'<link rel="stylesheet" href="my_stylesheet.css" type="text/css">\' # run the test runner.run(my_test_suite) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Copyright (c) 2004-2007, Wai Yip Tung All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * Neither the name Wai Yip Tung nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. """ # URL: http://tungwaiyip.info/software/HTMLTestRunner.html __author__ = "Wai Yip Tung" __version__ = "0.8.2" """ Change History Version 0.8.2 * Show output inline instead of popup window (Viorel Lupu). Version in 0.8.1 * Validated XHTML (Wolfgang Borgert). * Added description of test classes and test cases. Version in 0.8.0 * Define Template_mixin class for customization. * Workaround a IE 6 bug that it does not treat <script> block as CDATA. Version in 0.7.1 * Back port to Python 2.3 (Frank Horowitz). * Fix missing scroll bars in detail log (Podi). """ # TODO: color stderr # TODO: simplify javascript using ,ore than 1 class in the class attribute? import datetime import io import sys import time import unittest from xml.sax import saxutils # ------------------------------------------------------------------------ # The redirectors below are used to capture output during testing. Output # sent to sys.stdout and sys.stderr are automatically captured. However # in some cases sys.stdout is already cached before HTMLTestRunner is # invoked (e.g. calling logging.basicConfig). In order to capture those # output, use the redirectors for the cached stream. # # e.g. # >>> logging.basicConfig(stream=HTMLTestRunner.stdout_redirector) # >>> class OutputRedirector(object): """ Wrapper to redirect stdout or stderr """ def __init__(self, fp): self.fp = fp def write(self, s): self.fp.write(s) def writelines(self, lines): self.fp.writelines(lines) def flush(self): self.fp.flush() stdout_redirector = OutputRedirector(sys.stdout) stderr_redirector = OutputRedirector(sys.stderr) # ---------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template class Template_mixin(object): """ Define a HTML template for report customerization and generation. Overall structure of an HTML report HTML +------------------------+ |<html> | | <head> | | | | STYLESHEET | | +----------------+ | | | | | | +----------------+ | | | | </head> | | | | <body> | | | | HEADING | | +----------------+ | | | | | | +----------------+ | | | | REPORT | | +----------------+ | | | | | | +----------------+ | | | | ENDING | | +----------------+ | | | | | | +----------------+ | | | | </body> | |</html> | +------------------------+ """ STATUS = { 0: \'pass\', 1: \'fail\', 2: \'error\', } DEFAULT_TITLE = \'Unit Test Report\' DEFAULT_DESCRIPTION = \'\' # ------------------------------------------------------------------------ # HTML Template HTML_TMPL = r"""<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>%(title)s</title> <meta name="generator" content="%(generator)s"/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/> %(stylesheet)s </head> <body> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"><!-- output_list = Array(); /* level - 0:Summary; 1:Failed; 2:All */ function showCase(level) { trs = document.getElementsByTagName("tr"); for (var i = 0; i < trs.length; i++) { tr = trs[i]; id = tr.id; if (id.substr(0,2) == \'ft\') { if (level < 1) { tr.className = \'hiddenRow\'; } else { tr.className = \'\'; } } if (id.substr(0,2) == \'pt\') { if (level > 1) { tr.className = \'\'; } else { tr.className = \'hiddenRow\'; } } } } function showClassDetail(cid, count) { var id_list = Array(count); var toHide = 1; for (var i = 0; i < count; i++) { tid0 = \'t\' + cid.substr(1) + \'.\' + (i+1); tid = \'f\' + tid0; tr = document.getElementById(tid); if (!tr) { tid = \'p\' + tid0; tr = document.getElementById(tid); } id_list[i] = tid; if (tr.className) { toHide = 0; } } for (var i = 0; i < count; i++) { tid = id_list[i]; if (toHide) { document.getElementById(\'div_\'+tid).style.display = \'none\' document.getElementById(tid).className = \'hiddenRow\'; } else { document.getElementById(tid).className = \'\'; } } } function showTestDetail(div_id){ var details_div = document.getElementById(div_id) var displayState = details_div.style.display // alert(displayState) if (displayState != \'block\' ) { displayState = \'block\' details_div.style.display = \'block\' } else { details_div.style.display = \'none\' } } function html_escape(s) { s = s.replace(/&/g,\'&\'); s = s.replace(/</g,\'<\'); s = s.replace(/>/g,\'>\'); return s; } /* obsoleted by detail in <div> function showOutput(id, name) { var w = window.open("", //url name, "resizable,scrollbars,status,width=800,height=450"); d = w.document; d.write("<pre>"); d.write(html_escape(output_list[id])); d.write("\\n"); d.write("<a href=\'javascript:window.close()\'>close</a>\\n"); d.write("</pre>\\n"); d.close(); } */ --></script> %(heading)s %(report)s %(ending)s </body> </html> """ # variables: (title, generator, stylesheet, heading, report, ending) # ------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Stylesheet # # alternatively use a <link> for external style sheet, e.g. # <link rel="stylesheet" href="$url" type="text/css"> STYLESHEET_TMPL = """ <style type="text/css" media="screen"> body { font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 80%; } table { font-size: 100%; } pre { } /* -- heading ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ h1 { font-size: 16pt; color: gray; } .heading { margin-top: 0ex; margin-bottom: 1ex; } .heading .attribute { margin-top: 1ex; margin-bottom: 0; } .heading .description { margin-top: 4ex; margin-bottom: 6ex; } /* -- css div popup ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */ a.popup_link { } a.popup_link:hover { color: red; } .popup_window { display: none; position: relative; left: 0px; top: 0px; /*border: solid #627173 1px; */ padding: 10px; background-color: #E6E6D6; font-family: "Lucida Console", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; text-align: left; font-size: 8pt; width: 500px; } } /* -- report ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */ #show_detail_line { margin-top: 3ex; margin-bottom: 1ex; } #result_table { width: 80%; border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid #777; } #header_row { font-weight: bold; color: white; background-color: #777; } #result_table td { border: 1px solid #777; padding: 2px; } #total_row { font-weight: bold; } .passClass { background-color: #6c6; } .failClass { background-color: #c60; } .errorClass { background-color: #c00; } .passCase { color: #6c6; } .failCase { color: #c60; font-weight: bold; } .errorCase { color: #c00; font-weight: bold; } .hiddenRow { display: none; } .testcase { margin-left: 2em; } /* -- ending ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ #ending { } </style> """ # ------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Heading # HEADING_TMPL = """<div class=\'heading\'> <h1>%(title)s</h1> %(parameters)s <p class=\'description\'>%(description)s</p> </div> """ # variables: (title, parameters, description) HEADING_ATTRIBUTE_TMPL = """<p class=\'attribute\'><strong>%(name)s:</strong> %(value)s</p> """ # variables: (name, value) # ------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Report # REPORT_TMPL = """ <p id=\'show_detail_line\'>Show <a href=\'javascript:showCase(0)\'>Summary</a> <a href=\'javascript:showCase(1)\'>Failed</a> <a href=\'javascript:showCase(2)\'>All</a> </p> <table id=\'result_table\'> <colgroup> <col align=\'left\' /> <col align=\'right\' /> <col align=\'right\' /> <col align=\'right\' /> <col align=\'right\' /> <col align=\'right\' /> </colgroup> <tr id=\'header_row\'> <td>Test Group/Test case</td> <td>Count</td> <td>Pass</td> <td>Fail</td> <td>Error</td> <td>View</td> </tr> %(test_list)s <tr id=\'total_row\'> <td>Total</td> <td>%(count)s</td> <td>%(Pass)s</td> <td>%(fail)s</td> <td>%(error)s</td> <td> </td> </tr> </table> """ # variables: (test_list, count, Pass, fail, error) REPORT_CLASS_TMPL = r""" <tr class=\'%(style)s\'> <td>%(desc)s</td> <td>%(count)s</td> <td>%(Pass)s</td> <td>%(fail)s</td> <td>%(error)s</td> <td><a href="javascript:showClassDetail(\'%(cid)s\',%(count)s)">Detail</a></td> </tr> """ # variables: (style, desc, count, Pass, fail, error, cid) REPORT_TEST_WITH_OUTPUT_TMPL = r""" <tr id=\'%(tid)s\' class=\'%(Class)s\'> <td class=\'%(style)s\'><div class=\'testcase\'>%(desc)s</div></td> <td colspan=\'5\' align=\'center\'> <!--css div popup start--> <a class="popup_link" onfocus=\'this.blur();\' href="javascript:showTestDetail(\'div_%(tid)s\')" > %(status)s</a> <div id=\'div_%(tid)s\' class="popup_window"> <div style=\'text-align: right; color:red;cursor:pointer\'> <a onfocus=\'this.blur();\' onclick="document.getElementById(\'div_%(tid)s\').style.display = \'none\' " > [x]</a> </div> <pre> %(script)s </pre> </div> <!--css div popup end--> </td> </tr> """ # variables: (tid, Class, style, desc, status) REPORT_TEST_NO_OUTPUT_TMPL = r""" <tr id=\'%(tid)s\' class=\'%(Class)s\'> <td class=\'%(style)s\'><div class=\'testcase\'>%(desc)s</div></td> <td colspan=\'5\' align=\'center\'>%(status)s</td> </tr> """ # variables: (tid, Class, style, desc, status) REPORT_TEST_OUTPUT_TMPL = r""" %(id)s: %(output)s """ # variables: (id, output) # ------------------------------------------------------------------------ # ENDING # ENDING_TMPL = """<div id=\'ending\'> </div>""" # -------------------- The end of the Template class ------------------- TestResult = unittest.TestResult class _TestResult(TestResult): # note: _TestResult is a pure representation of results. # It lacks the output and reporting ability compares to unittest._TextTestResult. def __init__(self, verbosity=1): TestResult.__init__(self) self.stdout0 = None self.stderr0 = None self.success_count = 0 self.failure_count = 0 self.error_count = 0 self.verbosity = verbosity # result is a list of result in 4 tuple # ( # result code (0: success; 1: fail; 2: error), # TestCase object, # Test output (byte string), # stack trace, # ) self.result = [] def startTest(self, test): TestResult.startTest(self, test) # just one buffer for both stdout and stderr self.outputBuffer = io.BytesIO() stdout_redirector.fp = self.outputBuffer stderr_redirector.fp = self.outputBuffer self.stdout0 = sys.stdout self.stderr0 = sys.stderr sys.stdout = stdout_redirector sys.stderr = stderr_redirector def complete_output(self): """ Disconnect output redirection and return buffer. Safe to call multiple times. """ if self.stdout0: sys.stdout = self.stdout0 sys.stderr = self.stderr0 self.stdout0 = None self.stderr0 = None return self.outputBuffer.getvalue() def stopTest(self, test): # Usually one of addSuccess, addError or addFailure would have been called. # But there are some path in unittest that would bypass this. # We must disconnect stdout in stopTest(), which is guaranteed to be called. self.complete_output() def addSuccess(self, test): self.success_count += 1 TestResult.addSuccess(self, test) output = self.complete_output() self.result.append((0, test, output, \'\')) if self.verbosity > 1: sys.stderr.write(\'ok \') sys.stderr.write(str(test)) sys.stderr.write(\'\\n\') else: sys.stderr.write(\'.\') def addError(self, test, err): self.error_count += 1 TestResult.addError(self, test, err) _, _exc_str = self.errors[-1] output = self.complete_output() self.result.append((2, test, output, _exc_str)) if self.verbosity > 1: sys.stderr.write(\'E \') sys.stderr.write(str(test)) sys.stderr.write(\'\\n\') else: sys.stderr.write(\'E\') def addFailure(self, test, err): self.failure_count += 1 TestResult.addFailure(self, test, err) _, _exc_str = self.failures[-1] output = self.complete_output() self.result.append((1, test, output, _exc_str)) if self.verbosity > 1: sys.stderr.write(\'F \') sys.stderr.write(str(test)) sys.stderr.write(\'\\n\') else: sys.stderr.write(\'F\') class HTMLTestRunner(Template_mixin): """ """ def __init__(self, stream=sys.stdout, verbosity=1, title=None, description=None): self.stream = stream self.verbosity = verbosity if title is None: self.title = self.DEFAULT_TITLE else: self.title = title if description is None: self.description = self.DEFAULT_DESCRIPTION else: self.description = description self.startTime = datetime.datetime.now() def run(self, test): "Run the given test case or test suite." result = _TestResult(self.verbosity) test(result) self.stopTime = datetime.datetime.now() self.generateReport(test, result) print(sys.stderr, \'\\nTime Elapsed: %s\' % (self.stopTime-self.startTime)) return result def sortResult(self, result_list): # unittest does not seems to run in any particular order. # Here at least we want to group them together by class. rmap = {} classes = [] for n,t,o,e in result_list: cls = t.__class__ if not cls in rmap: rmap[cls] = [] classes.append(cls) rmap[cls].append((n,t,o,e)) r = [(cls, rmap[cls]) for cls in classes] return r def getReportAttributes(self, result): """ Return report attributes as a list of (name, value). Override this to add custom attributes. """ startTime = str(self.startTime)[:19] duration = str(self.stopTime - self.startTime) status = [] if result.success_count: status.append(\'Pass %s\' % result.success_count) if result.failure_count: status.append(\'Failure %s\' % result.failure_count) if result.error_count: status.append(\'Error %s\' % result.error_count ) if status: status = \' \'.join(status) else: status = \'none\' return [ (\'Start Time\', startTime), (\'Duration\', duration), (\'Status\', status), ] def generateReport(self, test, result): report_attrs = self.getReportAttributes(result) generator = \'HTMLTestRunner %s\' % __version__ stylesheet = self._generate_stylesheet() heading = self._generate_heading(report_attrs) report = self._generate_report(result) ending = self._generate_ending() output = self.HTML_TMPL % dict( title = saxutils.escape(self.title), generator = generator, stylesheet = stylesheet, heading = heading, report = report, ending = ending, ) self.stream.write(output.encode(\'utf8\')) def _generate_stylesheet(self): return self.STYLESHEET_TMPL def _generate_heading(self, report_attrs): a_lines = [] for name, value in report_attrs: line = self.HEADING_ATTRIBUTE_TMPL % dict( name = saxutils.escape(name), value = saxutils.escape(value), ) a_lines.append(line) heading = self.HEADING_TMPL % dict( title = saxutils.escape(self.title), parameters = \'\'.join(a_lines), description = saxutils.escape(self.description), ) return heading def _generate_report(self, result): rows = [] sortedResult = self.sortResult(result.result) for cid, (cls, cls_results) in enumerate(sortedResult): # subtotal for a class np = nf = ne = 0 for n,t,o,e in cls_results: if n == 0: np += 1 elif n == 1: nf += 1 else: ne += 1 # format class description if cls.__module__ == "__main__": name = cls.__name__ else: name = "%s.%s" % (cls.__module__, cls.__name__) doc = cls.__doc__ and cls.__doc__.split("\\n")[0] or "" desc = doc and \'%s: %s\' % (name, doc) or name row = self.REPORT_CLASS_TMPL % dict( style = ne > 0 and \'errorClass\' or nf > 0 and \'failClass\' or \'passClass\', desc = desc, count = np+nf+ne, Pass = np, fail = nf, error = ne, cid = \'c%s\' % (cid+1), ) rows.append(row) for tid, (n,t,o,e) in enumerate(cls_results): self._generate_report_test(rows, cid, tid, n, t, o, e) report = self.REPORT_TMPL % dict( test_list = \'\'.join(rows), count = str(result.success_count+result.failure_count+result.error_count), Pass = str(result.success_count), fail = str(result.failure_count), error = str(result.error_count), ) return report def _generate_report_test(self, rows, cid, tid, n, t, o, e): # e.g. \'pt1.1\', \'ft1.1\', etc has_output = bool(o or e) tid = (n == 0 and \'p\' or \'f\') + \'t%s.%s\' % (cid+1,tid+1) name = t.id().split(\'.\')[-1] doc = t.shortDescription() or "" desc = doc and (\'%s: %s\' % (name, doc)) or name tmpl = has_output and self.REPORT_TEST_WITH_OUTPUT_TMPL or self.REPORT_TEST_NO_OUTPUT_TMPL # o and e should be byte string because they are collected from stdout and stderr? if isinstance(o,str): # TODO: some problem with \'string_escape\': it escape \\n and mess up formating # uo = unicode(o.encode(\'string_escape\')) uo = o.decode(\'latin-1\') else: uo = o if isinstance(e,str): # TODO: some problem with \'string_escape\': it escape \\n and mess up formating # ue = unicode(e.encode(\'string_escape\')) ue = e else: ue = e script = self.REPORT_TEST_OUTPUT_TMPL % dict( id = tid, output = saxutils.escape(str(uo)+ue), ) row = tmpl % dict( tid = tid, Class = (n == 0 and \'hiddenRow\' or \'none\'), style = n == 2 and \'errorCase\' or (n == 1 and \'failCase\' or \'none\'), desc = desc, script = script, status = self.STATUS[n], ) rows.append(row) if not has_output: return def _generate_ending(self): return self.ENDING_TMPL ############################################################################## # Facilities for running tests from the command line ############################################################################## # Note: Reuse unittest.TestProgram to launch test. In the future we may # build our own launcher to support more specific command line # parameters like test title, CSS, etc. class TestProgram(unittest.TestProgram): """ A variation of the unittest.TestProgram. Please refer to the base class for command line parameters. """ def runTests(self): # Pick HTMLTestRunner as the default test runner. # base class\'s testRunner parameter is not useful because it means # we have to instantiate HTMLTestRunner before we know self.verbosity. if self.testRunner is None: self.testRunner = HTMLTestRunner(verbosity=self.verbosity) unittest.TestProgram.runTests(self) main = TestProgram ############################################################################## # Executing this module from the command line ############################################################################## if __name__ == "__main__": main(module=None)
五、data操作Excel的读写、日志
handle_excel.py:封装Excel的读写
#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*-coding:utf-8-*- # __author__: hunter import xlrd from xlutils.copy import copy class HandleExcel: """封装操作Excel的方法""" def __init__(self, file=\'D:/hunter_/interfaceTest/hunter_interface/case/demo2.xlsx\', sheet_id=0): self.file = file self.sheet_id = sheet_id self.data = self.get_data() # 为了创建一个实例时就获得Excel的sheet对象，可以在构造器中调用get_data() # 因为类在实例化时就会自动调用构造器，这样创建一个实例时就会自动获得sheet对象了 # 获取某一页sheet对象 def get_data(self): data = xlrd.open_workbook(self.file) sheet = data.sheet_by_index(self.sheet_id) return sheet # 获取Excel数据行数 def get_rows(self): rows = self.data.nrows return rows # 获取某个单元格写入数据 def get_value(self, row, col): value = self.data.cell_value(row, col) return value # 向某个单元格写入数据 def write_value(self, row, col, value): data = xlrd.open_workbook(self.file) # 打开文件 data_copy = copy(data) # 复制源文件 sheet = data_copy.get_sheet(0) # 取得复制文件的sheet对象 sheet.write(row, col, value) # 在某一单元格写入value以上是关于Python+requests+exce接口自动化测试框架的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章python自动化接口自动化：2.接口测试requests模块
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