python数据分析-数据处理

Posted 2020-11-11 秋雨秋雨秋雨

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数据导入：

 导入csv
from pandas import read_csv;

df = read_csv(\'D://PA//4.1//1.csv\')
导入文本，要转成UTF-8无BOM格式：
from pandas import read_table;

df = read_table(\'D://PA//4.1//2.txt\')
导入excle
from pandas import read_excel;

df = read_excel(\'C:/PA/4.1/3.xlsx\')

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数据导出：

数据的导出：

from pandas import DataFrame;

df = DataFrame({
    \'age\': [21, 22, 23], 
    \'name\': [\'KEN\', \'John\', \'JIMI\']
});

df.to_csv("c:/PA/4.1/df.csv");

#不导入序号
df.to_csv("c:/PA/4.1/df.csv", index=False);

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重复值处理：

from pandas import read_csv;

df = read_csv(\'C:/PA/4.1/data.csv\')

newDF = df.drop_duplicates();

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缺失值处理：

from pandas import read_csv;

df = read_csv(\'C:/PA/4.4/data.csv\')

newDF = df.dropna();

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空格值处理：

from pandas import read_csv;

df = read_csv(\'C:/PA/4.5/data.csv\')

newDF = df["name"].str.strip();
df["name"]=newDF;

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字段抽取：

astype(str) 转换成字符型数据，以便于处理。

from pandas import read_csv;

df = read_csv(\'C:/PA/4.6/data.csv\')

df["tel"]=df["tel"].astype(str);

bands=df["tel"].str.slice(0,3);

areas=df["tel"].str.slice(3,7);

numbs=df["tel"].str.slice(7,11);

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字段拆分：

from pandas import read_csv;
df=read_csv("C:/PA/4.7/data.csv");

newDF=df["name"].str.split(" ",1,True);
newDF.columns=["band","name"];

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记录抽取：

import pandas;
from pandas import read_csv;
df=read_csv("C:/PA/4.8/data.csv",sep="|");
df[df.comments>1000];
df[df.comments.between(1000,10000)];
df[pandas.isnull(df.title)];
df[df.title.str.contains("台电",na=False)];
df[(df.comments>=1000)&(df.comments<=10000)]

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随机抽样：

import numpy;
from pandas import read_csv;
df=read_csv("C:/PA/4.9/data.csv");
r=numpy.random.randint(0,10,3);
df.loc[r,:];

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记录合并：

import pandas;
from pandas import read_csv;

df1=read_csv("C:/PA/4.10/data1.csv",sep="|");
df2=read_csv("C:/PA/4.10/data2.csv",sep="|");
df3=read_csv("C:/PA/4.10/data3.csv",sep="|");

df=pandas.concat([df1,df2,df3])

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字段合并：

from pandas import read_csv;

df = read_csv(
     "C:/PA/4.11/data.csv",
    sep=" ", 
    names=[\'band\', \'area\', \'num\']
);

df = df.astype(str);

tel = df[\'band\'] + df[\'area\'] + df[\'num\']

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字段匹配：

import pandas;
from pandas import read_csv;
item=read_csv(
        "C:/PA/4.12/data1.csv",
        sep="|",
        names=["id","comments","title"]
);
prices=read_csv(
         "C:/PA/4.12/data1.csv",
         sep="|",
         names=["id","oldprice","newprice"]
        )
itemprices=pandas.merge(
        item,
        prices,
        left_on="id",
        right_on="id"
 );

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简单计算：

import pandas;
from pandas import read_csv;

df=read_csv("C:/PA/4.13/data.csv",sep="|");
result=df.price*df.num
df["sum"]=result

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数据标准化：

import pandas;
from pandas import read_csv;

df=read_csv("C:/PA/4.14/data.csv");

scale=(df.score-df.score.min())/(df.score.max()-df.score.min())

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数据分组：

import pandas;
from pandas import read_csv;

df = read_csv("C:\\\\PA\\\\4.15\\\\data.csv", sep=\'|\');

bins = [min(df.cost)-1, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, max(df.cost)+1];

labels = [\'20以下\', \'20到40\', \'40到60\', \'60到80\', \'80到100\', \'100以上\'];

pandas.cut(df.cost, bins)

pandas.cut(df.cost, bins, right=False)

pandas.cut(df.cost, bins, right=False, labels=labels)

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日期转换：

import pandas;
from pandas import read_csv;
from pandas import to_datetime;

df = read_csv("C:\\\\PA\\\\4.16\\\\data.csv",encoding="utf-8");
df_dt=to_datetime(df.注册时间,format="%Y/%m/%d");

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日期格式化：

import pandas;
from pandas import read_csv;
from pandas import to_datetime;

df = read_csv("C:\\\\PA\\\\4.16\\\\data.csv",encoding="utf-8");
df_dt=to_datetime(df.注册时间,format="%Y/%m/%d");
df_dt_str=df_dt.apply(lambda x:datatime.strftime(x,"%d-%m-%Y"))

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日期抽取：

import pandas;
from pandas import read_csv;
from pandas import to_datetime;

df = read_csv("C:\\\\PA\\\\4.18\\\\data.csv",encoding="utf-8");
df_dt=to_datetime(df.注册时间,format="%Y/%m/%d");
df_dt.dt.year;
df_dt.dt.second;
df_dt.dt.minute;
df_dt.dt.hour;
df_dt.dt.day;
df_dt.dt.month;
df_dt.dt.weekday;