Linux shell script programming All In One

Posted 2023-04-22 xgqfrms

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Linux shell script programming All In One shell 脚本编程

Linux shell script programming All In One

shell 脚本编程

Linux 系统中登录 shell 的时候，会从下面的 5 个启动文件里读取命令；

# 系统级，所有登录用户都会先启动这个文件
$ cat /etc/profile

# 用户级，按照Linux 发行版中实际存在的文件个数，依次进行启动
$ cat $HOME/.bash_profile
$ cat $HOME/.bashrc
$ cat $HOME/.bash_login
$ cat $HOME/.profile

shell types

shell 类型 / shell 种类

# $ which shell

$ which bash
$ which sh
$ which zsh

系统	截图
Raspberry Pi
macOS

启动文件

系统的 shell 启动配置文件 /etc/profile

$ cat /etc/profile

# /etc/profile: system-wide .profile file for the Bourne shell (sh(1))
# and Bourne compatible shells (bash(1), ksh(1), ash(1), ...).

if [ "$(id -u)" -eq 0 ]; then
  PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
else
  PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/local/games:/usr/games"
fi
export PATH

if [ "$PS1-" ]; then
  if [ "$BASH-" ] && [ "$BASH" != "/bin/sh" ]; then
    # The file bash.bashrc already sets the default PS1.
    # PS1=\'\\h:\\w\\$ \'
    if [ -f /etc/bash.bashrc ]; then
      . /etc/bash.bashrc
    fi
  else
    if [ "$(id -u)" -eq 0 ]; then
      PS1=\'# \'
    else
      PS1=\'$ \'
    fi
  fi
fi

if [ -d /etc/profile.d ]; then
  for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh; do
    if [ -r $i ]; then
      . $i
    fi
  done
  unset i
fi

# 配置文件目录 `/etc/profile.d`
$ ls -al /etc/profile.d

用户的 shell 启动配置文件 $HOME/.profile

$ cat $HOME/.profile
# 等价于
$ cd ~ && cat .profile

# ~/.profile: executed by the command interpreter for login shells.
# This file is not read by bash(1), if ~/.bash_profile or ~/.bash_login
# exists.
# see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files for examples.
# the files are located in the bash-doc package.

# the default umask is set in /etc/profile; for setting the umask
# for ssh logins, install and configure the libpam-umask package.
#umask 022

# if running bash
if [ -n "$BASH_VERSION" ]; then
    # include .bashrc if it exists
    if [ -f "$HOME/.bashrc" ]; then
	. "$HOME/.bashrc"
    fi
fi

# set PATH so it includes user\'s private bin if it exists
if [ -d "$HOME/bin" ] ; then
    PATH="$HOME/bin:$PATH"
fi

# set PATH so it includes user\'s private bin if it exists
if [ -d "$HOME/.local/bin" ] ; then
    PATH="$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH"
fi

echo "每次登录自动执行脚本 ✅"
bash /home/pi/Desktop/ip-program.sh

demos

(

Linux08--Shell程序设计03 shell script

第一个Shell脚本——HelloWorld

[root@localhost ~]# vi sh01.sh
#!/bin/bash ＃！表明使用哪种shell
# this is my first shell script #注释部分

echo -e "hello world!"
exit 0

[root@localhost~]# sh sh01.sh   ＃使用bash或者sh命令执行sh文件
hello world!

第二个Shell脚本——从终端接收用户输入到变量中