linux python2.6升级2.7

Posted 2020-11-03 疯狂的米粒儿

1. 准备安装包，系统是最小化安装

# 下载安装依赖的相关包
[[email protected] ~]# yum install vim gcc make wget -y
[[email protected] ~]# yum install openssl-devel zlib-devel readline-devel sqlite-devel -y

# 下载
[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/local/src
[[email protected] ~]# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.10/Python-2.7.10.tgz
# 解压
[[email protected] ~]# tar -zxvf Python-2.7.10.tgz
[[email protected] ~]# ls
Python-2.7.10  Python-2.7.10.tgz

2. 编译配置安装

[[email protected] ~]# cd Python-2.7.10
[[email protected] Python-2.7.10]# ./configure --enable-shared --enable-loadable-sqlite-extensions     --prefix=/usr/local/python27 --with-zlib --with-ssl
[[email protected] Python-2.7.10]# vim ./Modules/Setup    # 找到下边这一行内容，去掉注释
#zlib zlibmodule.c -I$(prefix)/include -L$(exec_prefix)/lib -lz
[[email protected] Python-2.7.10]# make && make install

3. 查看 python 版本信息

[[email protected] Python-2.7.10]# python -V
Python 2.6.6
# 版本依旧是 2.6.6

4. 用 python2.7 替换旧版本

[[email protected] Python-2.7.10]# cd /usr/bin/
[[email protected] bin]# ls python* -l   # 旧 python 版本信息
-rwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4864 2月  22 2013  python
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    6 10月 22 18:38 python2 -> python
-rwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4864 2月  22 2013  python2.6

[[email protected] bin]# mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python2.6.6
[[email protected] bin]# ln -s /usr/local/python27/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python

[[email protected] bin]# ls python* -l
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root   33 10月 23 00:01 python -> /usr/local/python27/bin/python2.7
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    6 10月 22 18:38 python2 -> python
-rwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4864 2月  22 2013 python2.6
-rwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4864 2月  22 2013 python2.6.6

5. 重新验证 Python 版本信息

[[email protected] bin]# python -V
Python 2.7.10

可以看到，系统识别的 python 版本已经是 python 2.7.10

执行 python -V 遇到的问题：

python: error while loading shared libraries: libpython2.7.so.1.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
# 原因：linux系统默认没有把/usr/local/python27/lib路径加入动态库搜索路径

解决：

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf
# 添加如下一行内容
/usr/local/python27/lib
[[email protected] ~]# ldconfig  # 使新添加的路径生效

 

二、解决 yum 兼容性问题

因为 yum 是不兼容 Python 2.7 的，所以 yum 不能正常工作，我们需要指定 yum 的 Python 为 2.6。

1. 升级 python 后 yum 出现的问题

[[email protected] bin]# yum 
There was a problem importing one of the Python modules
required to run yum. The error leading to this problem was:
 No module named yum
... ... ... ...

2. 编辑 yum 配置文件

[[email protected] bin]# vim /usr/bin/yum
#!/usr/bin/python
# 第一行修改为 python2.6.6
#!/usr/bin/python2.6.6

3. 验证 yum 问题解决

[[email protected] bin]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
... ... ... ...

 

三、升级 python 后，安装 pip 工具

1. 下载安装

[[email protected] ~]# wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
[[email protected] ~]# python get-pip.py

2. 设置软连接

[[email protected] ~]# ln -s /usr/local/python27/bin/pip2.7 /usr/bin/pip

 

四、安装 ipython

[[email protected] ~]# pip install ipython==1.2.1
[[email protected] ~]# ln -s /usr/local/python27/bin/ipython /usr/bin/ipython