用Python写Robot Framework测试

Posted 2020-11-02 jason89

Robot Framework 框架是基于 Python 语言开发的，所以，它本质上是 Python 的一个库。

百度搜索实例

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创建 py_robot.py 文件，代码如下：

from robot.api import TestSuite
from robot.api import ResultWriter
from robot.model import Keyword

# 百度搜索测试
class BaiduSearchTest:
    def __init__(self, name, librarys=["SeleniumLibrary"]):
        # 创建测试套件
        self.suite = TestSuite(name)        
        # 导入SeleniumLibrary
        for lib in librarys:
            self.suite.resource.imports.library(lib)    
    # 定义变量
    def create_variables(self):
        variables = {            
            "${baidu}": "https://www.baidu.com",            
            "${browser}": "Chrome",                       
            "${search_input}": "id=kw",            
            "${search_btn}": "id=su"

        }        
        for k, v in variables.items():
            self.suite.resource.variables.create(k, v)    

    # 测试用例：启动浏览器
    def open_browsers(self):        
        test_01 = self.suite.tests.create("启动浏览器")
        test_01.keywords.create("Open Browser",
            args=["${baidu}", "${browser}"])
        test_01.keywords.create("Title Should Be",
            args=["百度一下，你就知道"])   

    # 测试用例：百度搜索测试
    def search_word(self):
        test_02 = self.suite.tests.create("百度搜索测试")
        test_02.keywords.create("Input Text",            
            args=["${search_input}", "测试教程网"])
        test_02.keywords.create("Click Button",                  
            args=["${search_btn}"])
        test_02.keywords.create("Sleep", args=["5s"])    

    # 测试用例：断言验证搜索结果标题
    def assert_title(self):
        test_03 = self.suite.tests.create("断言验证搜索结果标题")
        test_03.keywords.create("Title Should Be",      
            args=["测试教程网_百度搜索"])    

    # 测试用例：关闭测试用例
    def close_browsers(self):
        test_04 = self.suite.tests.create("关闭浏览器")
        test_04.keywords.create("Close All Browsers")    

    # 运行
    def run(self):
        self.create_variables()
        self.open_browsers()
        self.search_word()
        self.assert_title()
        self.close_browsers()        

        # 运行套件
        result = self.suite.run(critical="百度搜索",
            output="output.xml")        

        # 生成日志、报告文件
        ResultWriter(result).write_results(
           report="report.html", log="log.html")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    print("用Python写Robot Framework测试")
    suite = BaiduSearchTest("百度搜索测试套件")
    suite.run()

这段代码的运行通过 python 命令来执行。

> python py_robot.py

用Python写Robot Framework测试
==============================================================================
百度搜索测试套件
==============================================================================
启动浏览器
DevTools listening on ws://127.0.0.1:12950/devtools/browser/bcbf14bb-ebc4-425c-882f-44531afd9689
启动浏览器                                                            | PASS |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
百度搜索测试                                                          | PASS |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
断言验证搜索结果标题                                                  | PASS |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
关闭浏览器                                                            | PASS |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
百度搜索测试套件                                                      | PASS |
0 critical tests, 0 passed, 0 failed
4 tests total, 4 passed, 0 failed
==============================================================================
Output:  D:\rf_test\robotSe\output.xml

Robot Framework 用的好，Python 少不了！所以，我的建议是要想用好 Robot Framework 必须要学习和掌握 Python 语言。