python Xls文档读写

Posted 2020-11-01 sulin

1.模块安装

    

    

2.python 代码

  1 import  xlrd
  2 import  xlwt
  3 import  datetime 
  4 
  5 def set_style(name,height,format,bold=False):
  6     style = xlwt.XFStyle()
  7     if  format.strip()!=\'\':
  8         style.num_format_str =format
  9     font  = xlwt.Font()
 10     font.name=name
 11     font.bold=bold
 12     font.color_index=4
 13     font.height=height
 14     alignment = xlwt.Alignment()
 15     #HORZ_GENERAL, HORZ_LEFT, HORZ_CENTER, HORZ_RIGHT, HORZ_FILLED, HORZ_JUSTIFIED, HORZ_CENTER_ACROSS_SEL, HORZ_DISTRIBUTED
 16     alignment.horz = xlwt.Alignment.HORZ_CENTER
 17     #VERT_TOP, VERT_CENTER, VERT_BOTTOM, VERT_JUSTIFIED, VERT_DISTRIBUTED
 18     alignment.vert = xlwt.Alignment.VERT_CENTER
 19     style.alignment = alignment
 20     style.font=font
 21     return style
 22     
 23 def set_colstyle(sheet,cindex):
 24     col=sheet.col(cindex)
 25     col.width =256*20
 26     #col.height =100
 27     
 28 def  writeXls(path):
 29     wb = xlwt.Workbook()
 30     sheet = wb.add_sheet(\'测试\',cell_overwrite_ok=True)
 31     set_colstyle(sheet,3)
 32     #标题
 33     heads=[\'姓名\',\'学科\',\'分数\',\'日期\']
 34     for  h  in range(0,len(heads)):
 35         sheet.write(0,h,heads[h],set_style(\'Arial\',300,\'\',True))
 36 
 37     
 38     #数据
 39     
 40     sheet.write_merge(1,2,0,0,\'张三\',set_style(\'Arial\',300,\'\',False))
 41     sheet.write(1,1,\'语文\',set_style(\'Arial\',240,\'\',False))
 42     sheet.write(1,2,85,set_style(\'Arial\',240,\'\',False))
 43     sheet.write(1,3,datetime.date.today(),set_style(\'Arial\',240,\'yyyy/mm/dd\',False))
 44     sheet.write(2,1,\'数学\',set_style(\'Arial\',240,\'\',False))
 45     sheet.write(2,2,85,set_style(\'Arial\',240,\'\',False))
 46     sheet.write(2,3,datetime.date.today(),set_style(\'Arial\',240,\'yyyy/mm/dd\',False))
 47 
 48     sheet.write_merge(3,4,0,0,\'李四\',set_style(\'Arial\',300,\'\',False))
 49     sheet.write(3,1,\'语文\',set_style(\'Arial\',240,\'\',False))
 50     sheet.write(3,2,95,set_style(\'Arial\',240,\'\',False))
 51     sheet.write(3,3,datetime.date.today(),set_style(\'Arial\',240,\'yyyy/mm/dd\',False))
 52     sheet.write(4,1,\'数学\',set_style(\'Arial\',240,\'\',False))
 53     sheet.write(4,2,95,set_style(\'Arial\',240,\'\',False))
 54     sheet.write(4,3,datetime.date.today(),set_style(\'Arial\',240,\'yyyy/mm/dd\',False))
 55     
 56 
 57     wb.save(path)
 58 
 59 def ismerge(sheet,merge,r,c):
 60     #merge=sheet.merged_cells
 61     for m in merge:
 62        if r>=m[0] and r<m[1] and c==m[2]:
 63            r=m[0]
 64            c==m[2]
 65            break
 66         
 67     return r,c
 68 
 69 def  readXls(path):
 70     wb=xlrd.open_workbook(path,formatting_info=True)
 71     #sheetname=wb.sheet_names()[0]
 72     sheet=wb.sheet_by_index(0)
 73     rows=sheet.nrows
 74     cols=sheet.ncols
 75     merge=sheet.merged_cells
 76     #merged_cells返回的这四个参数的含义是：(row,row_range,col,col_range),
 77     #其中[row,row_range)包括row,不包括row_range
 78     
 79     print(\'--------------------------------------------------------------------\')
 80     for r in range(0,rows):
 81         listStr = []
 82         
 83         for c in range(0,cols):
 84             merg=ismerge(sheet,merge,r,c)
 85             if (sheet.cell(merg[0],merg[1]).ctype==3):
 86                 data_value=xlrd.xldate_as_tuple(sheet.cell_value(merg[0],merg[1]),wb.datemode)
 87                 #print(datetime.date(*data_value[:3]).strftime(\'%Y/%m/%d\'))
 88                 listStr.append(datetime.date(*data_value[:3]).strftime(\'%Y/%m/%d\'))
 89             else:
 90                 #print(sheet.cell_value(merg[0],merg[1]))
 91                 listStr.append(sheet.cell_value(merg[0],merg[1]))
 92             #print(sheet.cell(merg[0],merg[1]).value)
 93             #print(sheet.cell(r,c).ctype)
 94 
 95         print(\' |\\t\'.join(str(s) for s in listStr if s not in [None]))
 96         print(\'--------------------------------------------------------------------\')
 97     
 98 if __name__ == \'__main__\':
 99 
100     #writeXls(\'H:\\测试.xls\')
101     readXls(\'H:\\测试.xls\')
102     
103     
104 
105     
106     
107     

3.效果展示