python下学习opengl之矩形框

Posted 2020-10-31 wndf6122

https://learnopengl.com/Getting-started/Hello-Triangle 实现了最简单的着色器，其翻译版请见对应的中文教程

以下是对上述教程中c++代码的python实现：

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import sys, os
import OpenGL.GL as gl
import glfw
import numpy as np

WIN_WIDTH = 800
WIN_HEIGHT = 600

vertexShaderSource = """
#version 330 core
layout (location = 0) in vec3 aPos;
void main()
{
    gl_Position = vec4(aPos.x, aPos.y, aPos.z, 1.0);
}
"""

fragmentShaderSource = """
#version 330 core
out vec4 FragColor;
void main()
{
    FragColor = vec4(1.0, 0.5, 0.2, 1.0);
}
"""

vertices = np.array([0.5, 0.5, 0,
                     0.5,-0.5, 0,
                    -0.5,-0.5, 0,
                    -0.5, 0.5, 0], dtype = np.float32)

indices = np.array([0.0, 1, 3,
                    1, 2, 3], dtype = np.uint32)

def framebuffer_size_callback(window, width, height):
    gl.glViewport(0, 0, width, height)

def processInput(window):
    if glfw.glfwGetKey(window, glfw.GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE) == glfw.GLFW_PRESS:
        glfw.glfwSetWindowShouldClose()

    if glfw.glfwGetKey(window, glfw.GLFW_KEY_LEFT) == glfw.GLFW_PRESS:
        gl.glPolygonMode(gl.GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, gl.GL_FILL)

    if glfw.glfwGetKey(window, glfw.GLFW_KEY_RIGHT) == glfw.GLFW_PRESS:
        gl.glPolygonMode(gl.GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, gl.GL_LINE)

def main():
    glfw.glfwInit()
    glfw.glfwWindowHint(glfw.GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3)
    glfw.glfwWindowHint(glfw.GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3)
    glfw.glfwWindowHint(glfw.GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, glfw.GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE)

    window = glfw.glfwCreateWindow(WIN_WIDTH, WIN_HEIGHT, "学习OpenGL".encode(), 0, 0)
    if window == 0:
        print("failed to create window")
        glfw.glfwTerminate()

    glfw.glfwMakeContextCurrent(window)
    glfw.glfwSetFramebufferSizeCallback(window, framebuffer_size_callback)

    vertexShader = gl.glCreateShader(gl.GL_VERTEX_SHADER)
    gl.glShaderSource(vertexShader, vertexShaderSource)
    gl.glCompileShader(vertexShader)

    fragmentShader = gl.glCreateShader(gl.GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER)
    gl.glShaderSource(fragmentShader, fragmentShaderSource)
    gl.glCompileShader(fragmentShader)

    shaderProgram = gl.glCreateProgram()
    gl.glAttachShader(shaderProgram, vertexShader)
    gl.glAttachShader(shaderProgram, fragmentShader)
    gl.glLinkProgram(shaderProgram)

    gl.glDeleteShader(vertexShader)
    gl.glDeleteShader(fragmentShader)

    VAO = gl.glGenVertexArrays(1)
    VBO, EBO = gl.glGenBuffers(2)

    gl.glBindVertexArray(VAO)
    gl.glBindBuffer(gl.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBO)
    gl.glBufferData(gl.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sys.getsizeof(vertices), vertices, gl.GL_STATIC_DRAW)
    gl.glBindBuffer(gl.GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, EBO)
    gl.glBufferData(gl.GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, sys.getsizeof(indices), indices, gl.GL_STATIC_DRAW)

    gl.glVertexAttribPointer(gl.glGetAttribLocation(shaderProgram, ‘aPos‘), 3, gl.GL_FLOAT, gl.GL_FALSE, 12, None)
    gl.glEnableVertexAttribArray(0)
    gl.glBindBuffer(gl.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0)
    gl.glBindVertexArray(0)

    while not glfw.glfwWindowShouldClose(window):
        processInput(window)
        gl.glClearColor(0.2, 0.3, 0.3, 1.0)
        gl.glClear(gl.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT)

        gl.glUseProgram(shaderProgram)
        gl.glBindVertexArray(VAO)
        gl.glDrawElements(gl.GL_TRIANGLES, len(indices), gl.GL_UNSIGNED_INT, None)
        # gl.glDrawArrays(gl.GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3)

        glfw.glfwSwapBuffers(window)
        glfw.glfwPollEvents()

    glfw.glfwTerminate()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

代码执行效果如下：

键盘的左右键可以控制GL_FILL和GL_LINE模式之间的切换